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Topic Review
Metal Halide Perovskites as Photocatalysts
The possible use of MHPs as effective photocatalysts has become clear to the scientific community in the last few years. Bulk and nanocrystalline metal halide perovskites have been shown to be excellent semiconductors with suitable energy levels to run most of the key solar-driven reactions of current interest for solar fuels production. This review summarized the current status of the application of MHPs in photocatalyzed organic syntheses/transformation which to date have shown, in most of the cases, significant advantages with respect to traditional photocatalysts.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Aug 2021
Topic Review
New Liquid Chemical Hydrogen Storage Technology
The liquid chemical hydrogen storage technology has great potentials for high-density hydrogen storage and transportation at ambient temperature and pressure. However, its commercial applications highly rely on the high-performance heterogeneous dehydrogenation catalysts, owing to the dehydrogenation difficulty of chemical hydrogen storage materials. The chemists and materials scientists found that the supported metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can exhibit high catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability for the dehydrogenation of chemical hydrogen storage materials, which will clear the way for the commercial application of liquid chemical hydrogen storage technology. 
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Microbial Surfactants: Sustainable Class of Versatile Molecules
Microbial Surfactants are the class of surfactants produced by microbes like bacteria, fungi or yeast. Due to their easy biodegradability, and less toxicity, this class is gaining huge interests of scientists, researchers, environmentalists and industrialists. Current article throws some light on the introduction and classification of microbial surfactants. Some properties og microbial surfactants has also been discussed in the same. Industrial Applications of Microbial surfactants will be discussed below.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Bioethanol production by enzymatic hydrolysis
Lignocellulosic sources are the world’s largest renewable sources for bioethanol production and can be divided into three main types: (1) marine algae, (2) agricultural residues and municipal solid wastes, (3) and forest woody feedstocks.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Delivery Systems for the Controlled Release of Scents
Scents are volatile compounds highly employed in a wide range of manufactured items, such as fine perfumery, household products, and functional foods. One of the main directions of the research in this area aims to enhance the longevity of scents by designing efficient delivery systems to control the release rate of these volatile molecules and also increase their stability. Several approaches to release scents in a controlled manner have been developed in recent years. Thus, different controlled release systems have been prepared, including polymers, metal–organic frameworks and mechanically interlocked systems, among others. 
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Mar 2023
Topic Review
H2 Antagonist
H2 antagonists, sometimes referred to as H2RAs and also called H2 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the histamine H2 receptors of the parietal cells in the stomach. This decreases the production of stomach acid. H2 antagonists can be used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease. They have been surpassed by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs); the PPI omeprazole was found to be more effective at both healing and alleviating symptoms of ulcers and reflux oesophagitis than the H2 blockers ranitidine and cimetidine. H2 antagonists are a type of antihistamine, although in common use the term "antihistamine" is often reserved for H1 antagonists, which relieve allergic reactions. Like the H1 antagonists, some H2 antagonists function as inverse agonists rather than receptor antagonists, due to the constitutive activity of these receptors. The prototypical H2 antagonist, called cimetidine, was developed by Sir James Black at Smith, Kline & French – now GlaxoSmithKline – in the mid-to-late 1960s. It was first marketed in 1976 and sold under the trade name Tagamet, which became the first blockbuster drug. The use of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) led to the development of other agents – starting with ranitidine, first sold as Zantac, which has fewer adverse effects and drug interactions and is more potent. H2 blockers, which all end in "-tidine," are not the same as H1 receptor antagonists, which relieve allergy symptoms.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Reducing Chlorine Evolution through Transitional Metal Dopants
Electrocatalytic water splitting is a possible route to the expanded generation of green hydrogen; a long-term challenge is the requirement of fresh water as an electrolyzer feed. The use of seawater as a direct feed for electrolytic hydrogen production would alleviate fresh water needs and potentially open an avenue for locally generated hydrogen from marine hydrokinetic or off-shore power sources. One environmental limitation to seawater electrolysis is the generation of chlorine as a competitive anodic reaction. 
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Metal-Organic Frameworks for Water Remediation
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a highly mobile cancerogenic and teratogenic heavy metal ion. Among the varied technologies applied today to address chromium water pollution, photocatalysis offers a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) to the less toxic Cr(III). In contrast to classic photocatalysts, Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous semiconductors that can couple the Cr(VI) to Cr(III) photoreduction to the chromium species immobilization. 
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Ni-Based Catalysts Supported on Mg-Al Mixed Oxides
Ni-based catalysts supported on Mg-Al mixed oxides (Mg(Al)O) have been intensively investigated as catalysts for CH4 reforming processes (i.e., steam reforming (SMR) and dry reforming (DRM)), which are pivotal actors in the expanding H2 economy.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 May 2023
Topic Review
Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biomass Valorization and Fine-Chemicals Production
Heterogeneous catalysts are progressively expanding their field of application, from high-throughput reactions for traditional industrial chemistry with production volumes reaching millions of tons per year, a sector in which they are key players, to more niche applications for the production of fine chemicals. These novel applications require a progressive utilization reduction of fossil feedstocks, in favor of renewable ones. Biomasses are the most accessible source of organic precursors, having as advantage their low cost and even distribution across the globe. Unfortunately, they are intrinsically inhomogeneous in nature and their efficient exploitation requires novel catalysts.
