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Topic Review
Phase Behavior of Blend Materials
Blend materials refer to two or more polymers are formed by mixing together by physical or chemical methods, such as mixing block copolymers with block copolymers, block copolymers with homopolymers.
  • 573
  • 13 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Wearable Sensors for Wound Infection Biomarkers Detection
Infection represents a major complication that can affect wound healing in any type of wound, especially in chronic ones. There are currently certain limitations to the methods that are used for establishing a clinical diagnosis of wound infection. Thus, new, rapid and easy-to-use strategies for wound infection diagnosis need to be developed. To this aim, wearable sensors for infection diagnosis have been recently developed. These sensors are incorporated into the wound dressings that are used to treat and protect the wound, and are able to detect certain biomarkers that can be correlated with the presence of wound infection. Among these biomarkers, the most commonly used ones are pH and uric acid, but a plethora of others (lactic acid, oxygenation, inflammatory mediators, bacteria metabolites or bacteria) have also been detected using wearable sensors.
  • 573
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Corrosion Mechanisms in Near-Neutral pH Stress Corrosion Cracking
The two major corrosion mechanisms encountered during stress corrosion of carbon steels in a near-neutral pH environment are anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement. Anodic dissolution, also known as metal dissolution, is a process in which the metal is dissolved from the anodic site during corrosion process, and gases are released from the cathodic site and at the metal surface. This in turn reduces the wall strength and may lead to premature pipeline failure. Hydrogen embrittlement can be defined as the reduction of a metal’s tensile strength and ductility due to diffusion of hydrogen atoms into the metal’s crystalline lattices during a corrosion process. It causes premature brittle fracture of normally ductile metals under applied stress usually less than the yield strength of the metal. 
  • 573
  • 06 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Synthesis of Polymers for Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes
The use of nanofiber a filtering medium is well established, and the electrospun nanofiber have several applications such as electrospun fibers for air purification and air filtration media. The different characteristics of nanofibers as morphologies, mechanical and optical properties, thermal stability, electrical conductivity, photocatalytic activity and bioactivity underlie their macromolecular structure and chemical composition. 
  • 573
  • 08 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Advanced Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Engineering Multifunctional Nanostructures
Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) is an industrially scalable technology that enables the engineering of a wide range of metal-based nanomaterials with tailored properties nanoparticles.
  • 573
  • 28 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Ionic Liquid-Based Materials, Biomedical Applications
Ionic liquids (ILs) are being applied in a wide range of areas such as sensors and actuators. The increasing attention devoted to ILs is based on their unique properties and possible combination of different cations and anions, allowing the development of materials with specific functionalities and requirements for applications. In recent years, ILs have also been gaining attention in the biomedical field, where they allow important advances in novel pharmaceutics and medical strategies. 
  • 572
  • 30 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Effects of Cannabinoids
The development of new antibiotics is urgently needed to combat the threat of bacterial resistance. New classes of compounds that have novel properties are urgently needed for the development of effective antimicrobial agents. The extract of Cannabis sativa L. has been used to treat multiple ailments since ancient times. Its bioactivity is largely attributed to the cannabinoids found in its plant. Researchers are searching for new anti-infective agents that can treat various infections. Although its phytocannabinoid ingredients have a wide range of medical benefits beyond the treatment of infections, they are primarily associated to psychotropic effects. Different cannabinoids have been demonstrated to be helpful against harmful bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, combination therapy involving the use of different antibiotics has shown synergism and broad-spectrum activity. 
  • 572
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
FAuNPs on Bacterial Colonization
This work reports the design and development of a green synthesis route for flavonoid-AuNPs (FAuNPs) which were successfully tested in vitro and in vivo against bacterial colonization. 
  • 571
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Optical Properties of OPEs
Oligophenylene ethynylenes, known as OPEs, are a sequence of aromatic rings linked by triple bonds, the properties of which can be modulated by varying the length of the rigid main chain or/and the nature and position of the substituents on the aromatic units. They are luminescent molecules with high quantum yields and can be designed to enter a cell and act as antimicrobial and antiviral compounds, as biocompatible fluorescent probes directed towards target organelles in living cells, as labelling agents, as selective sensors for the detection of fibrillar and prefibrillar amyloid in the proteic field and in a fluorescence turn-on system for the detection of saccharides, as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (due to their capacity to highly induce toxicity after light activation), and as drug delivery systems.
  • 571
  • 08 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Copper Nanocluster and Pollutant Analysis
Copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) with their inherent optical and chemical advantages have gained increasing attention as a kind of novel material that possesses great potential, primarily in the use of contaminants sensing and bio-imaging. With a focus on environmental safety, this article comprehensively reviews the recent advances of Cu NCs in the application of various contaminants, including pesticide residues, heavy metal ions, sulfide ions and nitroaromatics. The common preparation methods and sensing mechanisms are summarized.
  • 571
  • 12 Nov 2021
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