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Topic Review
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Women during Pregnancy
It has been shown that women with obesity planning pregnancy should reduce their body weight because obesity is a risk factor for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Bariatric surgery effectively reduces excessive body weight and the health risks in women with obesity during pregnancy and their offspring. However, at least a year interval between surgery and conception is recommended. An interdisciplinary medical team should provide patient care during pregnancy with knowledge and skills related to people after bariatric surgery. Due to the increased risk of mental disorders, especially depression, it is necessary to constantly monitor the mental state of women and provide psychological support and education on a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
  • 212
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Neoantigen Design and Development for Personalized Cancer Vaccines
Neoantigens, also known as tumor-specific antigens, are novel antigens originating from tumor-specific alterations such as genomic mutations, dysregulated RNA splicing, and post-translational modifications. Neoantigens, recognized as non-self entities, trigger immune responses that evade central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. With the notable strides in cancer genomics facilitated by next-generation sequencing technologies, neoantigens have emerged as a promising avenue for tumor-specific immunotherapy grounded in genomic profiling-based precision medicine. 
  • 493
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Effects of Dietary Fat on Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of global mortality, and is considered one of diseases with the most rapid growth rate in China. Dietary fat is one of the three primary nutrients of consumption; however, high fat dietary in causing CVD has been neglected in some official dietary guidelines.
  • 253
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
ADHD, Binge Eating Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impulsiveness, inattention, restlessness, and hyperactivity. This classification is provided because onset occurs in early childhood before age 12 and is characterized by developmental deficits inconsistent with or excessive for developmental level or age.
  • 226
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Probiotics and Probiotic-like Agents against Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis
Cancer chemotherapy has allowed many patients to survive, but not without risks derived from its adverse effects. Drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, methotrexate, and others, as well as different drug combinations trigger intestinal mucositis that may cause or contribute to anorexia, pain, diarrhea, weight loss, systemic infections, and even death. Dysbiosis is a hallmark of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea, and, therefore, strategies aimed at modulating intestinal microbiota may be useful to counteract and prevent those dreadful effects.
  • 456
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse is a chronic disease resulting from a weakening of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the pelvic organs.
  • 361
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Mechanisms of Berberine’s Neuroprotection
Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid natural product, is isolated primarily from Coptis chinensis and other Berberis plants. BBR possesses various bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anticancer, immune-regulation, and antimicrobial activities. Growing scientific evidence underscores BBR’s substantial neuroprotective potential, prompting increased interest and scrutiny.
  • 196
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Management of Large-Core Infarct Ischemic Stroke
The volume of infarcted tissue in patients with ischemic stroke is consistently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Initial studies of endovascular thrombectomy for large-vessel occlusion excluded patients with established large-core infarcts, even when large volumes of salvageable brain tissue were present, due to the high risk of hemorrhagic transformation and reperfusion injury. 
  • 225
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Innate Immunity in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease during Pregnancy
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorder clinically presented as Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD). The pathogenesis of AITD is caused by an inappropriate immune response related to genetic, non-genetic, and environmental factors. Pregnancy is one of the factors that have a great influence on the function of the thyroid gland because of the increased metabolic demand and the effects of hormones related to pregnancy. During pregnancy, an adaptation of the maternal immune system occurs, especially of the innate immune system engaged in maintaining adaptive immunity in the tolerant state, preventing the rejection of the fetus. Pregnancy-related hormonal changes (estrogen, progesterone, hCG) may modulate the activity of innate immune cells, potentially worsening the course of AITD during pregnancy. This especially applies to NK cells, which are associated with exacerbation of HD and GD. On the other hand, previous thyroid disorders can affect fertility and cause adverse outcomes of pregnancy, such as placental abruption, spontaneous abortion, and premature delivery. Additionally, it can cause fetal growth retardation and may contribute to impaired neuropsychological development of the fetus.
  • 313
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Endometrial Cancer
The landscape of diagnosing and treating endometrial cancer is undergoing a profound transformation due to the integration of molecular analysis and innovative therapeutic approaches. Tailoring treatments based on specific biomarkers has evolved into a standard practice in both initial and recurrent therapy protocols. Diverse biological abnormal changes in pathways have been discerned in EC cells. This has prompted the active development of novel therapeutic drugs and biomarkers, including immunomodulation inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), to address these anomalies.
  • 140
  • 25 Oct 2023
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