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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Timing of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, where ~50% of patients develop metastasis, despite current improved management. Genomic characterisation of metastatic CRC, and elucidating the effects of therapy on the metastatic process, are essential to help guide precision medicine. Multi-region whole-exome sequencing was performed on 191 sampled tumour regions of patient-matched therapy-naïve and treated CRC primary tumours (n = 92 tumour regions) and metastases (n = 99 tumour regions), in 30 patients. Somatic variants were analysed to define the origin, composition, and timing of seeding in the metastatic progression of therapy-naïve and treated metastatic CRC. High concordance, with few genomic differences, was observed between primary CRC and metastases. Most cases supported a late dissemination model, via either monoclonal or polyclonal seeding. Polyclonal seeding appeared more common in therapy-naïve metastases than in treated metastases. Whereby, treatment prompted for the selection of distinct resistant clones, through monoclonal seeding to distant metastatic sites. Overall, this study reinforces the importance of early clinical detection and surgical excision of the CRC tumour, whilst further highlighting the clinical challenges for metastatic CRC with increased intratumour heterogeneity (either due to early dissemination or polyclonal metastatic spread) and the underlying risk of future therapeutic resistance in treated patients.
  • 536
  • 20 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Timely Palliative Care for Patients with Cancer
Timely palliative care is a systematic process to identify patients with high supportive care needs and to refer these individuals to specialist palliative care in a timely manner based on standardized referral criteria.
  • 411
  • 01 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Yellow Fever
This is a timeline of yellow fever. Major events such as historical epidemics and medical developments are described.
  • 575
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Typhus
This is a timeline of typhus, describing major events such as epidemics and key medical developments.
  • 568
  • 09 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Typhoid Fever
This is a Timeline of typhoid fever, describing major events such as scientific/medical developments and notable epidemics.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Tuberculosis
This is a timeline of tuberculosis, describing especially major discoveries, advances in treatment and major organizations.
  • 675
  • 23 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of the SARS Outbreak
The following is a timeline of the 2002–04 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
  • 762
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Stroke
This is a timeline of stroke, describing especially major discoveries, developments and organizations concerning the disease.
  • 492
  • 08 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Poliomyelitis
This is a timeline of poliomyelitis, describing major events, such as vaccine releases, historic epidemics, and major organizations.
  • 203
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Timeline of Polio
This is a timeline of polio, describing major events, such as vaccine releases, historic epidemics, and major organizations.
  • 343
  • 24 Nov 2022
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