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Topic Review
Child Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition
Handwritten Arabic character recognition has received increasing research interest. However, as of yet, the majority of the existing handwriting recognition systems have only focused on adult handwriting. In contrast, there have not been many studies conducted on child handwriting, nor has it been regarded as a major research issue yet. Compared to adults’ handwriting, children’s handwriting is more challenging since it often has lower quality, higher variation, and larger distortions.
  • 414
  • 22 Aug 2023
Topic Review
QoS Monitoring in IoT Edge Devices Driven Healthcare
Smart healthcare is altering the delivery of healthcare by combining the benefits of IoT, mobile, and cloud computing. Cloud computing has tremendously helped the health industry connect healthcare facilities, caregivers, and patients for information sharing. The main drivers for implementing effective healthcare systems are low latency and faster response times. Thus, quick responses among healthcare organizations are important in general, but in an emergency, significant latency at different stakeholders might result in disastrous situations. Thus, cutting-edge approaches like edge computing and artificial intelligence (AI) can deal with such problems. A packet cannot be sent from one location to another unless the “quality of service” (QoS) specifications are met. 
  • 414
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Healthcare Sustainability: Hospitalization Rate Forecasting
Monitoring and forecasting hospitalization rates are of essential significance to public health systems in understanding and managing overall healthcare deliveries and strategizing long-term sustainability. Early-stage prediction of hospitalization rates is crucial to meet the medical needs of numerous patients during emerging epidemic diseases such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, this is a challenging task due to insufficient data and experience. In addition, relevant existing work neglects or fails to exploit the extensive contribution of external factors such as news, policies, and geolocations. Herein, researchers demonstrate the significant relationship between hospitalization rates and COVID-19 infection cases. A transfer learning architecture with dynamic location-aware sentiment and semantic analysis (TLSS) is adapted to a new application scenario: hospitalization rate prediction during COVID-19. This architecture learns and transfers general transmission patterns of existing epidemic diseases to predict hospitalization rates during COVID-19. Researchers combine the learned knowledge with time series features and news sentiment and semantic features in a dynamic propagation process. Extensive experiments are conducted to compare the proposed approach with several state-of-the-art machine learning methods with different lead times of ground truth. The results show that TLSS exhibits outstanding predictive performance for hospitalization rates. Thus, it provides advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for supporting decision-making in healthcare sustainability.
  • 414
  • 24 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Machine Learning for Evidence-Based Telehealth and Smart Care
Clinical studies have utilized machine learning in telehealth and smart care for disease management, self-management, and managing health issues like pulmonary diseases, heart failure, diabetes screening, and intraoperative risks. Machine learning combined with the application of evidence-based practices in healthcare can enhance telehealth and smart care strategies by improving quality of personalized care, early detection of health-related problems, patient quality of life, patient-physician communication, resource efficiency and cost-effectiveness. 
  • 414
  • 12 Mar 2024
Topic Review
A Tangible VR-Based Interactive System for Intergenerational Learning
The recent years have witnessed striking global demographic shifts. Retired elderly people often stay home, seldom communicate with their grandchildren, and fail to acquire new knowledge or pass on their experiences.  Digital technologies based on virtual reality (VR) with tangible user interfaces (TUIs) were introduced into the design of a novel interactive system for intergenerational learning, aimed at promoting the elderly people’s interactions with younger generations.
  • 413
  • 31 May 2022
Topic Review
Distributed Ledger Technology Law
Distributed ledger technology law ("DLT law") (also called Blockchain law,, Lex Cryptographia or Algorithmic legal order ) is not yet defined and recognized but an emerging field of law due to the recent dissemination of distributed ledger technology application in business and governance environment.
  • 413
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Term (Logic)
In mathematical logic, a term denotes a mathematical object while a formula denotes a mathematical fact. In particular, terms appear as components of a formula. This is analogous to natural language, where a noun phrase refers to an object and a whole sentence refers to a fact. A first-order term is recursively constructed from constant symbols, variables and function symbols. An expression formed by applying a predicate symbol to an appropriate number of terms is called an atomic formula, which evaluates to true or false in bivalent logics, given an interpretation. For example, [math]\displaystyle{ (x+1)*(x+1) }[/math] is a term built from the constant 1, the variable x, and the binary function symbols [math]\displaystyle{ + }[/math] and [math]\displaystyle{ * }[/math]; it is part of the atomic formula [math]\displaystyle{ (x+1)*(x+1) \ge 0 }[/math] which evaluates to true for each real-numbered value of x. Besides in logic, terms play important roles in universal algebra, and rewriting systems.
  • 413
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Semantic Segmentation of Medical Images
There have been major developments in deep learning in computer vision since the 2010s. Deep learning has contributed to a wealth of data in medical image processing, and semantic segmentation is a salient technique in this field. Lesion detection is one of the primary objectives of medical imaging, as the size and location of lesions are often directly associated with a patient’s diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Since the development of computer vision algorithms, however, researchers have begun to utilize these algorithms in the field of medical imaging.
  • 413
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Credit Card Fraud Detection
With the rapid developments in electronic commerce and digital payment technologies, credit card transactions have increased significantly. Machine learning (ML) has been vital in analyzing customer data to detect and prevent fraud.
  • 413
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Efficient Approximate Analytics of Georeferenced Big Data
The unprecedented availability of sensor networks and GPS-enabled devices has caused the accumulation of voluminous georeferenced data streams. These data streams offer an opportunity to derive valuable insights and facilitate decision making for urban planning.
  • 413
  • 02 Nov 2023
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