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Topic Review
Management Plan according to EOSS-P
hildhood obesity, affecting 29% of 7–9-year-olds across 33 European countries, is a significant public health challenge. Its persistence into adulthood poses grave health risks influenced by genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Belgium introduced a new care pathway in December 2023, based on the Edmonton Obesity Staging System for Pediatrics (EOSS-P), addressing four health domains and staging obesity severity. This pathway operates across three levels: primary care physicians, Paediatric Multidisciplinary Obesity Management Centres (PMOCs), and Centers of Expertise for Paediatric Obesity Management (CEPOs). Each stage of EOSS-P demands tailored interventions. Early stages involve dietary interventions, physical activity promotion, and behavior modifications. As obesity severity progresses, treatments intensify, encompassing psychological support, anti-obesity medications, and, in some cases, bariatric surgery.
  • 90
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Structural Health Monitoring of Solid Rocket Motors
In the realm of space exploration, solid rocket motors (SRMs) play a pivotal role due to their reliability and high thrust-to-weight ratio. Serving as boosters in space launch vehicles and employed in military systems, and other critical & emerging applications, SRMs’ structural integrity monitoring, is of paramount importance. Traditional maintenance approaches often prove inefficient, leading to either unnecessary interventions or unexpected failures. Condition-based maintenance (CBM) emerges as a transformative strategy, incorporating advanced sensing technologies and predictive analytics. By continuously monitoring crucial parameters such as temperature, pressure, and strain, CBM enables real-time analysis, ensuring timely intervention upon detecting anomalies, thereby optimizing SRM lifecycle management. Particularly, photonic sensors and fiber-optic sensors, demonstrate exceptional promise in CBM goals. Their enhanced sensitivity and broad measurement range allow for capturing subtle changes indicative of degradation or potential failures. These sensors enable comprehensive, non-intrusive monitoring of multiple SRM locations simultaneously. Integrated with data analytics, these sensors empower predictive analysis, facilitating SRM behavior prediction and optimal maintenance planning. Ultimately, CBM, bolstered by advanced photonic sensors, promises enhanced operational availability, reduced costs, improved safety, and efficient resource allocation in SRM applications.
  • 110
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Latest Existing Schemes on Data Aggregation
The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has opened the way for transformative advances in numerous fields, including healthcare. IoT-based healthcare systems provide unprecedented opportunities to gather patients’ real-time data and make appropriate decisions at the right time. 
  • 136
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cytokine Responses in Solid-Tumors Therapy
Precision cancer medicine primarily aims to identify individual patient genomic variations and exploit vulnerabilities in cancer cells to select suitable patients for specific drugs. These genomic features are commonly determined by gene sequencing prior to therapy, to identify individuals who would be most responsive. This precision approach in cancer therapeutics remains a powerful tool that benefits a smaller pool of patients, sparing others from unnecessary treatments. A limitation of this approach is that proteins, not genes, are the ultimate effectors of biological functions, and therefore the targets of therapeutics. An additional dimension in precision medicine that considers an individual’s cytokine response to cancer therapeutics is proposed. Cytokine responses to therapy are multifactorial and vary among individuals. Thus, precision is dictated by the nature and magnitude of cytokine responses in the tumor microenvironment exposed to therapy. 
  • 96
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Sustainable Supply Chain Management Barriers
Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) integrates economic, social, and environmental goals within the supply chain to enhance long-term performance. It assists organizations in monitoring their performance concerning social, environmental, and economic factors to bolster sustainability.
  • 122
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Pharmaceutical Properties of Gabapentin
Gabapentin (GBP) is a common name for 1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid (C9H17NO2, CAS Registry No. 60142-96-3), a GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) derivative and a popular active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). It has a molecular weight of 171.34 and two pKa values of 3.68 and 10.70.
  • 84
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Nitrooxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Caused by Air Pollutants
Millions of people around the world are exposed to air pollutants, such as particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone (O3). Such exposure usually does not exclude these two types of pollutants and their harmful effects could be additive or synergistic. O3 is a highly oxidizing gas that reacts with the cellular environment just as PM2.5, triggering nitrooxidative damage.
  • 323
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Astrocytes and α-Syn in Parkinson’s Disease
The α-syn protein is a 140-amino-acid protein that comprises an N-terminal region that assumes an α-helical secondary structure upon membrane binding, a non-amyloid-component hydrophobic domain that can adopt a β-sheet conformation, promoting protein aggregation in its monomeric form, and a negatively charged C-terminal domain. Astrocytes greatly contribute to neuronal survival through numerous mechanisms, such as the secretion of neurotrophins and antioxidants, the clearance of α-synuclein, glutamate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and the transfer of healthy mitochondria to neurons.
  • 206
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Effects of Aging on Taxi Service Performance
The taxi industry is recognized as a sector with substantial potential for sustainable development, involving key stakeholders such as policymakers, regulatory agencies, companies, drivers, and customers. Population aging presents a significant challenge with the aging workforce, potentially impacting the development of various industries.
  • 138
  • 13 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Tackling Infectious Diseases
Infectious diseases (IDs) are a leading cause of death. The diversity and adaptability of microbes represent a continuing risk to health.
  • 145
  • 13 Mar 2024
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