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Topic Review
Vehicles on Alternative Propulsion Systems
Cities are places where large concentrations of people are present, and as such, they generate large quantities of goods. In Europe, 80% of people live in urban areas. Distribution of goods is a fundamental prerequisite for the maintenance of urban life and business activity that generates income and development of urban areas. The distribution of goods within the cities leads to the emergence of "diseases in urban areas", such as traffic congestion, noise, adverse environmental impact, road safety, etc. With a view to sustainable development, increasing attention is paid to the development of environmentally friendly systems and goods transport technologies in the distribution of goods. This paper analyzes the role of vehicles on alternative propulsion systems in logistics and transport
  • 507
  • 06 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Fundamentals of Precision Agriculture
Precision agriculture or precision farming is the targeted application of crop input according to the locally determined crop needs. Therefore, it is the geo-referenced application of crop inputs, whose rates should be those required by the crop. The most essential points of information about the topic being described are: overview; brief history of precision agriculture; theoretical basics of precision agriculture; precision agriculture cycle; geo-referenced measurement of within-field parameters; analysis and interpretation of geo-referenced data for mapping within-field parameters; spatially variable rate application of crop inputs; instruments for precision agriculture; current scenario of precision agriculture; current scenario of precision viticulture; Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and differential correction technique; proximal sensors of within-field soil and crop parameters; remote sensing from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and satellites; devices for setting up and controlling spatially variable rate crop input application; assisted guidance systems of agricultural machines; perspectives of precision agriculture.
  • 767
  • 04 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Liquid–Gas Jet Pump
The liquid–gas jet pump (LGJP) is a kind of fluid conveying machinery and mixing reaction equipment, utilizing high-speed working liquid ejected from the nozzle to transfer energy to pumped gas through momentum exchange.
  • 671
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Gaseous and Liquid Fuel Cook-Stove
Clean and efficient cook-stoves and fuels are essential to address energy demand and ensure safe cooking for billions of people across the globe. Currently, nearly 2651 million people in developing countries (Africa—910 million, Asia—1674 million, Central and South America—57 million, and Middle East—10 million) are without clean cooking facilities.
  • 1.5K
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Crystalline Silicon-Based Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact Solar Cells
Contact selectivity is a key parameter for enhancing and improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of crystalline silicon (c-Si)-based solar cells. Carrier selective contacts (CSC) are the key technology which has the potential to achieve a higher PCE for c-Si-based solar cells closer to their theoretical efficiency limit. A recent and state-of-the-art approach in this domain is the tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) approach, which is completely different from the existing classical heterojunction solar cells. The main and core element of this contact is the tunnel oxide, and its main role is to cut back the minority carrier recombination at the interface. 
  • 469
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Global Resources Management
Global resources management intersects with collaboration and Industry 4.0 paradigms, namely for collaboratively managing cyber-physical systems. Only organizations that cooperate with their business partners, along with their suppliers and remaining stakeholders, including their clients, will be able to permit and promote the much-needed endowing of agility, effectiveness, and efficiency in their management processes. For that, suitable decision-making paradigms, along with underlying approaches, will be needed, in order to properly fulfil current companies’ decision requirements and practices. 
  • 493
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Twin-Related Grain Boundary Engineering and Its Applications
The main idea of grain boundary engineering (GBE) evolves from the concept of “grain boundaries (GBs) design and control” proposed by Watanabe. In addition, after nearly 50 years of development, GBE has emerged as a mature method that can be applied to a variety of metallic materials, such as copper alloys, nickel-based alloys, austenitic stainless steels, and lead alloys.
  • 521
  • 03 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Energy Trading Markets in Smart Grids and Microgrids
Smart cities are aimed at connecting urban infrastructures to enhance the efficiency of their operation and services while taking sustainability goals into consideration. As a result of the intermittency associated with renewable generation, smart city systems such as smart grids and microgrids may not be able to ensure the security of supply. This can be mitigated by allowing these systems to trade surplus energy with other neighboring systems through local energy markets based on peer-to-peer schemes. Such an approach can play an important role on achieving a state of sustainability due to the positive impacts at the economic, social, and environmental level. Moreover, the implementation of local markets for peer-to-peer energy trading has the potential to provide numerous benefits to both participants and utilities, being a promising solution to reduce the reliability problems of microgrids and solve various energy security concerns in remote locations.
  • 883
  • 02 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Ceramic Composites in Aeronautics and Aerospace
The quest for increased performance in the aeronautical and aerospace industries has provided the driving force and motivation for the research, investigation, and development of advanced ceramics. Special emphasis is therefore attributed to the ability of fine ceramics to fulfill an attractive, extreme, and distinguishing combination of application requirements. This research provides an extensive discussion and review of the thermal protection systems (TPS), thermal protection barriers (TBC), and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators, and discusses the concept of multifunctional advanced ceramics for future engineering needs and perspectives.
  • 558
  • 02 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Solar Panel Waste in Pavement Construction
Waste from used solar panels will be a worldwide problem in the near future mainly due to the strong uptake in solar energy and the necessity of disposing solar panel systems at the end–of–life stage, as these materials are hazardous. While new techniques and strategies are often investigated to manage the end–of–life of solar panels effectively, there is huge potential in recycling and reusing solar panel waste as components for alternate products. Numerous studies have been conducted on using alternate materials instead of conventional materials in pavement construction.The findings present opportunities to use different solar panel waste materials such as glass, aluminium (Al), silicon (Si), and polymer waste as potential replacement materials in various types of pavement construction.
  • 505
  • 02 Feb 2023
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