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Topic Review
Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants
Unlike other secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds are found in almost all plant cells. They hold functional significance not at the cell level, but at the level of the whole plant. The central enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) is inducible: due to the induction of the expression of coding genes, its activity increases sharply under the influence of stress factors. 
  • 276
  • 12 Sep 2023
Topic Review
GP's Perspectives on Weight Loss Dietary Advice
General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in guiding patients’ health behaviors, including advising on weight loss. GPs have access to a variety of lifestyle, medical, and surgical approaches to weight loss to assist their patients. 
  • 276
  • 31 Jul 2023
Topic Review
The One Health, Food Systems, and Resilience
The COVID-19 pandemic, adverse effects of climate change, the ongoing war in Ukraine, and other threats have been calling on all relevant stakeholders from varied disciplines to collaborate via the One Health approach, addressing the health of people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. 
  • 275
  • 15 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Status of Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by an individual’s deficits in social communication and interaction, accompanied by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and a restricted scope of interests. The prevalence of ASD among Chinese children over the past two decades has attracted substantial attention from practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. 
  • 274
  • 31 May 2023
Topic Review
Theranostics Using Indocyanine Green Lactosomes
Lactosomes™ are biocompatible nanoparticles that can be used for cancer tissue imaging and drug delivery. Lactosomes are amphiphilic micelles in which the particle size can be controlled in the range of 20 to 100 nm. Lactosomes can also be loaded with imaging probes and anticancer agents. Indocyanine green-loaded lactosomes accumulate in cancer tissues and function as a photosensitizer, which simultaneously enables diagnosis and photodynamic therapy. 
  • 274
  • 17 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Physical Activity in Individuals with Down Syndrome
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic alteration in humans, resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21. Individuals with DS are characterized by physical traits and limitations related to intellectual functioning and the development of motor skills. People with DS tend to have lower levels of physical activity (PA) than the general population, despite its benefits for health and quality of life, which could be caused by barriers such as the lack of adapted programs or knowledge on how to adapt them. 
  • 273
  • 18 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Caring for Migrant Populations in Italy
The foreign population living in Italy, on 1 January 2021, was about 5.2 million, plus about 500,000 irregular foreigners, according to the ISMU Foundation. It is a “young” population, with a high rate of unaccompanied foreign minors, and the male: female ratio is about 1:1, with wide differences depending on the citizenship of origin.
  • 272
  • 06 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Care of Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
In order to provide the highest quality of care to patients, nurses working at the advanced level are expected to develop knowledge and to initiate services and practices carried out in collaboration with other professionals. In 2018, the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) updated its recommendations for the role of the nurse in the management and care of patients with rheumatic conditions. 
  • 272
  • 15 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Rehabilitation in Older Adults Affected by Immobility Syndrome
Individual mobility deficit in older adults induces a variety of medical conditions, diminishing their functional capacity in pursuing activities of daily living. In immobility syndrome patients, such conditions are prone to further deterioration through a drastically reduced scope of physical activity, owing mostly to poor self-motivation and the monotonous character of conventional rehabilitation regimens. As evidenced by published research, virtual reality technology solutions in rehabilitation management actually add significantly to patients’ self-motivation, while promoting their active involvement in therapy through visual, auditory, and kinaesthetic stimuli.
  • 271
  • 18 Sep 2023
Topic Review
The Laboratory Diagnosis of Malaria
Even if malaria is rare in Europe, it is a medical emergency and programs for its control should ensure both an early diagnosis and a prompt treatment within 24–48 h from the onset of the symptoms. The increasing number of imported malaria cases as well as the risk of the reintroduction of autochthonous cases encouraged laboratories in non-endemic countries to adopt diagnostic methods/algorithms. Microscopy remains the gold standard, but with limitations. Rapid diagnostic tests have greatly expanded the ability to diagnose malaria for rapid results due to simplicity and low cost, but they lack sensitivity and specificity. PCR-based assays provide more relevant information but need well-trained technicians.
  • 271
  • 22 Jan 2024
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