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Topic Review
UAV Detection and Tracking in Urban Environments
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant popularity across various domains, but their proliferation also raises concerns about security, public safety, and privacy. Consequently, the detection and tracking of UAVs have become crucial. Among the UAV-monitoring technologies, those suitable for urban Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments primarily include radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and visual technologies. 
  • 322
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
UASs Application in Viticultural Scenarios
New technologies for management, monitoring, and control of spatio-temporal crop variability in precision viticulture scenarios are numerous. Remote sensing relies on sensors able to provide useful data for the improvement of management efficiency and the optimization of inputs. unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are the newest and most versatile tools, characterized by high precision and accuracy, flexibility, and low operating costs. 
  • 508
  • 15 Mar 2021
Topic Review
U-Boat Campaign (World War I)
The U-boat Campaign from 1914 to 1918 was the World War I naval campaign fought by German U-boats against the trade routes of the Allies. It took place largely in the seas around the British Isles and in the Mediterranean. The German Empire relied on imports for food and domestic food production (especially fertilizer) and the United Kingdom relied heavily on imports to feed its population, and both required raw materials to supply their war industry; the powers aimed, therefore, to blockade one another. The British had the Royal Navy which was superior in numbers and could operate on most of the world's oceans because of the British Empire, whereas the Imperial German Navy surface fleet was mainly restricted to the German Bight, and used commerce raiders and unrestricted submarine warfare to operate elsewhere. In the course of events in the Atlantic alone, German U-boats sank almost 5,000 ships with nearly 13 million gross register tonnage, losing 178 boats and about 5,000 men in combat. Other naval theatres saw U-boats operating in both the Far East and South East Asia, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean and North Seas.
  • 1.2K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
U-Boat Campaign
The U-boat Campaign from 1914 to 1918 was the World War I naval campaign fought by German U-boats against the trade routes of the Allies. It took place largely in the seas around the British Isles and in the Mediterranean. The German Empire relied on imports for food and domestic food production (especially fertilizer) and the United Kingdom relied heavily on imports to feed its population, and both required raw materials to supply their war industry; the powers aimed, therefore, to blockade one another. The British had the Royal Navy which was superior in numbers and could operate on most of the world's oceans because of the British Empire, whereas the Imperial German Navy surface fleet was mainly restricted to the German Bight, and used commerce raiders and unrestricted submarine warfare to operate elsewhere. In the course of events in the Atlantic alone, German U-boats sank almost 5,000 ships with nearly 13 million gross register tonnage, losing 178 boats and about 5,000 men in combat. Other naval theatres saw U-boats operating in both the Far East and South East Asia, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean and North Seas.
  • 705
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Typhoon Tracking Based on Satellite Videos
Object tracking is a hot topic in computer vision and remote sensing, and it typically employs a bounding box that locks onto the region of interest (ROI) when only an initial state of the target (in a video frame) is available. The rapid development of remote sensing technologies provides a new methodology for weather observation and forecasting tasks using high-resolution visual data. A growing body of literature investigating the deep neural network-based cyclone track prediction from satellite imagery sequences has been published.
  • 583
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Types of Steel Liners
There are significant levels of concern about both the safety assessment and financial evaluation of the whole hydropower system, especially at early project stages. In addition, there is a variety of reliable and accurate methods for analysis, design, and optimization of steel pressure liners in hydropower plants. Several countries have developed specific regulations and codes for the design, installation, and safety evaluation of under-pressure piping, as well as estimates of the potential risks associated with failure. This article reviews the current methodologies and codes available for design and safety assessment of either unstiffened or stiffened pressure steel liners in hydropower plants.
  • 2.2K
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Types of Solution Cocrystallization
Solution crystallization has been used in both batch and continuous modes for industrial crystallization for several decades. Solution cocrystallization is often used on a laboratory scale due to its familiarity, simple design, ease of operation, process monitoring, and control. Solvent selection and the mode of supersaturation generation are the two factors that are crucial at the early stages of solution crystallization. For cocrystallization, the solubility of coformers in a given solvent is key factor in solvent selection. Additionally, other operational parameters such as the crystallizer design, mode of agitation, cooling rate/antisolvent addition rate, seeding, or nucleation control can impact final crystal properties such as shape, size, and desired polymorphic.
  • 406
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Types of Insulation Materials
Insulation materials are classified into three main categories depending on material composition, material technology, and material sustainability index.
  • 2.4K
  • 11 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Types of High-Temperature Fixed-Bed Particle Solar Receivers
Among a large number of receivers, the fixed-bed Particle Solar Receiver (PSR) represents a new pathway to high temperature with maximum overall thermal efficiency. The incoming solar radiation can penetrate deeper into the fixed-bed PSR filled with semi-transparent quartz and ceramic particles (spheres or Raschig rings), resulting in an increased volumetric effect. The semi-transparent PSR is full of the quartz glass spheres and/or quartz glass Raschig rings with smooth surfaces for high-temperature applications. The opaque PSR utilizes the ceramic material (e.g., silicon carbide, zirconium oxide and aluminium oxide) or a high-temperature alloy as heating particles. The mixed PSR is defined as a PSR that is full of mixed particles with various optical performances, namely, some quartz glass particles and other opaque particles.
  • 228
  • 06 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Types of Fiber Optic Sensors
In the upcoming space revolutions aiming at the implementation of automated, smart, and self-aware crewless vehicles and reusable spacecraft, sensors play a significant role in the control systems. In particular, fiber optic sensors, with their small footprint and electromagnetic immunity, represent a great opportunity for aerospace applications. 
  • 277
  • 09 Mar 2023
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