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Topic Review
VEGF/VEGFR in tumour anti-angiogenic therapy
It is now known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) play a pivotal role in angiogenesis process. Nowadays, the use of inhibitors of angiogenesis promoting factors is a powerful tool in anticancer combination therapeutic strategies, especially in cancer anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT).
  • 799
  • 19 Apr 2021
Topic Review
VEGF
VEGF-A (also called VEGF) is a member of the mammalian platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) supergene family which also includes VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and placental growth factor (PlGF).
  • 728
  • 05 May 2021
Topic Review
Vegetarian Diets and Chronic Kidney Disease Complications
A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that higher consumption of plant-based foods and the nutrients found in vegetarian and plant-based diets are associated with numerous health benefits, including improved blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid levels, body mass index, and acid–base parameters. Furthermore, there has been increasing recognition that vegetarian and plant-based diets may have potential salutary benefits in preventing the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). While increasing evidence shows that vegetarian and plant-based diets have nephroprotective effects, there remains some degree of uncertainty about their nutritional adequacy and safety in CKD (with respect to protein-energy wasting, hyperkalemia, etc.). 
  • 461
  • 06 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Vegetal-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality today. Knowledge of its pathogenesis has made it possible to advance the development of different therapeutic strategies. However, the appearance of drug resistance constitutes one of the main causes of treatment failure. Bioactive compounds of vegetable origin are being studied as a new strategy to improve antitumor treatment, due to their ability to regulate the pathways involved in the development of carcinogenesis or processes that are decisive in its evolution, including multidrug resistance. In vitro and in vivo studies of these substances in combination with cytotoxic drugs have shown that they reduce resistance and increase therapeutic efficacy. 
  • 208
  • 02 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Vegetable Extracts for Helicobacter pylori
Vegetable extracts (Broccoli sprouts, curcumin, Burdock complex, and Nigella sativa) and micronutrients (vitamin C and E) were not found to be as effective as single agents in H. pylori eradication, rather their efficacy synergized with conventional pharmacological therapies. Conversely, GutGard was found to be significantly effective as a single agent when compared to placebo control.
  • 433
  • 17 May 2021
Topic Review
Vegan Diet and Type2 Diabetes
An association between a vegan diet and a reduced risk of total cancer incidence has been demonstrated in large prospective cohort studies, but its impact in diabetes mellitus (DM) is still under debate. As diet and lifestyle are the fundamental pillars of DM prevention and therapy and plant-based diets (PBD) are considered an example of healthful eating patterns and are recommended for individuals with DM, we may also expect some beneficial effects in the case of the vegan diet.
  • 350
  • 19 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Vectors in Gene Therapy for Pulmonary Diseases
Over the past decades, a better understanding of the genetic and molecular alterations underlying several respiratory diseases has encouraged the development of new therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy offers new therapeutic alternatives for inherited and acquired diseases by delivering exogenous genetic materials into cells or tissues to restore physiological protein expression and/or activity.
  • 3.8K
  • 16 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Vectored Antibody Therapies
Cancers represent highly significant health issues and the options for their treatment are often not efficient to cure the disease. Immunotherapy strategies have been developed to modulate the patient’s immune system in order to eradicate cancerous cells. For instance, passive immunization consists in the administration at high doses of exogenously produced monoclonal antibodies directed either against tumor antigen or against immune checkpoint inhibitors. Its main advantage is that it provides immediate immunity, though during a relatively short period, which consequently requires frequent injections. 
  • 420
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Vector-Borne Tularemia
Tularemia is a zoonosis caused by the highly invasive bacterium Francisella tularensis. It is transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals or by vectors, such as ticks, mosquitos, and flies.
  • 374
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Vasovagal Reactions during Interventional Pain Management Procedures
Vasovagal reactions—defined as a rapid drop in heart rate and/or blood pressure, usually in response to a stressful trigger—are a common complication of interventional pain management procedures. Three types of vasovagal responses have been described in the literature: a cardioinhibitory form (HR < 40 bpm), vasodepressor form (SBP < 80 mmHg or decrease by >30% without significant HR reduction), or mixed form (HR < 40 bpm and SBP < 80 mmHg or decrease by >30%). Typical symptoms of a vasovagal reaction are lightheadedness or dizziness, palpitations, weakness, blurred vision, nausea, feelings of warmth or coldness, and sweating. When a vasovagal reaction results in a loss of consciousness, it is termed vasovagal syncope. Although vasovagal reactions are usually benign in nature, they can lead to more serious complications for both patients and providers, such as aborted procedures, cardiac arrythmias, or fear of future procedures. It is thus useful for pain medicine clinicians to identify the risk factors, prevention, and management of vasovagal reactions in an outpatient setting.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Aug 2022
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