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Topic Review
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Meconium Microbiota
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. Microbial organisms within the gut—the “gut microbiome”—might contribute to metabolic diseases, including GDM.
  • 474
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Association between NAFLD and Infectious Diseases
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease, affecting one third of the Western population. The hallmark of the disease is excessive storage of fat in the liver. Most commonly, it is caused by metabolic syndrome (or one of its components).
  • 475
  • 23 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Colorectal Cancer
The advent of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) provides a quantitative means to study the relationship between the pro-inflammatory diet and CRC. It allows the assessment of the inflammatory potential of individual food items using an FFQ, by which a DII score can be calculated. A higher DII score suggests a stronger inflammatory potential of a food item. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was extensively used to examine the inflammatory potential of diet related to colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • 473
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
IT-Driven Patient Agility and Digital Transformation
Modern hospitals are on the brink of a monumental change. They are currently exploring their options to digitally transform their clinical procedures and overall patient engagement. This work thoroughly investigates how hospital departments in the Netherlands can simultaneously leverage their strategic exploration of new IT resources and practices and exploit their current IT practices, i.e., IT ambidexterity, to drive digital transformation.
  • 473
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Simulation-Based Education in Trauma Management
Trauma injuries are an important healthcare problem and one of the main leading causes of death worldwide. Researchers analyzed current practices in teaching trauma management using simulations, with the aim of summarizing them, identifying gaps and providing a critical overview on what has already been achieved.
  • 473
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality
Human comfort is determined based on their comfort level and overall satisfaction with the thermal environments. A stable core body temperature at about 37°C and maintained through a process that called Thermoregulation. In the process, the body would adjust to the thermal surrounding through efferent responses such as sweating or triggering adaptive action to be taken by each individual such as drinking water, having bath or etc. This is done so that are a certain level of comfort is reached in the cognitive process of a human that is called thermal comfort where comfort with surrounding temperature is archived physically, physiologically and psychologically.  Sleep is one of the most important aspects in daily life of a human being. It is classified into a few different stages, mainly Stage N1, N2, N3 and REM. This cycle alternates a few times during the whole sleep. An extreme cold environment would result in disrupted sleep quality as well as extreme hot environment. Thus, evaluating both thermal comfort and sleep quality are equally as important. In investigating thermal comfort with sleep quality, the method of questionnaire evaluation on the comfort of an individual have been the most used, since the thermal comfort considered as an individual perception. However, as the technology advances, other type of assessments are also used in addition to the traditional questionnaire evaluation method.
  • 472
  • 05 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Chorioamnionitis, Inflammation and Neonatal Apnea
Preterm birth is considered when childbirth occurs <37 weeks of gestation and represents an important risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with an average of 15 million preterm births annually and 1.1 millions infants who die from various complications.
  • 472
  • 19 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Arboviral Disease Outbreaks in the Pacific Islands Countries
Arthropod-borne viral (arboviral) diseases are a significant global health problem accounting for >17% of all infectious disease cases and 1 million deaths worldwide annually. Arboviral diseases are infections caused by over 100 viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Reoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Orthomyxoviridae families. These viruses are spread to humans through arthropods, including mosquitos, ticks, and flies.
  • 471
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Epidemiological Investigations on Health Effects in Toner-Manufacturing Workers
Adverse health effects can occur in occupational engagements in various industries, and there have been several reports on the contamination of work environments by long-term exposure to chemicals such as heavy metals and organic solvents. Dust has long caused serious health problems at workplaces such as coal mines, tunnel construction, arc welding, metal grinding, foundries, and quarries.
  • 471
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Management of Advanced Aged Patients with Rib Fractures
Rib fractures are painful and disabling injuries found in chest trauma patients. Elderly patients (age > 60 years old) represent the majority of the victims of major trauma, and rib fractures account for 10% of all trauma admissions. Rib fracture management includes operative and non-operative approaches. Conservative treatment generally consists of satisfactory pain control, respiratory assistance, cough strategies, and deep breathing exercises. Surgical fixation in elderly patients seems to result in better outcomes than conservative treatment in terms of shorter hospitalization time, more favorable pain feedback and reduced associated morbidity. 
  • 470
  • 11 May 2022
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