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Topic Review
Cloud-Native Future Networks
Cloud-native network design, which leverages network virtualization and softwarization together with the service-oriented architectural principle, is transforming communication networks to a versatile platform for converged network-cloud/edge service provisioning. Intelligent and autonomous management is one of the most challenging issues in cloud-native future networks, and a wide range of machine learning (ML)-based technologies have been proposed for addressing different aspects of the management challenge. It becomes critical that the various management technologies are applied on the foundation of a consistent architectural framework with a holistic vision. This calls for standardization of new management architecture that supports seamless the integration of diverse ML-based technologies in cloud-native future networks. The goal of this paper is to provide a big picture of the recent developments of architectural frameworks for intelligent and autonomous management for future networks.
  • 678
  • 01 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Smart Water Grids
Smart water grids are urban water infrastructure enhanced through a variety of interconnected devices with the ability to collect and share data with both other devices and data centres. Typically this is done through the use of Internet of Things technology. Some of these devices also have the capacity to make decisions, in a centralised and/or decentralised manner, and to perform physical actions on the water infrastructure that lead to optimal operation and control. Smart water grids can, therefore, be understood as an instance of cyber-physical systems. In the case of water distribution management, in addition to classical objectives such as pressure, quality and leakage control; smart water grids also seek energy efficiency and explore water reuse systems.
  • 5.5K
  • 26 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Wearable Sensors and Computer-Vision-Based Methods
Real-time sensing and modeling of the human body, especially the hands, is an important research endeavor for various applicative purposes such as in natural human computer interactions. Hand pose estimation is a big academic and technical challenge due to the complex structure and dexterous movement of human hands. Boosted by advancements from both hardware and artificial intelligence, various prototypes of data gloves and computer-vision-based methods have been proposed for accurate and rapid hand pose estimation in recent years. However, existing reviews either focused on data gloves or on vision methods or were even based on a particular type of camera, such as the depth camera. The purpose of this survey is to conduct a comprehensive and timely review of recent research advances in sensor-based hand pose estimation, including wearable and vision-based solutions. Hand kinematic models are firstly discussed. An in-depth review is conducted on data gloves and vision-based sensor systems with corresponding modeling methods. Particularly, this review also discusses deep-learning-based methods, which are very promising in hand pose estimation. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of the current hand gesture estimation methods, the applicative scope, and related challenges are also discussed.
  • 1.5K
  • 22 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Semantic Web and Web GIS
The field of geographic information science and its associated technologies have undergone rapid technological advancement and geographic information systems (GIS) now have wide-ranging functional capabilities. The field is characterised by specific expertise, one with a longstanding history of forward thinking and a track record for ongoing innovation and with this, the field has adopted many disruptive technologies from the fields of computer and information sciences through this transition towards web GIS. Most interestingly in this regard is the (often limited) uptake of semantic web technologies by the field and its associated technologies, the lack of which has resulted in a technological disjoint between these fields. As the field seeks to make geospatial information more accessible to more users and in more contexts through ‘self-service’ applications and web GIS applications, the use of these technologies is imperative to support the interoperability between distributed data sources and services. 
  • 1.0K
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Homothetic Behavior of Betweenness Centralities
       In mathematics, a homothetic behavior is characterized by a transformation of an affine space by a factor λ and results in an invariance of this space form or configuration, albeit its overall scale changes. In this sense, if two objects or parts of those objects have distinct sizes, but conserve the same appearance, they can be considered homothetic. In networks, the occurrence of homothetic behaviors would imply that a section of the network, when modelled independently, ought to retain a certain regularity in their distribution of centrality hierarchies (visual similitude) when compared to a larger section, independently modelled as well, that contains it. Hence, the smaller network maintains its overall proportions (configuration, hierarchies and values) across scales. This visual similitude was perceived while apposing several Normalized Angular Choice (NACH) models, a Space Syntax’ derivative from mathematical betweenness. Network homotheties, due to their invariability in form and value, can be used as an alternative to extensive network generalization for the construction of large spatial networks. Hence, data maps can be constructed sooner and more accurately as “pieces of a puzzle”, since each individual lesser scale graph possesses a faster processing time.
  • 725
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Unsupervised Keyphrase Extraction
A review of unsupervised keyphrase extraction methods.
  • 1.7K
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Optimizing availability in IoT
The edge, fog and cloud computing integration has enabled plenty of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, offering high connectivity, scalability, and high availability. Smart cities, smart agriculture and e-health systems are examples of IoT applications that can take many advantages by using those technologies. However, due to the complexity of the scenarios and the heterogeneity of the devices, the management is not a trivial task. While facilitating storage and processing at the end device (the edge), at the intermediary layer (the fog), or centrally (the cloud), it also introduces new points of failure at and between each layer. In some use cases, such as e-health, device availability has a high criticality. Any downtime impacting one or more components in the architecture can result in adverse effects and/or additional logistical effort and cost. This chapter discusses decision-making strategies for maximizing availability using as example three IoT scenarios: smart city, smart agriculture and e-health systems.
  • 1.4K
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
HBase Storage Architecture
HBase is the top option for storing huge data. HBase has been selected for several purposes, including its scalability, efficiency, strong consistency support, and the capacity to support a broad range of data models.
  • 2.7K
  • 21 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Fuzzy VS Bivalent Logic
In this work a comparison is attempted between the Aristotle’s traditional bivalent logic, which dominated for centuries on the human way of thinking, and the relatively recent Zadeh’s fuzzy logic, which has already found many and important applications to almost all sectors of the human activity. It is concluded that, although the enormous progress of science and technology owes a lot to bivalent logic, fuzzy logic which completes and extends it, fits much better to our everyday life situations and to the scientific way of thinking.
  • 1.8K
  • 20 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Integrating Brazilian health databases
The volume of data generated by health systems is substantial and is likely to continue growing exponentially with the growing adoption of the Internet of Things. Efforts to improve data discovery and integration are complicated by the complexity, dimensionality and heterogeneity of the data, inadequate data, and other data quality issues. This work-in-progress has as its main goal the integration of two Brazilian health databases in order to improve the quality of tuberculosis mortality data. A phonetic encoding technique (Soundex) and a pattern matching recognition (Jaro) are proposed as solutions and results compared. Both techniques identified over 500 true matches with Jaro discovering more true matches than Soundex.
  • 396
  • 19 Feb 2021
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