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Topic Review
Breastfeeding on Food Allergies
Breastfeeding is the preferred method of infant feeding and its establishment is one of the primary goals for the infant. Allergic diseases are common in childhood, with increased morbidity. Food allergies are also associated with a strong negative impact on health-related quality of life and is a major public health problem. In addition, maternal exclusion of common allergens during pregnancy and/or lactation suggests that supplementation with regular cow’s milk formula during the first week of life should be avoided. Breast milk contains many active immune factors, such as cytokines, inflammatory mediators, signaling molecules and soluble receptors, which may also reduce the risk of allergic disease.
  • 354
  • 29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Infant growth rate and Obesity in Childhood
There is a clear trend of an increase in childhood obesity risk when infants were exposed to rapid infant growth.
  • 354
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Post-Concussion Syndrome—Epidemiology and Diagnosis Criteria
Head injuries, mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in particular, are a significant concern due to their potential to create long-term health consequences, such as post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). PCS is a sequela of mild TBI, with a prevalence rate of 29–90% among patients who have suffered a head injury.
  • 354
  • 25 Apr 2023
Topic Review
SCD and Genetic Propensity for Dementia beyond Apolipoproteinε4
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been described as a probable early stage of dementia, as it has consistently appeared to precede the onset of objective cognitive impairment. SCD is related to many risk factors, including genetic predisposition for dementia. The Apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 allele, which has been thoroughly studied, seems to explain genetic risk for SCD only partially.
  • 354
  • 14 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Detection of Pancreatic Cancer
The pancreas is a vital organ with exocrine and endocrine functions. Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas caused by alcohol consumption and gallstones. This condition can heighten the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC), a challenging disease with a high mortality rate. Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute significantly to PC development, along with other risk factors. Early detection is crucial for improving PC outcomes. Diagnostic methods, including imagining modalities and tissue biopsy, aid in the detection and analysis of PC. In contrast, liquid biopsy (LB) shows promise in early tumor detection by assessing biomarkers in bodily fluids. Understanding the function of the pancreas, associated diseases, risk factors, and available diagnostic methods is essential for effective management and early PC detection. The current clinical examination of PC is challenging due to its asymptomatic early stages and limitations of highly precise diagnostics. Screening is recommended for high-risk populations and individuals with potential benign tumors. Among various PC screening methods, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test stands out with its high AUC. Compared to other commercial products, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test offers a cost-effective solution for early detection. However, additional diagnostic tests are required for confirmation. Further research, validation, and the development of non-invasive screening methods and standardized scoring systems are crucial to enhance PC detection and improve patient outcomes. This review outlines the context of pancreatic cancer and the challenges for early detection.
  • 354
  • 11 Oct 2023
Topic Review
The Prognostic Importance of ctDNA in Rectal Cancer
An individualized treatment approach is necessary to improve survival and quality of life in rectal cancer. Tools to stratify patients are currently missing. Circulating tumor DNA seems to be a good candidate, but results are sparse, conflicting and characterized by lack of a uniform approach. The ctDNA status may be of importance to the long-term prognosis, but the area of research is new and is short of dedicated studies. There is an obvious need for standardization in ctDNA research, and the issue should be addressed in future research. 
  • 353
  • 25 May 2022
Topic Review
COVID and Gender in Asia-Pacific Region
The COVID-19 pandemic has been the largest infectious disease epidemic to affect the human race since the great influenza pandemic of 1918-19 and is close to approaching the number of deaths from the earlier epidemic. The data on COVID-19 shows that the rate of clinical cases is about 10% greater in females than males in Asia. The number of deaths is greater in males than in females. Women are more likely to experience the psychological effects of COVID-19 during and after acute infections.
  • 353
  • 28 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Fluorescence-Based Portable Device in Healthcare Applications
The current global healthcare crisis underpins the importance of point-of-care technologies to provide a cost-effective solution to address the unmet healthcare needs. With a focus on providing rapid detection, POC devices are pivotal in containing disease, particularly those that are highly infectious. Additionally, the availability of POC devices will save time, cost, and travel for patients, particularly those who require frequent testing. This will also increase access to medical care for the underserved population. Overall, POC devices promise to alleviate the tradeoff between high cost and poor accessibility of testing, which makes them a robust solution.
  • 353
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Biomacromolecules for Wound Dressings
Biomacromolecules are particularly promising for the fabrication of novel, more effective antimicrobial wound dressings.
  • 353
  • 31 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Human behaviour affected by COVID-19 lockdown
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome which is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Many governments around the world implemented a ‘lockdown’ strategy to manage and attempt to lower the number of new COVID-19 infections. There was a blanket prohibition on all mass gatherings, regardless of their nature. Numerous other restrictions were also imposed, including but not limited to the closure of public spaces such as restaurants, playgrounds and parks, and shopping centers, as well as an implementation of distance learning, mandatory quarantine for travelers entering the country, and limitations on the number of people that were allowed to go out from each household. 
  • 352
  • 17 Jan 2022
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