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Topic Review
AI for Biomarker Analysis in Early Cancer Detection
Governments worldwide have prioritized multicancer early detection (MCED) for the better management of cancers. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising technology to enhance the performance of MCED. In the field of MCED, applying AI has also proven to be efficient in improving diagnostic performance. Harnessing AI has become a must-use technology in analyzing MCED data because MCED tools typically target tens of analytical targets. 
  • 221
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Training provided to Paramedics in Low-Acuity Clinical Conditions
Ambulance services around the world are increasingly attending to calls for non-emergency conditions. These lower-acuity conditions do not always require patients to be transported to the emergency department. Consequently, over the past two decades, ambulance services have implemented strategies to support paramedics in diverting non-urgent patients to alternative care pathways. However, assessing and managing low-acuity conditions can be challenging for paramedics, especially when education and training has traditionally focused on emergency care.
  • 221
  • 22 Mar 2024
Topic Review
New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions of SCD
Sickle cell disease (SCD), is a congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises a group of disorders, with sickle cell anemia (SCA) being the most prevalent and serious genotype.
  • 219
  • 23 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Materials, Structure and System Composition of Sweat Sensor
Sweat, as a biofluid that is easy to extract and contains a variety of biomarkers, can provide various types of physiological information for health monitoring.
  • 219
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Natural Antimicrobial Agents for Wound Infections Treatment
The rising prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria underscores the need to search for innovative and nature-based solutions. One of the approaches may be the use of plants that constitute a rich source of miscellaneous compounds with a wide range of biological properties. Natural products are one of the most promising and intensively examined agents to combat the consequences of the overuse and misuse of classical antibiotics.
  • 219
  • 17 Feb 2024
Topic Review
The Duration of Menstrual Blood Loss
The duration of bleeding is not necessarily linked to the amount of loss but may be influenced by age, ethnicity, habitus, region and altitude of residence, dieting and stress. The onset of bleeding has been linked to declining steroid production by the corpus luteum. There remains considerable controversy around the extent of endometrial shedding at menstruation. This is likely to vary within and between women. The significance of a change from previous patterns, very short or prolonged bleeding, days of light loss or spotting before or after days of bleeding, or of bleed-free days that punctuate flow, remain poorly understood.
  • 219
  • 02 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Conservative Breast Cancer Treatment
Radiation therapy is an important part of conservative breast cancer treatment. Boost radiation of the tumor bed at enough doses is often necessary to increase local control of the disease. There are several techniques for administering a boost, including intraoperative radiotherapy.
  • 217
  • 05 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Nuclear Medicine Based on the Example of [89Zr]Zr-PSMA-DFO
The interdisciplinary possibilities inherent in nuclear medicine offer an opportunity for the patient-centered development of radioactive pharmaceuticals based on specific research questions. This approach provides radiopharmaceutical manufacturers with a robust scientific foundation on which to navigate the regulatory requirements for drug approval laid down by the law. A vivid illustration of this interdisciplinary cooperation has been the development of a Zr-89-labeled PSMA ligand where reliable results have been obtained across various domains, including chemistry, radiochemistry, biochemistry, and preclinical research. This comprehensive process extended to feasibility studies conducted with carefully selected patients from a single nuclear medicine clinic. 
  • 217
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Awareness and Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus
The burden of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-related diseases, particularly cervical cancer, are still very high in Africa. Unlike HIV/AIDS, the burden is still largely unrecognized in several African countries. HPV is diagnosed in more than 90% of cervical cancers, which are the most common cause of cancer death among women in Africa. Overall, HPV infection and related diseases are more prevalent in developing countries with minimal resources to tackle them. For instance, Africa is characterized by low access to health services and cancer care in particular.
  • 216
  • 31 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Determination of Cholesterol (C27H46O) Levels in Foods
Cholesterol (C27H46O) is a lipid-derived substance found in lipoproteins and cell membranes. It is also one of the main sources for the production of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones. Today, foods are evaluated by consumers not only according to their taste and nutritional content but also according to their effects on consumer health. For example, many consumers choose foods according to their cholesterol level. The cholesterol in the food can directly affect the blood cholesterol level when consumed, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases. High levels of cholesterol can lead to diet-related human diseases such as cardiac arrest, paralysis, type II diabetes, and cerebral hemorrhage. In societies with high living standards, interest in and consumption of foods that lower or have low cholesterol levels have increased recently. Accordingly, efforts to increase the variety of foods with reduced cholesterol levels are on the rise. This has indirectly led to the accurate measurement of cholesterol levels in blood and food being of great importance. Classical chemical, enzymatic, colorimetric, polarographic, chromatographic, and spectrophotometric methods; enzymatic, nonenzymatic, and electrochemical sensors; and biosensors are used for the determination of cholesterol in foods. 
  • 216
  • 18 Dec 2023
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