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Topic Review
List of Pilot Boats
This list of pilot boats is a list of notable pilot boats for New York, New Jersey, and Boston, Massachusetts. Pilot boats with the same ship numbers are organized by date and location.
  • 769
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Business Incubators, Accelerators, and Performance of Technology-Based Ventures
Considering the turbulence existent in the entrepreneurial process of creation, survival, the management of new technology based ventures, and the increasingly important role played by both business incubators (BI) and business accelerators (BA), there is a need to better understand the portfolio of services supplied by this type of support structures and the needs of the companies that demand for a set of diversified services, which are not easily represented and typified in the reference literature.
  • 768
  • 01 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Computer Vision-Based Structural Deformation Monitoring in Field Environments
Computer vision-based structural deformation monitoring techniques were studied in a large number of applications in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM). Numerous laboratory tests and short-term field applications contributed to the formation of the basic framework of computer vision deformation monitoring systems towards developing long-term stable monitoring in field environments.
  • 768
  • 08 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Road Traffic Noise Wall Design
Despite the long-term experience in the application of noise walls, the uncertainty in wall panel service life efficiency is almost equal between panels built from established and new materials, which are—because of the desire to increase the sustainability of noise walls—developing at an ever-faster pace. The presented meta-analysis of data collected during a systematic review of concrete, metal, and wood panels’ acoustic and non-acoustic characteristics, long term performance, and cradle-to-gate sustainability aims to reduce this uncertainty and support the process of noise wall design and management by shifting the emphasis in decision making from construction costs to the long-term sustainability of the road traffic noise mitigation project. The multi-criterial analysis showed that when choosing a panel, preference should be given to those using lightweight concrete materials. 
  • 768
  • 19 Jan 2021
Topic Review
COVID-19 Biomarkers and Point-of-Care Diagnosis
COVID-19, also known as SARS-CoV-2 is a novel, respiratory virus currently plaguing humanity. Genetically, at its core, it is a single-strand positive-sense RNA virus. It is a beta-type Coronavirus and is distinct in its structure and binding mechanism compared to other types of coronaviruses. Testing for the virus remains a challenge due to the small market available for at-home detection. Currently, there are three main types of tests for biomarker detection: viral, antigen and antibody. Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard for viral testing. However, the lack of quantitative detection and turnaround time for results are drawbacks. This manuscript focuses on recent advances in COVID-19 detection that have lower limits of detection and faster response times than RT-PCR testing. The advancements in sensing platforms have amplified the detection levels and provided real-time results for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection with limits as low as 1 fg/mL in the Graphene Field Effect Transistor (FET) sensor. Additionally, using multiple biomarkers, detection levels can achieve a specificity and sensitivity level comparable to that of PCR testing. Proper biomarker selection coupled with nano sensing detection platforms are key in the widespread use of Point of Care (POC) diagnosis in COVID-19 detection.
  • 768
  • 06 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Ultra-Dense Networks Taxonomy
Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) is a network with a spatial density of access points (APs) (or base stations) identical to or larger than the number of active end devices—EDs (user equipments (UEs) or physical devices (PDs)). UDNs can be seen as a network paradigm which can be implemented in the context of various kinds of wireless networks, such as sensor/IoT (Internet of Things) networks, mobile networks, aerial networks, and even satellite networks. 
  • 768
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Sol–Gel Processing of Corrosion Barrier Coatings
The sol–gel method produces glass and ceramic materials at lower temperatures than the corresponding products molded by melting. This method uses alkoxides, water, catalyst, and solvent. Depending on the relationship between alkoxide/water and the kind of catalyst, one can obtain a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional network where one takes fibers, thin films, or bulk materials. Some years ago, scientists attempted to produce coatings on metals to protect against corrosion.
  • 767
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Collaborative Learning
Collaborative learning is an exchange of ideas that enables and improves the interaction between two students (student–student) coping with the learning material on a network. When somebody imagine individuals seemingly completely focused on the screens and keyboards of their devices, people most frequently have a preconception that they are using those learning devices by themselves. However, such images of individual learning accompanied by electronic tools frequently do not reflect the hidden reality. In reality, students often use their computers to interact with others, and it is frequently their peers whom they interact with. These ideas arise from learning technology known as collaborative learning. Collaborative learning principles arise from a well-established approach to education, have a specific meaning and are specifically applied in practice.
  • 767
  • 01 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Geometrical Design of Lattices in Additive Manufacturing
Additive manufacturing (AM, also known as 3D printing) is an advanced manufacturing technique that has enabled progress in the design and fabrication of customised or patient-specific (meta-)biomaterials and biomedical devices (e.g., implants, prosthetics, and orthotics) with complex internal microstructures and tuneable properties. Several design guidelines have been proposed for creating porous lattice structures, particularly for biomedical applications.
  • 767
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Boiling Water Reactor
A boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power. It is the second most common type of electricity-generating nuclear reactor after the pressurized water reactor (PWR), which is also a type of light water nuclear reactor. The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine. In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil. This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure system, which turns water into steam that drives the turbine. The BWR was developed by the Argonne National Laboratory and General Electric (GE) in the mid-1950s. The main present manufacturer is GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, which specializes in the design and construction of this type of reactor.
  • 767
  • 24 Nov 2022
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