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Topic Review
Unique Properties of the Immune System
The human body is unquestionably one of the most complex systems known to humanity. There are three main regulation systems in the human body (the nervous system, the endocrine system and the immune system). These three systems are integrated into one ultimate information communication network within the human body. However, each regulation system has its specific roles and unique properties. Consequently, each of these regulation systems has served as inspiration for computational models to efficiently solve real-world problems. An overview of these models and their applications is presented.
  • 665
  • 01 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Reduce Certificate Frauds in the Academic Field
In the digital age, ensuring the authenticity and security of academic certificates is a critical challenge faced by educational institutions, employers, and individuals alike. Traditional methods for verifying academic credentials are often cumbersome, time-consuming, and susceptible to fraud. However, the emergence of blockchain technology offers a promising solution to address these issues.
  • 661
  • 28 Aug 2023
Topic Review
VR Social Skills Training in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Poor social skills in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with reduced independence in daily life. Current interventions for improving the social skills of individuals with ASD fail to represent the complexity of real-life social settings and situations. Virtual reality (VR) may facilitate social skills training in social environments and situations similar to those in real life; however, more research is needed to elucidate aspects such as the acceptability, usability, and user experience of VR systems in ASD. Twenty-five participants with ASD attended a neuropsychological evaluation and three sessions of VR social skills training, which incorporated five social scenarios with three difficulty levels. Participants reported high acceptability, system usability, and user experience. Significant correlations were observed between performance in social scenarios, self-reports, and executive functions. Working memory and planning ability were significant predictors of the functionality level in ASD and the VR system’s perceived usability, respectively. Yet, performance in social scenarios was the best predictor of usability, acceptability, and functionality level. Planning ability substantially predicted performance in social scenarios, suggesting an implication in social skills. Immersive VR social skills training in individuals with ASD appears to be an appropriate service, but an errorless approach that is adaptive to the individual’s needs should be preferred.
  • 657
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Alert Correlation and Attack Scenario Recognition
Planned and targeted attacks, such as the advanced persistent threat (APT), are highly sophisticated forms of attack. They involve numerous steps and are intended to remain within a system for an extended length of period before progressing to the next stage of action. Anticipating the next behaviors of attackers is a challenging and crucial task due to the stealthy nature of advanced attack scenarios, in addition to the possible high volumes of false positive alerts generated by different security tools such as intrusion detection systems (IDSs).
  • 657
  • 16 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain Privacy and Scalability
Lower renewable energy generator prices are leading people to install solar panels to reduce their electricity bills or, in some cases, even sell the surplus generated energy to the grid and earn credits from the grid operator. Generally, they are limited to trading the energy they generate with the grid company, which has a dominant role in price determination. Decentralized energy markets might increase both market competitiveness and incentive to further people’s adoption of renewable energy, reducing security vulnerabilities and improving resiliency. Blockchain is a widely studied technology to provide decentralization for energy markets. Scalability, privacy, market design, and user security are some of the open research topics.
  • 655
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Internet of Things Foundations
Es importante realizar pruebas de velocidad de Internet regularmente para asegurarse de que está recibiendo el servicio que paga y que cumple con sus necesidades. Las pruebas de velocidad pueden ayudarlo a.la prueba con el plan de Internet que tiene para ver si está obteniendo la velocidad prometida.prueba de velocidad puede ayudarlo a identificar la causa del problema, como la congestión de la red, problemas con su proveedor de servicios de Internet (ISP) o problemas con su equipo. https://velocidaddeinternet.mx/ Calle Jovellanos, 31,Oviedo,33003,Spain
  • 655
  • 18 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Enhancing Smart Agriculture Monitoring
The evolution of agriculture towards a modern, intelligent system is crucial for achieving sustainable development and ensuring food security. In this context, leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) stands as a pivotal strategy to enhance both crop quantity and quality while effectively managing natural resources such as water and fertilizer.
  • 654
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Mitigating Technological Anxiety in Mixed Reality Systems
Mixed Reality (MR), a term first introduced in 1994, combines the physical and digital worlds, with Augmented Reality (AR) being the most well-known example. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), which creates a virtual environment that completely isolates users from the real world, MR blends virtual and physical realms, blurring the boundaries between them.
