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Topic Review
Visually Impaired Persons’ Assistance
The development of new solutions to assist blind people is a major research domain having great potential to enhance the daily lives of such people. These innovative solutions aim to augment the perception of the surrounding environment for the blind and severely visually impaired. 
  • 219
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Theoretical Rationale of Fall Prevention Exercise Program
Falls are a major concern in the elderly and walking is an important daily activity in which falls occur, with tripping and slipping being the most frequent causes. Gait biomechanical parameters have been related to the occurrence of falls in the elderly. Moreover, there is evidence that falls can be prevented through exercise programs, which have been shown to be also effective in improving gait biomechanical parameters.
  • 220
  • 29 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Methods for Solving Eye-Tracking Problems
Nowadays, the eye-tracking problem has been tackled in multiple ways that refer to two main approaches: model-based or appearance-based. In the model-based approaches, a geometrical model representing the anatomical structure of the eyeball is commonly used. Among those, there are two subcategories of model-based techniques: corneal-reflection-based methods and shape-based methods.
  • 218
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Efficacy and Enterococcal Consumption
Enterococci are often used in probiotics but can also cause nosocomial infections. As such, enterococcal consumption may have beneficial health effects, but a thorough evaluation of virulence absence and risk of antibiotic resistance spread is needed at the strain level. 
  • 217
  • 23 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Situational Awareness in the Context of Clinical Practice
In the context of clinical practice, situational awareness refers to conscious awareness (knowledge), which is a mental model of a given clinical situation in terms of its elements and the significance of their interrelation. Situational awareness (SA) facilitates clinical reasoning, diagnostic accuracy, and appropriate goal-directed performance, and it enables clinicians to immediately adapt treatment strategies in response to changes in clinical situational actualities and to modify the course of goal-directed activities accordingly. It also helps clinicians prepare future operational plans and procedures based on the projection of situational developments. SA, therefore, is an important prerequisite for safe clinical procedures. 
  • 216
  • 19 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Parental Needs and QoL in Children with Pompe Disease
Pompe disease (PD) is a rare metabolic disorder with progressive neuromuscular consequences that negatively impact a child’s development and quality of life (QoL). Despite an improved prognosis with treatment, the risk for early death due cardiorespiratory crisis remains. Parents not only face physical fatigue and family distress in coping with the child’s special needs but also experience emotions, worries, and unexpressed needs (a “humanistic burden”) that require supportive interventions. 
  • 216
  • 28 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Tax Planning on Tobacco Economy in Europe
Taxes on the consumption of certain products have played a key role in public revenue analysis in European countries. The global market for alternative risk-reduced tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs), nicotine pouches, and snus, has been rapidly growing. As these products are relatively new, there is a lack of consensus among policymakers on how to regulate them, particularly in terms of taxation.
  • 215
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Health Benefits and Detrimental Effects of Wine Consumption
Wine contains a large quantity of several phenolic compounds and this distinguishes it from other alcoholic beverages, while several microbiota metabolites that are formed after wine consumption by digestion of all wine polyphenols (except stilbenes), further increase the diversity of bioactive phenolic compounds.
  • 215
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Health Challenges of Military Personnel and Veterans
Military personnel and veterans meet unique health challenges that stem from the complex interplay of their service experiences, the nature of warfare, and their interactions with both military and civilian healthcare systems.
  • 213
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
COVID-19 and Housing Injustice
In the United States, there has been a long history of environmental injustice that disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities and low-income communities due to racially targeted policies and widespread discrimination. Environmental racism can be revealed in housing discrimination that perpetuates inequities in exposure to environmental pollutants. Biased credit and mortgaging practices such as redlining have led to housing segregation of racial and ethnic minorities in the USA, permitting policymakers to diminish and disinvest in these communities. The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified housing instability for families of color, including Black and Hispanic/Latinx communities, putting them at increased risk for COVID-19 exposure. There is a need to investigate how environmental injustice intensifies the COVID-19 pandemic, illuminates racial and ethnic inequities in exposure to environmental contaminants, and fuels disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.
  • 214
  • 14 Nov 2023
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