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Topic Review
Preceramic Polymers for Additive Manufacturing of Silicate Ceramics
The utilization of preceramic polymers (PCPs) to produce both oxide and non-oxide ceramics has caught significant interest, owing to their exceptional characteristics. Diverse types of polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) synthesized by using various PCPs have demonstrated remarkable characteristics such as exceptional thermal stability, resistance to corrosion and oxidation at elevated temperatures, biocompatibility, and notable dielectric properties, among others. The application of additive manufacturing techniques to produce PDCs opens up new opportunities for manufacturing complex and unconventional ceramic structures with complex designs that might be challenging or impossible to achieve using traditional manufacturing methods. This is particularly advantageous in industries like aerospace, automotive, and electronics. 
  • 237
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
HPMCAS-Based Amorphous Solid Dispersions in Clinic
Therapeutic candidates with low solubility have become increasingly common in pharmaceutical research pipelines. Several techniques such as hot melt extrusion, spray drying, supercritical fluid technology, electrospinning, KinetiSol, etc., have been devised to improve either or both the solubility and dissolution to enhance the bioavailability of these active substances belonging to BCS Class II and IV.
  • 284
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Mitigating Shuttle Effect in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Separators
Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered one of the most promising energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity, high theoretical capacity density, and low cost. However, challenges such as poor conductivity of sulfur (S) elements in active materials, the “shuttle effect” caused by lithium polysulfide, and the growth of lithium dendrites impede the commercial development of Li-S batteries. As a crucial component of the battery, the separator plays a vital role in mitigating the shuttle effect caused by polysulfide. Traditional polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyimide separators are constrained by their inherent limitations, rendering them unsuitable for direct application in lithium–sulfur batteries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel separators. 
  • 320
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride
Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (p-PVC)—widely present in modern and contemporary art collections as objects, clothing and footwear, furniture and upholstery, and housewares and toys—is known to deteriorate very rapidly in museum collections. The tendency of colorless p-PVC-based objects to yellowing-browning in combination with stickiness and cracking are the main issues of this important plastic material, which require the attention of conservation scientists in cooperation with conservators, engineers, curators, and art historians.
  • 1.8K
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Separator Materials for Lithium Sulfur Battery
Lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) have demonstrated to be a promising candidate battery to serve as the next-generation secondary battery, owing to its enhanced theoretical specific energy, economy, and environmental friendliness. Its inferior cyclability, however, which is primarily due to electrode deterioration caused by the lithium polysulfide shuttle effect, is still a major problem for the real industrial usage of LSBs. The optimization of the separator and functional barrier layer is an effective strategy for remedying these issues.
  • 147
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Metallic Glasses
Metallic glasses can be a perfect alternative to conventional crystalline biomaterials (such as 316L stainless steel, Ti or Ti-based alloys, Zr or Zr-based alloys, Co-Cr alloys, etc.) when used as coatings for surgical devices and implants inside the human body. Owing to their outstanding electrocatalytic activity and durability, metallic glasses can be considered prominent candidates for energy-storage and -conversion devices, such as fuel and electrolysis cells, and batteries. Metallic-glass systems are gaining substantial momentum in the micro- and nano-imprinting of optoelectronic devices.
  • 486
  • 19 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Three-Dimensional Printing of Multifunctional Composites
Additive manufacturing, with its wide range of printable materials, and ability to minimize material usage, reduce labor costs, and minimize waste, has sparked a growing enthusiasm among researchers for the production of advanced multifunctional composites. Over the past few decades, our environment has witnessed a significant accumulation of plastic waste, mainly due to human economic activities. Plastic pollution negatively affects the ecosystem and global warming, so our society urgently needs solutions to counteract these effects. Therefore, the closed-loop economy principle is fundamental to reducing the amount of non-biodegradable petroleum-based waste.
  • 203
  • 18 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Room Temperature Gas Sensors Based on 2D MXenes
Owing to their large surface area, two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting nanomaterials have been extensively studied for gas-sensing applications in recent years. In particular, the possibility of operating at room temperature (RT) is desirable for 2D gas sensors because it significantly reduces the power consumption of the sensing device. Furthermore, RT gas sensors are among the first choices for the development of flexible and wearable devices.
  • 230
  • 18 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Techniques for the Analysis of Trace Tin Concentrations
Tin determination allows for the monitoring of pollution and assessment of the impact of human activities on the environment. The determination of tin in the environment is crucial for the protection of human health and ecosystems, and for maintaining sustainability. Tin can be released into the environment from various sources, such as industry, transportation, and electronic waste. The concentration of tin in the environment can be determined by different analytical methods, depending on the form of tin present and the purpose of the analysis. The choice of an appropriate method depends on the type of sample, concentration levels, and the available instrumentation.
  • 163
  • 18 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Protein Delivery
Proteins and peptides are potential therapeutic agents, but their physiochemical properties make their use as drug substances challenging. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymeric networks that can swell and retain high amounts of water or biological fluids without being dissolved. Due to their biocompatibility, their porous structure, which enables the transport of various peptides and proteins, and their protective effect against degradation, hydrogels have gained prominence as ideal carriers for these molecules’ delivery. Particularly, stimuli-responsive hydrogels exhibit physicochemical transitions in response to subtle modifications in the surrounding environment, leading to the controlled release of entrapped proteins or peptides. 
  • 149
  • 18 Dec 2023
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