  • 647
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Chance and Uncertainty in Integrated Assessment Models
The spirited and continuing debate on the scientific status of integrated assessment models (IAMs) of global climate change raises many methodological issues. Here researchers address the nature of the uncertainties encountered and their treatment in the modeling literature.
  • 641
  • 05 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Visual Design Sustainability
The United Nations established 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) in 2015, but research on these goals in the visual design industry remains limited.
  • 636
  • 07 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Mosquito-Borne Viral Diseases
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has developed in recent years; its applications avoid many of the limitations associated with satellite data, such as long repetition times, cloud contamination, low spatial resolution, and lack of homogeneity in camera angle or shooting time.
  • 633
  • 26 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Large-Scale Unstructured Unsteady Flow
Animation visualization is one of the primary methods for analyzing unsteady flow fields. Loading and rendering individual time steps sequentially can result in substantial frame delay, whereas loading and rendering all time steps simultaneously can result in excessive memory usage.
  • 621
  • 28 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Intelligent Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems for Renewable Energy Communities
The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming various domains, including smart energy management, by enabling the integration of complex digital and physical components in distributed cyber-physical systems (DCPSs). The design of DCPSs has so far been focused on performance-related, non-functional requirements.
  • 617
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Dynamic Distributed Intelligence Architecture for Human Activity Recognition
A wide range of applications, including sports and healthcare, use human activity recognition (HAR). The Internet of Things (IoT), using cloud systems, offers enormous resources but produces high delays and huge amounts of traffic. Researchers propose a distributed intelligence and dynamic HAR architecture using smart IoT devices, edge devices, and cloud computing. These systems were used to train models, store results, and process real-time predictions. Wearable sensors and smartphones were deployed on the human body to detect activities from three positions; accelerometer and gyroscope parameters were utilized to recognize activities. A dynamic selection of models was used, depending on the availability of the data and the mobility of the users.
  • 606
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Detecting Photovoltaic Panels in Aerial Images
The detection of photovoltaic panels from images is an important field, as it leverages the possibility of forecasting and planning green energy production by assessing the level of energy autonomy for communities. This entry provides a summary of approaches proposed in the literature for detecting photovoltaic panels from remote sensing imagery. These methodologies encompass machine learning, deep learning, spectral information analysis, and colour analysis.
  • 602
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Short Text Event Coreference Resolution
Event coreference resolution is the task of clustering event mentions that refer to the same entity or situation in text and performing operations like linking, information completion, and validation. Existing methods model this task as a text similarity problem, focusing solely on semantic information, neglecting key features like event trigger words and subject.
  • 600
  • 30 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Adaptive Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average Model
Harvesting energy from solar radiation has emerged as an effective approach to prolong the lifetime of outdoor energy harvesting sensor networks. The harvested energy must be carefully managed to ensure that sufficient energy is available when solar energy is scarce. For the prediction problem of solar energy power harvesting, an adaptive seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average model (ASARIMA) for solar energy harvesting prediction.
  • 598
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Accurate Estimation of Air Pollution in Outdoor Routes
There is clear evidence of the effects of air pollution on health. The aim is to provide this information to citizens based on their health profile (medical history or requirements) before and during outdoor trips of their choice, both walking and cycling, empowering them to proactively make informed personal decisions about their route choices and identifying potentially unhealthy travel environments.
  • 598
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Distance Vector Hop-Based Secure and Robust Localization Algorithm
Location information of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network is important. The sensor nodes are usually required to ascertain their positions so that the data collected by these nodes can be labeled with this information. On the other hand, certain attacks on wireless sensor networks lead to the incorrect estimation of sensor node positions. In such situations, when the location information is not correct, the data may be labeled with wrong location information that may subvert the desired operation of the wireless sensor network.
  • 594
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network in a Parking Lot
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are provided as an important component of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) especially for enhancing traffic safety. The primary goal of VANETs is to improve the safety of drivers and passengers by facilitating the exchange of information between vehicles.
  • 593
  • 22 Nov 2023
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