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Topic Review
YOLOv8 in a WSN Using UAV Aerial Photography
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a significant and long-lasting impact on numerous fields that affect all facets of our lives, including governmental, civil, and military applications. WSNs contain sensor nodes linked together via wireless communication links that need to relay data instantly or subsequently.
  • 474
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Dynamic Emerging Glazing Technologies
The development of the existing dynamic glazing technologies enables modulating the g-value (thus, the amount of heat) and VT (thus, the light) penetrated through the glazing while ensuring outside vision. These dynamic glazing technologies, in particular the electrochromic ones, have been proven to be more effective than traditional static glazing regarding the reduction of energy demand for air conditioning and lighting. In addition, they provide occupants’ comfort of a higher level and quality. However, the prohibitively high cost does not allow their widespread dissemination and application in the building industry. Hence, new emerging dynamic glazing technologies are currently under research or development. 
  • 264
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings
The building sector accounts for a significant proportion of global energy usage and carbon dioxide emissions. It is important to explore technological advances to curtail building energy usage to support the transition to a sustainable energy future. 
  • 161
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Drone-Integrated Geographic Information System Technology
Drones, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), have gained numerous applications due to their low cost, ease of use, vertical takeover and landing, and ability to operate in high-risk or hard-to-reach areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) refers to a field of science that involves the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth. GIS is a comprehensive framework that includes the processes of acquiring, retaining, modifying, examining, and presenting geographical data in an effective and streamlined way.
  • 216
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
AI-Based Surface Roughness Prediction for Additively Manufactured Components
Additive manufacturing has gained significant popularity from a manufacturing perspective due to its potential for improving production efficiency. However, ensuring consistent product quality within predetermined equipment, cost, and time constraints remains a persistent challenge. Surface roughness, a crucial quality parameter, presents difficulties in meeting the required standards, posing significant challenges in industries such as automotive, aerospace, medical devices, energy, optics, and electronics manufacturing, where surface quality directly impacts performance and functionality. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the methods used by researchers to predict the surface quality of additively fabricated parts. 
  • 389
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Syngas Fermentation
The fermentation of syngas is an attractive technology that can be integrated with gasification of lignocellulosic biomass. The coupling of these two technologies allows for treating a great variety of raw materials. Lignin usually hinders microbial fermentations; thus, the thermal decomposition of the whole material into small molecules allows for the production of fuels and other types of molecules using syngas as substrate, a process performed at mild conditions.
  • 464
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Road Anomaly Detection, Deep Learning-Based Methods and Visual-SLAM
The proliferation of autonomous vehicles (AVs) emphasises the pressing need to navigate challenging road networks riddled with anomalies like unapproved speed bumps, potholes, and other hazardous conditions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. These anomalies not only contribute to driving stress, vehicle damage, and financial implications for users but also elevate the risk of accidents. A significant hurdle for AV deployment is the vehicle’s environmental awareness and the capacity to localise effectively without excessive dependence on pre-defined maps in dynamically evolving contexts.
  • 371
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Composite Materials for Structure Strengthening and Resilience Improvement
Advanced composite materials have excellent performance and broad engineering application prospects, and have received widespread attention. Advanced composite materials can mainly be divided into fiber-reinforced composite materials, laminated composite materials, matrix composite materials, and other composite materials. 
  • 402
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Rail Surface Defect Detection
As an important component of the railway system, the surface damage that occurs on the rails due to daily operations can pose significant safety hazards. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, deep-learning-based algorithms, specifically supervised learning-based defect detection algorithms, are being widely applied in rail surface defect detection.
  • 213
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Origin-Destination Estimation
The origin–destination matrix (OD matrix) reflects the expected movement intensity of road users, where each element is the number of trips between the two traffic analysis zones (TAZs). It can represent the traffic demand over different time scales, from hours to years, corresponding to the dynamic and static OD inference problem, respectively. In the short term, it can be applied both as the initial input to the simulator and to boost the precision of short-term traffic flow forecasts. In the long term, the OD matrix provides the details on the average daily mobility needs of city’s inhabitants and can help assess the urban layout’s rationality and plan future infrastructure development.
  • 223
  • 23 Oct 2023
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