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Topic Review
Product/Service System Family Design
Product/service system (PSS) family design is a kind of designing a group of PSSs in order to provide the PSSs efficiently to a defined set of multiple customer segments, and was conceptualized with analogy to product family design. PSS is widely considered as a promising design object with the potential to enhance environmental sustainability of industrial solutions. PSS family design is potentially powerful to PSS customization and thereby expected to contribute to the competitiveness of PSS providers.
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Profit optimization using RFID under an Unreliable SCM
Competition in business is higher in the electronics sector compared to other sectors. In such a situation, the role of a manufacturer is to manage the inventory properly with optimized profit. However, the problem of unreliability within buyers still exists in real world scenarios. The manufacturer adopts the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to manage the inventory, which can control the unreliability, the inventory pooling effect, and the investment on human labor. For detecting RFID tags, a reasonable number of readers are needed. This study investigates the optimum distance between any two readers when using the optimum number of readers. As a vendor managed inventory (VMI) policy is utilized by the manufacturer, a revenue sharing contract is adopted to prevent the loss of buyers. The aim of this study is to maximize the profits of a two-echelon supply chain management under an advanced technology system. As the life of electronic gadgets is random, it may not follow any specific type of distribution function. The distribution-free approach helps to solve this issue when the mean and the standard deviation are known. The Kuhn-Tucker methodology and classical optimization are used to find the global optimum solution. The numerical analysis demonstrates that the manufacturer can earn more profit in coordination case after utilizing revenue sharing and the optimum distance between readers optimizing cost related to the RFID system. Sensitivity analysis is performed to check the sensibility of the parameters.
  • 266
  • 02 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Properties of HVOF-PVD Duplex Coatings
The morphology (surface and cross-section) of the high-velocity oxygen–fuel coupled physical vapor deposition (HVOF-PVD)  duplex coating and its mechanical (stress and load-bearing capacity), tribological (wear and lubrication), and corrosion (chemical and electrochemical) behavior are described and discussed for surface protective concern. The duplex coating involves a combination of a thick, hard HVOF bottom layer and a thin, hard yet tough PVD top layer. The hardness and modulus of the HVOF coating are between those of the soft substrate and the hard PVD coating, which thereafter provides a smooth transition and effective support between them. As a result, the HVOF interlayer can eliminate the plastic deformation of the substrate due to stress concentration under heavy load, effectively avoiding the “eggshell effect”. As expected, the duplex coating system would provide excellent load-bearing capacity. In terms of tribology, the wear resistance of the HVOF-PVD duplex coating is significantly improved compared to that of PVD monolayer coating. 
  • 541
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Quality Control in the Resistance Spot Welding Process
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a process characterized by its high speed and adaptability for automation that renders it suitable for mass production. 
  • 866
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Re-Thinking Data Strategy and Integration for Artificial Intelligence
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more prevalent across industries such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. Artificial intelligence is based on the analysis of large datasets and requires a continuous supply of high-quality data. 
  • 550
  • 30 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Refrigerated Transport
The cold chain is responsible for perishable products preservation and transportation, maintaining a proper temperature to slow biological decay processes. Often the efficiency of the cold chain is less than ideal, significantly increasing food waste and energy consumption. Refrigerated transport is a critical phase of the cold chain because of its negative impact on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
  • 727
  • 15 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Renewable Carbon
Renewable carbon is one of the most important materials which have been used in a wide range of applications, such as chemical catalysis, medicinal purification, environmental cleaning and metal extraction. Meanwhile, with the development of technology, the use field of renewable carbon keeps expanding to new areas, such as electrode and super-capacitors for energetic cell, as well as many other innovative industries. Similar to carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphene, it has variable characteristics of surface groups, along with high interface reactivity. These surface groups provide abundant reaction sites for chemical modification via electrostatic/van der Waals force, chemical bonding or noncovalent π-π interactions, thus imparting carbon particles with excellent natural affinity toward a large number of substrates. Moreover, the highly developed porous structure renders renewable carbon with a large range of surface area (500-3000 m2/g). It consists of thin graphite layers with exceptional mechanical strength, which highlights its great potential to be used as reinforcement agent in advanced packaging composites.
  • 901
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Requirement Quality Assessment Method Based on User Stories
Agile development processes based on user stories often face issues such as incomplete, inconsistent, and inaccurate user requirements, which increase the workload of agile development teams and reduce the efficiency of product function development, ultimately resulting in the inability to respond quickly to user requirements.
  • 453
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Respirator Assigned Protection Factors
The respiratory protective devices (RPD) can protect workers only if their protective properties are adequate to the conditions in the workplace. Therefore, specialists have developed criteria for the selection of proper, adequate respirators, including the Assigned Protection Factors (APF) - the decrease of the concentration of harmful substances in the inhaled air, which (is expected) to be provided with timely and proper use of a certified respirator of certain types (design) by taught and trained workers (after individual selection with a tight-fitting mask and fit testing), when the employer performs an effective respiratory protective device programme.
  • 772
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Respirator Cartridge
A respirator cartridge or canister is a container that cleans pollution from air. People working in polluted atmospheres use respirators for health preservation. If the air in the workplace is polluted with noxious gases, but contains sufficient oxygen (>19.5% in US; >18% in RF) they often use air-purifying respirators (APR). These respirators provide users breathable air by removing pollution from ambient air using canisters or cartridges. There are cartridges of different types, and they must be chosen correctly and replaced in a timely manner.
  • 962
  • 11 Oct 2022
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