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Asha, L.N.; Huang, Y.; Yodo, N.; Liao, H. Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50625 (accessed on 07 July 2024).
Asha LN, Huang Y, Yodo N, Liao H. Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50625. Accessed July 07, 2024.
Asha, Labiba Noshin, Ying Huang, Nita Yodo, Haitao Liao. "Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50625 (accessed July 07, 2024).
Asha, L.N., Huang, Y., Yodo, N., & Liao, H. (2023, October 20). Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/50625
Asha, Labiba Noshin, et al. "Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems." Encyclopedia. Web. 20 October, 2023.
Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems
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This entry is adapted from the peer-reviewed paper 10.3390/su151914229

The secure and dependable functioning of pipeline infrastructure systems is pivotal for transporting vital energy resources during this transition era towards a more sustainable energy future. The importance of pipeline risk management in ensuring the secure and dependable transportation of crucial resources has attracted considerable attention. 

energy pipeline infrastructure risk sustainability

1. Introduction

In an era driven by rapid technological advancements and ever-increasing demand for energy resources, pipeline infrastructure systems play a pivotal role in facilitating the transportation of crucial commodities, such as oil and gas, by connecting producing areas to refineries, chemical plants, consumers, and other business areas [1]. While these pipeline systems form the lifeline of modern societies, they also face a myriad of challenges, ranging from natural disasters [2] and mechanical failures [3] to human-induced incidents and security threats [1][4]. To ensure the robustness and sustainability of pipeline infrastructures, a comprehensive understanding of sustainability risk has become an imperative part of pipeline operations and maintenance policies [5].
The importance of pipeline risk management in ensuring the secure and dependable transportation of crucial resources has attracted considerable attention. Kraidi et al. (2021) crafted a risk management strategy, examined risk factors, and assessed risk mitigation methods in oil and gas pipelines [6]. Additionally, studies, such as those introducing intelligent control strategies for multiphase pipelines in oilfields [7], underscore the significance of enhancing operational efficiency and safety, aligning with the broader trend of developing smart pipelines through data analysis and automated systems. These efforts collectively contribute to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of critical energy infrastructures. The integration of risk assessment, mitigation, and response strategies into pipeline operations is essential for preventing incidents and minimizing their impact. Risk is characterized by the combination of scenarios, frequency, and potential negative outcomes of events [8]. Risk assessment planning is critical for effectively managing pipeline data. Conducting comprehensive risk assessments helps identify potential hazards and vulnerabilities, which enables stakeholders to prioritize and implement targeted risk mitigation strategies [9]. This ensures the protection of the environment, enhances public safety, and optimizes resource allocation.
Over time, risk assessment methodologies have advanced to encompass diverse risk dimensions. In the transitional phase towards a more sustainable energy future, there arises a necessity to shift from conventional risk management frameworks to those that encompass a broader spectrum of sustainability considerations. Indeed, incorporating sustainable approaches into risk assessment ensures that the energy infrastructure is designed and operated in an environmentally responsible and socially equitable manner, along with economic significance. A comprehensive framework was introduced by Mahmood et al. (2023) to integrate social, environmental, and economic dimensions into risk, reliability, and resilience analysis with a goal of fostering sustainable pipeline infrastructure [10]. Furthermore, incorporating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into risk management practices is paramount, ensuring that risk mitigation aligns harmoniously with broader societal objectives [11]. This heightened emphasis on integrating sustainability principles is driven by the growing recognition of the intricate interplay between environmental, social, and economic dimensions within risk management processes and underscores the alignment with the United Nations SDGs [12].

