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Topic Review
Sources of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Edible Oil
Given the heightened awareness of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) globally, it is especially critical to identify the sources of PFAS pollution in edible oils. Having a thorough knowledge of the causes of PFAS pollution in edible oils can assist in precisely pinpointing the sources of contamination and taking the necessary steps to decrease PFAS contamination and thereby safeguard human health. By recognising the sources of contamination, it is possible to enhance the effectiveness of pollution control, avoid superfluous investments, save resources, and advance sustainable environmental progress.
  • 232
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Epidemiology—TNBC Risk in T2DM Patients
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is usually the most malignant and aggressive mammary epithelial tumor characterized by the lack of expression for estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors, and the absence of epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 amplification. Corresponding to 15–20% of all breast cancers and well-known by its poor clinical outcome, this negative receptor expression deprives TNBC from targeted therapy and makes its management therapeutically challenging. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common ageing metabolic disorder due to insulin deficiency or resistance resulting in hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia. Due to metabolic and hormonal imbalances, there are many interplays between both chronic disorders leading to increased risk of breast cancer, especially TNBC, diagnosed in T2DM patients.
  • 343
  • 27 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Pollutants Generated in Piggeries
Reducing the sources of stress on farms allows for enhanced animal welfare and productivity. Aerial contaminants and pollutants that can be found in indoor animal houses are among these stressors. In Italy, the guidelines to assess animal welfare in pig farming are displayed in a protocol named “ClassyFarm”, based on European legislation. Specific indications are given on the microclimatic conditions of livestock indoor environments (temperature, relative humidity, dustiness) and air quality, especially regarding harmful gases such as ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Nevertheless, the recommended measurement techniques for dust and harmful gases are not satisfactory.
  • 385
  • 25 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Health Effects of POPs In South Korea
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) usually originate from human activities and have been released into the environment for several decades. They are highly resistant to natural decomposition and can accumulate in an organism’s tissues and in all environmental components. Due to their unique characteristics, they have an ability to bio-magnify and bio-accumulate in animals, through the food chain and via inhalation, severely endangering the health of people. As reported, the exposure of humans to POPs causes various health problems such as cancers, diabetes, birth defects, endocrine disruption, cardiovascular diseases and dysfunctional immune and reproductive systems. 
  • 282
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence-Based Diagnosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by its diverse histopathological features, which pose possible challenges to accurate diagnosis and prognosis. The use of AI in radiology, which is also known as radiomics, has shown excellent diagnostic accuracy for detecting RCC and can even provide information regarding RCC subtyping, nuclear grade prediction, gene mutations, and gene expression-based molecular signatures.
  • 255
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Auditory Processing in Musicians
Μusicians are reported to have enhanced auditory processing. Auditory processing elements evaluated were speech recognition in babble, rhythmic advantage in speech recognition, short-term working memory, temporal resolution, and frequency discrimination threshold detection.
  • 237
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Universal Privacy Model for Electronic Health Record Systems
High-profile data breaches in systems such as Australia’s My Health Record (MHR) and the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have exposed millions of records, resulting in substantial financial losses for the healthcare industry.
  • 289
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Hypoxia in Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart valve diseases are a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. They affect more than 13% of the population aged over 75 years old and occur when any type of the four heart valves (tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral, and aortic valves) is damaged. Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is defined as a slowly progressing condition that ranges from mild valve aortic sclerosis to severe calcifying aortic valve stenosis. This progression manifests in approximately 2% of individuals over 65 years old annually.
  • 283
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Opioid Stigma in Cancer Settings
Cancer-related pain affects a majority of patients with advanced cancer and is often undertreated. The treatment of this pain is largely reliant on the use of opioids, which are essential medicines for symptom management and the maintenance of quality of life (QoL) for patients with advanced cancer. While there are cancer-specific guidelines for the treatment of pain, widespread publication and policy changes in response to the opioid epidemic have drastically impacted perceptions of opioid use leading to stigmatization. 
  • 205
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Geriatric Care Management System Powered by the IoT
The digitalisation of geriatric care refers to the use of emerging technologies to manage and provide person-centered care to the elderly by collecting patients’ data electronically and using them to streamline the care process, which improves the overall quality, accuracy, and efficiency of healthcare. In many countries, healthcare providers still rely on the manual measurement of bioparameters, inconsistent monitoring, and paper-based care plans to manage and deliver care to elderly patients. This can lead to a number of problems, including incomplete and inaccurate record-keeping, errors, and delays in identifying and resolving health problems. 
  • 393
  • 20 Jul 2023
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