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Topic Review
Oncology Vaccines
Oncology vaccines represent a breakthrough in oncology, using the principles of immunotherapy to stimulate the body's immune system to fight cancer, providing a more targeted approach with fewer side effects than traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
  • 286
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Biomarkers in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Clinically useful biomarkers of SIRS (neutrophil extracellular traps, cell-free DNA, DAMP, TREMs, NGAL, miRNA, selected cytokines, ROS, and recognised markers of endothelial damage from the group of adhesins by means of immunohistochemical techniques) related to the neutrophils are presented, and their role in the diagnosing and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19 is emphasised.
  • 238
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pediatric Patient Education on Oral Chemotherapy at Home
Oral chemotherapy (OC) has been increasingly used in pediatric patients diagnosed with cancer, which is primarily managed in the outpatient setting. Different from adults, pediatric patients face unique challenges in administering these hazardous medications at home. Because of the complexity of pediatric pharmaceutical care and the hazardous nature of chemotherapy agents, comprehensive patient education is imperative to mitigate the potential safety risks associated with OC administration at home. Pharmacists play a vital role in patient education and medication consultations. 
  • 269
  • 27 Oct 2023
Topic Review
MiRNAs in the Immune Dysregulation of Preeclampsia
The main complications causing practically 75% of all maternal deaths are severe bleeding, infections, and high blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia (PE) and eclampsia). The usefulness of ncRNAs as clinical biomarkers has been explored in an extensive range of human diseases including pregnancy-related diseases such as PE. Immunological dysregulation show that the Th1/17:Th2/Treg ratio is “central and causal” to PE. However, there is evidence of the involvement of placenta-expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs in the immunological regulation of crucial processes of placenta development and function during pregnancy. Abnormal expression of these molecules is related to immune physiopathological processes that occur in PE. 
  • 254
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Gene Variants in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a steatotic (or fatty) liver occurring as a consequence of a combination of metabolic, environmental, and genetic factors, in the absence of significant alcohol consumption and other liver diseases. Many liver disease-related gene variants have been identified from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • 163
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Cannabis as Drug
Various effects of cannabis have been reported, some of which are positive and some negative. Cannabis is one of the most popular drugs of the 21st century, especially among adolescents and young adults. Research shows that cannabis may have positive effects on symptoms associated with neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic pain.  For example, cannabis-based medication can improve subjective alleviation of MS symptoms and improve appetite and sleep. As the brain continues to develop throughout adolescence, cannabis may influence neuropsychological development and functioning.
  • 204
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pelvic Pain
In female patients, acute pelvic pain can be caused by gynaecological, gastrointestinal, and urinary tract pathologies. Due to the variety of diagnostic possibilities, the correct assessment of these patients may be challenging. The most frequent gynaecological causes of acute pelvic pain in non-pregnant women are pelvic inflammatory disease, ruptured ovarian cysts, ovarian torsion, and degeneration or torsion of uterine leiomyomas. On the other hand, spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and placental disorders are the most frequent gynaecological entities to cause acute pelvic pain in pregnant patients.
  • 238
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Comorbid Sepsis and Cardiogenic Shock
Septic shock management in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) is challenging due to the complex interaction of pathophysiology between vasodilatory and cardiogenic shock, complicating how to optimally deploy fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, and mechanical circulatory support devices.
  • 355
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Gastric Mucosal Atrophy for Predicting Gastric Cancer Risk
Patients suffering from chronic gastritis and developing gastric mucosa atrophy are at increased risk of the development of gastric cancer. The diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a complex procedure involving a detailed history taking, a thorough physical examination and the use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods among which the endoscopy of the upper digestive tract is the cornerstone because it allows the assessment of the topography of gastritis and identification of erosions and areas of intestinal metaplasia with the use of narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy. However, the diagnosis of CAG requires morphological examination of the gastric mucosa.
  • 336
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Diagnosis of Pityriasis Versicolor
Pityriasis versicolor (PV), also known as tinea versicolor, is a mild, non-contagious chronic, superficial fungal skin infection caused by lipid-dependent yeast-like fungus Malassezia. It manifests as poorly to well-demarcated discoloured or light pink scaly patches, usually affecting the trunk and arms. The disease occurs worldwide but is most prevalent in humid and warm tropical regions. PV tends to be more active in summer seasons. 
  • 470
  • 26 Oct 2023
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