2. Sustainability Risk Assessment in Pipeline Infrastructure Systems

The energy distribution infrastructure in the United States (US) comprises an extensive network of pipelines spanning more than 2.5 million miles [13]. Thus, a meticulously managed and well-protected pipeline network guarantees the uninterrupted flow of energy resources, mitigating the potential for supply disruptions, which is crucial for pipeline infrastructure. Numerous significant accidents bear witness to the magnitude of major explosions and hazardous toxic releases, imposing severe economic and environmental repercussions [14]. These incidents underscore the critical need for robust safety measures and risk management strategies within the realm of pipeline systems to prevent and mitigate such detrimental impacts.
According to Girgin and Krausmann (2016), analyzing historical incident data can unveil the fundamental triggers, failure modes, associated outcomes, and statistical trends of these significant disruptions [2]. Concentrating on natural hazard triggers, this research analyzed incidents involving onshore hazardous liquid pipelines. This historical analysis allowed a better understanding of incident mechanisms and helped the preparation of prevention and mitigation measures. Sovacool (2008) conducts an introductory assessment of societal and economic impacts linked to major energy-related accidents occurring between 1907 and 2007, highlighting the noteworthy aspects of fatalities, property damage, and frequency of occurrence [15]. In their study, Biezma et al. (2020) gathered the ten deadliest events in the history of oil and pipeline accidents to investigate the underlying factors in order to elevate the safety and advancement of the oil and gas pipeline transportation network [16]. Ramírez-Camacho et al. (2017) highlighted through a retrospective examination of 1063 onshore pipeline accidents the potential hazards of accidental containment and substantial consequences for populated areas, impacting people, equipment, and the environment [17]. The study by Restrepo et al. (2009) examined the causes and costs of accidents in US hazardous liquid pipelines, employing regression modeling to assess financial repercussions and offer insights to industry leaders for managing risks and allocating resources [18]. Similarly, Siler-Evans et al. (2014) examined US natural gas and hazardous liquid pipeline accidents, revealing decreased fatalities and injuries and increased property damage over time [19].
Various scholarly works have explored diverse aspects of quantitative risk analysis. Han and Weng (2010) introduced a comprehensive quantitative approach to assess risk within pipeline networks, encompassing probabilistic accident assessment, consequence analysis, and risk evaluation [20]. Probabilistic and deterministic approaches to pipeline corrosion risk assessment were compared by Lawson (2005), with an emphasis on the benefits of the probabilistic method in handling uncertainties and potentially optimizing risk management [21]. Risk analysis methodologies in pipeline applications often extend to include structural reliability assessment, data analysis, and decision-making tools to enhance the robustness of pipeline systems [22]. Some of the most recent developments in risk assessment of pipeline infrastructure are as follows. Li et al. (2022) proposed a risk assessment framework that considers uncertainty for corrosion-induced pipeline accidents as a pair of limit state functions and was solved by the Monte Carlo approach [23]. He et al. (2023) employed a quantitative risk assessment method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) for a hot work pipeline infrastructure [24]. Liang et al. (2023) developed a risk assessment model for cascading failures that includes the calculation of the probability and severity of the cascading failure chain [25]. Additionally, quantitative risk models [10], such as hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis [26], failure mode, effects, and critical analysis (FEMA/FMECA) [27], fault tree analysis (FTA) [28], bowtie analysis [29], or the Bayesian network-based approach [30], have been proposed and employed as risk assessment approaches in pipeline applications.
To complement the risk assessment efforts, several existing sustainability assessment frameworks and indices, such as United Nations SGDs, Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Ratings, provide overviews of sustainability performance across various dimensions. These frameworks help organizations, governments, and stakeholders associated with the pipeline infrastructure systems to assess their sustainability efforts and make informed decisions. The United Nations SDGs are a set of 17 global goals adopted by United Nations member states to address social, economic, and environmental challenges, covering areas such as poverty, health, education, clean energy, climate action, and more [31]. The GRI offers organizations guidelines and metrics to report sustainability performance, facilitating stakeholders to comprehend sustainability impacts and commitments [32]. ESG Ratings are often employed to measure the impact of sustainable investments, with a typical score ranging from 0 to 100, and a score of 70 and above being considered good [33]. While these are valuable frameworks for measuring sustainability and assessing the social, environmental, and ethical performances of organizations, they are not typically used as direct tools for measuring sustainability risk.

