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Topic Review
Effect of Wettability Parameters on Enhanced OIl Recovery
Modifying reservoir surface wetting properties is an appealing topic to the upstream oil and gas industry for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery, as the shifting of reservoir rock surface wetting from oil-wet to water-wet has enhanced the oil recovery (EOR) by as much as 70–80%. Wettability is defined as the ability of a fluid to stay in contact with a solid surface preferentially to another immiscible fluid present due to intermolecular interactions. The cohesive and adhesive forces describe the intermolecular interaction between solids and liquids. Cohesive force attracts similar molecules; adhesive force attracts different molecules. The balance of adhesive and cohesive forces of the oil–water–rock phase defines the wettability conditions of reservoir rocks. The wettability condition of reservoir rocks is one of the most critical factors influencing fluid flow in porous media, subsequently impacting the overall hydrocarbon recovery efficiency. Based on their wettability characteristics, oil reservoirs are divided into water-wet, oil-wet, mixed-wet, and intermediate-wet. Many experimental studies have contributed to the understanding of the wettability alteration mechanism. Despite the extensive research, concerns about a lack of understanding of the wettability alteration mechanisms in various reservoir conditions still exist. Microfluidic technologies, with microfabrication and reservoir micromodels, revolutionize researchers'  understanding of wettability alteration during enhanced oil recovery, surpassing traditional core-based experiments and offering real-time insights into geochemical changes.
  • 358
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Supercritical CO2 Power Technology
In the late 1960s, a handful of inspired researchers predicted the great potential of supercritical CO2 (“sCO2”) cycles for the production of electricity and highlighted the prospects for dramatic reductions in component sizes and efficiency increases. Since then, considerable development programs have been deployed around the world to “tame” this new technology. 
  • 99
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Solar Thermal Technology in Buildings
Buildings account for a significant proportion of total energy consumption. The integration of renewable energy sources is essential to reducing energy demand and achieve sustainable building design. The use of solar energy has great potential for promoting energy efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of energy consumption in buildings.
  • 155
  • 07 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Energy Storage in Urban Areas
Positive Energy Districts can be defined as connected urban areas, or energy-efficient and flexible buildings, which emit zero greenhouse gases and manage surpluses of renewable energy production. Energy storage is crucial for providing flexibility and supporting renewable energy integration into the energy system. It can balance centralized and distributed energy generation, while contributing to energy security. Energy storage can respond to supplement demand, provide flexible generation, and complement grid development. Photovoltaics and wind turbines together with solar thermal systems and biomass are widely used to generate electricity and heating, respectively, coupled with energy system storage facilities for electricity (i.e., batteries) or heat storage using latent or sensible heat. Energy storage technologies are crucial in modern grids and able to avoid peak charges by ensuring the reliability and efficiency of energy supply, while supporting a growing transition to nondepletable power sources.
  • 175
  • 06 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Production Risks of Forest Biomass for Energy Purposes
Risks threatening human health and safety during work in the process of production and storage of forest biomass can also be divided according to individual production phases: establishment and cultivation of plantations of fast-growing trees and intensive stands; production of forest chips from various forms of forest biomass; transport of biomass; and storage of forest biomass for energy purposes.
  • 82
  • 04 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Land Use Potential in Energy System Optimization Models
In energy system optimization models (ESOMs), land use aspects can be integrated at the cost of a finer spatial resolution and a more detailed characterization of land, tailored to regional constraints and specificities. 
  • 78
  • 04 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Hybrid Membrane Distillation Systems
Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive separation process that can work with heat sources with low temperature differences and is less sensitive to concentration polarization and membrane fouling than other pressure-driven membrane separation processes, thus allowing it to use low-grade thermal energy, which is helpful to decrease the consumption of energy, treat concentrated solutions, and improve water recovery rate.
  • 163
  • 01 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Organic Rankine Cycles and Absorption Cooling Systems
One of the main consequences of the irrational use of energy systems, mainly of those with direct or indirect use of fossil fuels, is climate change, whose effects on the planet have been studied in recent decades and today are well known. In the last decades, a strategy well promoted to counteract such effects is the transition to systems using renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, which can be used to produce electricity through the well-known photovoltaic technologies, or heat through the different solar thermal devices. These energy sources are of interest to the present research work.
  • 149
  • 01 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Role of Hydrogen in Energy Transformation
Hydrogen, with its potential to decarbonize various sectors, has emerged as a key player in achieving decarbonization and energy sustainability goals. The outlook for hydrogen is characterized by an increasingly central role in the global effort to transition towards a sustainable and low-carbon energy future. 
  • 237
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Carbon Dioxide Removal Technology and Artificial Intelligence
In response to the urgent need to address climate change and reduce carbon emissions, there has been a growing interest in innovative approaches that integrate AI and CDR technology.
  • 82
  • 29 Feb 2024
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