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Topic Review
Composite Materials for Structure Strengthening and Resilience Improvement
Advanced composite materials have excellent performance and broad engineering application prospects, and have received widespread attention. Advanced composite materials can mainly be divided into fiber-reinforced composite materials, laminated composite materials, matrix composite materials, and other composite materials. 
  • 352
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Rail Surface Defect Detection
As an important component of the railway system, the surface damage that occurs on the rails due to daily operations can pose significant safety hazards. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, deep-learning-based algorithms, specifically supervised learning-based defect detection algorithms, are being widely applied in rail surface defect detection.
  • 187
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Origin-Destination Estimation
The origin–destination matrix (OD matrix) reflects the expected movement intensity of road users, where each element is the number of trips between the two traffic analysis zones (TAZs). It can represent the traffic demand over different time scales, from hours to years, corresponding to the dynamic and static OD inference problem, respectively. In the short term, it can be applied both as the initial input to the simulator and to boost the precision of short-term traffic flow forecasts. In the long term, the OD matrix provides the details on the average daily mobility needs of city’s inhabitants and can help assess the urban layout’s rationality and plan future infrastructure development.
  • 200
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Physics of Riblets
Continuous evolution in nature has created optimum solutions for creature survival that have inspired many innovative engineering designs. Riblet geometries, passive flow control devices, have been studied, which were inspired by the skin of fast-swimming sharks. Turbulent boundary layer research reveals the positive effect of riblets in reducing drag by manipulating turbulent structures. 
  • 313
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems
The secure and dependable functioning of pipeline infrastructure systems is pivotal for transporting vital energy resources during this transition era towards a more sustainable energy future. The importance of pipeline risk management in ensuring the secure and dependable transportation of crucial resources has attracted considerable attention. 
  • 210
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Thermochemical Technologies for Olive Wood Biomass Energy Exploitation
The use of biomass can be a strategic way to realize a carbon-neutral energy plan, ensuring a fuel feedstock. Residual biomass arising from pruning is demonstrated to be an important energy resource in terms of quantity and quality.
  • 188
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Fast Data Acquisition Systems
Data acquisition is the process by which physical phenomena from the real world are transformed into electrical signals that are measured and converted into a digital format for processing, analysis, and storage by a computer. In a large majority of applications, the data acquisition (DAQ) system is designed not only to acquire data but to act on it as well. In defining DAQ systems, it is, therefore, useful to extend this definition to include the control aspects of the total system. A DAQ system is comprised of a computer running specialized software and several data acquisition cards and/or instruments (from now on jointly referred to as DAQ devices). Data acquisition (DAQ) systems are intensively used in laboratory research, industrial facilities, aviation, automotive, etc. The applications include test and measurement, automation, etc.
  • 1.1K
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Soil–Structure Interaction in Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls
Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls are recognized for their cost-effectiveness and superior performance as earth-retaining structures. The integration of internally reinforced walls has transformed soil preservation practices, garnering significant attention from the global technical community. The construction method of MSE walls has recently gained widespread popularity, likely due to its cost efficiency and simplicity compared to traditional externally reinforced walls.
  • 161
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Factors Influence Designing of Sophomore Circuits Courses
Electrical engineering introductory circuit courses are the first context in which students are exposed to simple, steady-state, or direct current (DC) to complex, transient, or alternating current (AC) circuit theory and concepts. While students are usually taught basic circuit concepts in physics classes, introductory classes tend to go into more depth, as these classes form the basis for a specialization in electrical engineering. 
  • 223
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Electroencephalogram-Based Brain–Computer Interface System
Researchers have discovered that brain–computer interface (BCI) techniques can improve communication between the brain and computer by decoding brain neural signals. There have been several attempts to investigate the application of BCI, but motor imagery (MI) has received the most attention since it causes the motor cortex to respond when a person mentally models a specific movement of limbs without activating their muscles.
  • 227
  • 20 Oct 2023
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