References

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  2. Girgin, S.; Krausmann, E. Historical analysis of U.S. onshore hazardous liquid pipeline accidents triggered by natural hazards. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 2016, 40, 578–590.
  3. Rusin, A.; Stolecka-Antczak, K.; Kapusta, K.; Rogoziński, K.; Rusin, K. Analysis of the Effects of Failure of a Gas Pipeline Caused by a Mechanical Damage. Energies 2021, 14, 7686.
  4. Paul, L. Oil and Gas Pipeline Cybersecurity. Tex. J. Oil Gas Energy Law 2022, 17, 38.
  5. Afrin, T.; Yadav, O.; Liao, H.; Yodo, N.; Alqarni, A. Artificial Intelligence Condition-based Maintenance towards Oil and Gas Pipeline System Resilience. In Proceedings of the IISE Annual Conference and Expo, New Orleans, LA, USA, 20–23 May 2023; IISE: Peachtree Corners, GA, USA, 2023.
  6. Kraidi, L.; Shah, R.; Matipa, W.; Borthwick, F. An investigation of mitigating the safety and security risks allied with oil and gas pipeline projects. J. Pipeline Sci. Eng. 2021, 1, 349–359.
  7. Wang, H.; Xu, Y.; Shi, B.; Zhu, C.; Wang, Z. Optimization and intelligent control for operation parameters of multiphase mixture transportation pipeline in oilfield: A case study. J. Pipeline Sci. Eng. 2021, 1, 367–378.
  8. Berle, Ø.; Norstad, I.; Asbjørnslett, B.E. Optimization, risk assessment and resilience in LNG transportation systems. Supply Chain. Manag. Int. J. 2013, 18, 253–264.
  9. Khan, F.; Yarveisy, R.; Abbassi, R. Risk-based pipeline integrity management: A road map for the resilient pipelines. J. Pipeline Sci. Eng. 2021, 1, 74–87.
  10. Mahmood, Y.; Afrin, T.; Huang, Y.; Yodo, N. Sustainable Development for Oil and Gas Infrastructure from Risk, Reliability, and Resilience Perspectives. Sustainability 2023, 15, 4953.
  11. Jan, A.A.; Lai, F.W.; Asif, M.; Akhtar, S.; Ullah, S. Embedding sustainability into bank strategy: Implications for sustainable development goals reporting. Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol. 2023, 30, 229–243.
  12. Jan, A.A.; Lai, F.W.; Siddique, J.; Zahid, M.; Ali, S.E.A. A walk of corporate sustainability towards sustainable development: A bibliometric analysis of literature from 2005 to 2021. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2023, 30, 36521–36532.
  13. Pipeline Basics. Available online: https://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/PipelineBasics.htm (accessed on 17 August 2023).
  14. Zhu, Y.; Qian, X.M.; Liu, Z.Y.; Huang, P.; Yuan, M.Q. Analysis and assessment of the Qingdao crude oil vapor explosion accident: Lessons learnt. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 2015, 33, 289–303.
  15. Sovacool, B.K. The costs of failure: A preliminary assessment of major energy accidents, 1907–2007. Energy Policy 2008, 36, 1802–1820.
  16. Biezma, M.V.; Andrés, M.A.; Agudo, D.; Briz, E. Most fatal oil & gas pipeline accidents through history: A lessons learned approach. Eng. Fail. Anal. 2020, 110, 104446.
  17. Ramírez-Camacho, J.G.; Carbone, F.; Pastor, E.; Bubbico, R.; Casal, J. Assessing the consequences of pipeline accidents to support land-use planning. Saf. Sci. 2017, 97, 34–42.
  18. Restrepo, C.E.; Simonoff, J.S.; Zimmerman, R. Causes, cost consequences, and risk implications of accidents in US hazardous liquid pipeline infrastructure. Int. J. Crit. Infrastruct. Prot. 2009, 2, 38–50.
  19. Siler-Evans, K.; Hanson, A.; Sunday, C.; Leonard, N.; Tumminello, M. Analysis of pipeline accidents in the United States from 1968 to 2009. Int. J. Crit. Infrastruct. Prot. 2014, 7, 257–269.
  20. Han, Z.Y.; Weng, W.G. An integrated quantitative risk analysis method for natural gas pipeline network. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 2010, 23, 428–436.
  21. Lawson, K. Pipeline corrosion risk analysis—An assessment of deterministic and probabilistic methods. Anti-Corros. Methods Mater. 2005, 52, 3–10.
  22. Steenbergen, R.D.; van Gelder, P.H.A.J.M.; Miraglia, S.; Vrouwenvelder, A.C.W.M. (Eds.) Safety, Reliability and Risk Analysis: Beyond the Horizon; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2013.
  23. Li, X.; Wang, J.; Abbassi, R.; Chen, G. A risk assessment framework considering uncertainty for corrosion-induced natural gas pipeline accidents. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 2022, 75, 104718.
  24. He, S.; Xu, H.; Zhang, J.; Xue, P. Risk assessment of oil and gas pipelines hot work based on AHP-FCE. Petroleum 2023, 9, 94–100.
  25. Liang, W.; Lin, S.; Liu, M.; Sheng, X.; Pan, Y.; Liu, Y. Risk assessment for cascading failures in regional integrated energy system considering the pipeline dynamics. Energy 2023, 270, 126898.
  26. Marhavilas, P.K.; Filippidis, M.; Koulinas, G.K.; Koulouriotis, D.E. An expanded HAZOP-study with fuzzy-AHP (XPA-HAZOP technique): Application in a sour crude-oil processing plant. Saf. Sci. 2020, 124, 104590.
  27. Chakhrit, A.; Chennoufi, M. Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis improvement by using new criticality assessment and prioritization based approach. J. Eng. Des. Technol. 2021.
  28. Badida, P.; Balasubramaniam, Y.; Jayaprakash, J. Risk evaluation of oil and natural gas pipelines due to natural hazards using fuzzy fault tree analysis. J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 2019, 66, 284–292.
  29. Shahriar, A.; Sadiq, R.; Tesfamariam, S. Risk analysis for oil & gas pipelines: A sustainability assessment approach using fuzzy based bow-tie analysis. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 2012, 25, 505–523.
  30. Yu, Q.; Hou, L.; Li, Y.; Chai, C.; Yang, K.; Liu, J. Pipeline Failure Assessment Based on Fuzzy Bayesian Network and AHP. J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. Pract. 2023, 14, 04022059.
  31. Burton, I. Report on reports: Our common future: The world commission on environment and development. Environ. Sci. Policy Sustain. Dev. 1987, 29, 25–29.
  32. Global Initiative Reporting (GRI) Standard. GRI 11: Oil and Gas Sector 2021; GRI Secretariat: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2022.
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Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Contributors MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
Labiba Noshin Asha
,
Ying Huang
,
Nita Yodo
,
Haitao Liao
View Times: 211
Revisions: 2 times (View History)
Update Date: 23 Oct 2023
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