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Graphene Derivatives with Conducting Polymers
The development of sensorial platforms based on graphene derivatives and conducting polymers (CPs), alternatively deposited or co-deposited on the working electrode (usually a glassy carbon electrode; GCE) using a simple potentiostatic method (often cyclic voltammetry; CV), possibly followed by the deposition of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the electrode surface (ES). These materials have been successfully used to detect an extended range of biomolecules of clinical interest, such as uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), adenine, guanine, and others.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Metal-Organic Frame Materials in Water Purification
 Metal-Organic Frame Materials (MOFs) are a class of porous materials with a three-dimensional frame structure shaped by the self-assembly of metal centers and organic ligands. Because of its unique performance advantages, it has become a promising adsorbent.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Mar 2023
Topic Review
High-Pressure Mechanistic, Bioinorganic NO Chemistry
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-living free radical, and, in contrast to many signaling agents (e.g., various peptides), which rely on receptors where structural relationships determine their function, the chemistry of NO determines its biological roles. There are two distinct reaction types—direct and indirect—which depend on the NO concentration, reactive species formed and reaction kinetics. The direct effects involve interactions of NO itself with biological targets such as redox metal centers, redox-active amino acids, or other radical species.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Cu-Based Catalytic Sites for Methane to Methanol
Direct conversion of methane to methanol is an effective and practical process to improve the efficiency of natural gas utilization. Copper (Cu)-based catalysts have attracted great research attention, due to their unique ability to selectively catalyze the partial oxidation of methane to methanol at relatively low temperatures. Many different catalysts have been studied to achieve a high conversion of methane to methanol, including the Cu-based enzymes, Cu-zeolites, Cu-MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) and Cu-oxides.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been broadly applied to numerous domains with a substantial surface area, tunable pore size, and multiple unsaturated metal sites. Hollow MOFs and their composites as well as their applications can be used in organic catalysis, electrochemical sensing, and adsorption separation.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Jan 2023
Biography
Alexander Gaskov
Professor Alexander Gaskov, our dear colleague, friend and teacher, passed away on 18 January 2021, from COVID-19. He was a brilliant scientist in the area of chemistry of semiconductor materials for physical and chemical sensors. He spent his entire research career, which began in 1966, in the Division of Inorganic Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University. During all hi
  • 1.1K
  • 31 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Basic Principles of COF-Based Sensing
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers with polygonal porosity and highly ordered structures. The most prominent feature of the COFs is their excellent crystallinity and highly ordered modifiable one-dimensional pores. Since the first report of them in 2005, COFs with various structures were successfully synthesized and their applications in a wide range of fields including gas storage, pollution removal, catalysis, and optoelectronics explored. In the meantime, COFs also exhibited good performance in chemical and biological sensing, because their highly ordered modifiable pores allowed the selective adsorption of the analytes, and the interaction between the analytes and the COFs’ skeletons may lead to a detectable change in the optical or electrical properties of the COFs.
  • 1.0K
  • 17 May 2022
Topic Review
Bulk Preparation Technologies in Food Packaging Applications
Active packaging has played a significant role in consumers’ health and green environment. Synthetic polymers, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), etc., and naturally derived ones, such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, etc., are extensively used as packaging materials due to their broad range of desired properties (transparence, processability, gas barrier properties, mechanical strength, etc.). The food packaging field has been challenged to deliver food products free from microbes that cause health hazards. However, most of the used polymers lack such properties. Owing to this, active agents such as antimicrobial agents and antioxidants have been broadly used as potential additives in food packaging substrates, to increase the shelf life, the quality and the safety of food products. Both synthetic active agents, such as Ag, Cu, ZnO, TiO2, nanoclays, and natural active agents, such as essential oils, catechin, curcumin, tannin, gallic acid, etc., exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, while restricting the growth of harmful microbes. Various bulk processing techniques have been developed to produce appropriate food packaging products and to add active agents on polymer matrices or on their surface. Among these techniques, extrusion molding is the most used method for mass production of food packaging with incorporated active agents into polymer substrates, while injection molding, thermoforming, blow molding, electrospinning, etc., are used to a lower extent.
  • 1.0K
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Low-Temperature Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
The lithium–sulfur (Li-S) battery is considered to be one of the attractive candidates for breaking the limit of specific energy of lithium-ion batteries and has the potential to conquer the related energy storage market due to its advantages of low-cost, high-energy density, high theoretical specific energy, and environmental friendliness issues.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Development of Thermoelectric Half-Heusler Alloys
Half-Heusler alloys are among the most promising thermoelectric materials. 
  • 998
  • 29 Dec 2023
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