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Topic Review
Interaction of Water and Solutes
Water plays an important role in chemical and biological processes. The interaction of water and solutes is of great significance for understanding the properties of aqueous solutions or bio-systems.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Interaction of Phosphorus Dendrimers with Pre-Existing Metal Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles are defined as matter that has at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm, and that generally has different properties from its bulk. This is particularly the case for metal nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles (NPs), which have a different color depending on their size and differs from the color of bulk gold, in connection with their surface plasmon resonance. Gold NPs are widely used for diagnostics and therapy. Dendrimers are monodisperse hyperbranched polymers of nanometric size, very different from classical polymers, as they are synthesized step-by-step and not by bulk polymerization reactions. Most dendrimers are synthesized by a divergent process, starting from a multifunctional core, possessing 2 to 8 functions in most cases. Such a divergent process frequently involves two steps. Among the different types of dendrimers, polyphosphorhydrazone (PPH) dendrimers have been chosen.
  • 391
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Intelligent Sensor arrays for Early Detection of Diabetes
At present, it is unquestionable that machine learning (ML) modeling is one of the most promising and powerful tools for the development of diagnosis methods and technologies. It permits the fast cribbage and analysis of huge amounts of data from overwhelmingly complex biological matrices which, applied to diagnostics, can be translated into valuable support technologies that would ease rapid decision-making in early diagnosis and screening programs. It has been seen that one can find a great number of colorimetric and electrochemical sensing methods for the detection of biomarkers related to diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic rethinopathy (DR), including some recent efforts towards the development of sensor-array technologies exploiting or not ML models for the sensing of diverse biomarkers and for diagnose purposes (including DM). 
  • 550
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Intelligent Nanomaterials for Wearable, Stretchable Strain Sensor Applications
Nanostructured materials such as nanowires (NWs), nanoparticles (NPs), nanofibers (NFs), and nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon fibers (CFs), graphite, and graphene (GE) have earned a wide focus in research due to their eminent physical, mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties. In addition, the ease in cost, synthesis of these nanostructures in different morphologies, and further fabrication of devices for an extensive range of applications have made them essential in the field of device fabrication.
  • 387
  • 20 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Integrin-Based Therapeutics in Diseases
Integrins are heterodimeric glycoproteins crucial to the physiology and pathology of many biological functions. As adhesion molecules, they mediate immune cell trafficking, migration, and immunological synapse formation during inflammation and cancer. The recognition of the vital roles of integrins in various diseases revealed their therapeutic potential. 
  • 601
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Integration of CO2 Capture and Utilization
Integrated CO2 capture and utilization aims to capture CO2 from gas streams and other emission sources and convert it into valuable chemicals or energy sources. The key is to find the match between the CO2 separation process and the CO2 utilization process, including the temperature and pressure, etc. CO2 can be captured via physical or chemical absorption depending on the interaction between CO2 and the absorbent. 
  • 473
  • 07 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Insights into the Pharmacological Effects of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are widely occurring secondary metabolites of plants. Currently, there is a trend of article numbers increasing, which focuses on the computer modeling of flavonoid interactions with biological targets. Such studies help to accumulatethe data on lead compounds that can find medicinal implementation, including COVID-19. Flavanonol taxifolin demonstrated wound-healing activity. Luteolin, apigenin, and wogonin, which can be classified as flavones, show induced neutrophil apoptosis and have potential as neutrophil apoptosis-inducing anti-inflammatory, proresolution agents.
  • 662
  • 10 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Insights into Si-Si and Si-H Bond
During the last decades, the search for new methodologies for the synthesis of organosilicon compounds have increased due to the multiple applications in industry, in academy, among other areas. Silicon-hydrogen and silicon-silicon bond activation by d-block metals still represent the most important pathways for obtaining molecular entities that contain, witihin their structures, silane motifs. Although the chemistry of Si-H bond activation is under continue development, Si-Si bonds are poorly characterized and less used and thus, disilanes represent good starting precursors because of their stability towards ambient conditions. The present entry will focus on the physicochemical properties of Si-H and Si-Si bonds, some trends and finally highlighting their impact on the synthesis of metal complexes.
  • 5.5K
  • 15 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Insight on Mercapto-Coumarins
Mercapto (or sulfanyl)-coumarins are heterocycles of great interest in the development of valuable active structures in material and biological domains. They represent a highly exploitable class of compounds that open many possibilities for further chemical transformations.
  • 714
  • 07 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Inorganic Pyrophosphatase Activities Non-Radioactive Assays
Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) is a ubiquitous enzyme that converts pyrophosphate (PPi) to phosphate and, in this way, controls numerous biosynthetic reactions that produce PPi as a byproduct. PPase activity is generally assayed by measuring the product of the hydrolysis reaction, phosphate. This reaction is reversible, allowing PPi synthesis measurements and making PPase an excellent model enzyme for the study of phosphoanhydride bond formation. 
  • 697
  • 30 Apr 2021
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