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Topic Review
Clinical Diagnosis and Manifestation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or the colitides, encompasses Crohn’s colitis (CC) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two highly heterogeneous, debilitating, incurable, persistent, relapsing/worsening, immune-arbitrated inflammatory pathologies of the digestive system canal.
  • 487
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Placental Evaluation In Vivo Models to Evaluate Nanocarriers
Pregnancy-associated disorders affect around 20% of pregnancies each year around the world. The risk associated with pregnancy therapeutic management categorizes pregnant women as “drug orphan” patients. In the last few decades, nanocarriers have demonstrated relevant properties for controlled drug delivery, which have been studied for pregnancy-associated disorders. To develop new drug dosage forms it is mandatory to have access to the right evaluation models to ensure their usage safety and efficacy. 
  • 437
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Usage of Telerehabilitation
Telerehabilitation is an alternative platform of telecommunication-based practice that could provide alternatives in delivering health education and care for clients or individuals either in clinical, community or home care settings.
  • 351
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
IT-Driven Patient Agility and Digital Transformation
Modern hospitals are on the brink of a monumental change. They are currently exploring their options to digitally transform their clinical procedures and overall patient engagement. This work thoroughly investigates how hospital departments in the Netherlands can simultaneously leverage their strategic exploration of new IT resources and practices and exploit their current IT practices, i.e., IT ambidexterity, to drive digital transformation.
  • 457
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Dietary Recommendations for Twin Pregnancy
Recommendations for nutrition and the use of dietary supplements for pregnant women are updated on regular basis but it remains to be seen to what extent they may be applicable in twin pregnancies. Over the past 30 years, there has been a considerable increase in the number of multiple pregnancies worldwide, which mainly applies to dizygotic pregnancies. In the USA, in 2009 compared to the 1980s, the number of twin pregnancies increased by 76%; the situation was similar in Australia (66%). A multiple pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of its abnormal course. This mostly applies to pre-eclampsia, hypertension, diabetes, iron-deficiency anemia and pre-term birth that affects 50–60% of twin pregnancies. 
  • 817
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Food Neophobia
Food neophobia is the tendency to reject or be reluctant to try new and unfamiliar foods. Due to the period of its occurrence, which falls in the years of early childhood, it can significantly affect the child’s food choices, shape taste preferences, and significantly influence the quality of the child’s diet. 
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
ICT Usage and Well-Being of Japan's Older People
As the population ages, the question of how to prevent isolation among older people and increase their well-being becomes a social issue. For older people, ICT usage does not have a large effect on enhancing well-being, but becomes sufficiently large only through the improvement of social capital. The pros and cons of such modern communication means should be utilized as a reference when considering the development of future communication means and a human coach—a person who supports the use of communication means by older people. In other words, to think about the spread of communication means to community-dwelling older people in the future, it is always necessary to think about technology usage emphasizing the relationship between older people and society. 
  • 513
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Linear Motor Driven Leg-Press Dynamometer
Regarding the acute responses after leg-press strength training with or without serial stretch-loading stimuli, visible changes were observed in the muscle force, rate of force development, and hormonal concentrations between pre- and postmenopausal women (only one study). Long-term studies revealed different training adaptations after performing leg-press strength training with unique serial stretch-loading stimuli. A positive trend for leg-press strength training with serial stretch-loading was recorded in the young population and athletes; however, more variable training effects favoring one or the other approach were achieved in the older population.
  • 405
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Burnout
Maslach et al. initially conceptualized burnout as a psychological state encompassing exhaustion, depersonalization (or cynicism), and a reduced sense of professional efficacy. However, Schaufeli et al. recently proposed an improved definition of burnout, as a syndrome reflecting: “a work-related state of exhaustion that occurs among employees, which is characterized by extreme tiredness, reduced ability to regulate cognitive and emotional processes, and mental distancing” (p. 4). This new definition excludes the professional efficacy component, which has been empirically found to be distinct from burnout. More generally, burnout seems to be primarily characterized by a state of work-related exhaustion and is generally acknowledged by researchers, clinicians, and the public as a pervasive occupational difficulty. However, and despite this widespread recognition, longstanding debates remain within the scientific community regarding the appropriateness of classifying burnout as its own pathological entity. 
  • 887
  • 24 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Monitoring and Evaluation of National Vaccination Implementation
An effective Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework helps vaccination programme managers determine progress and effectiveness for agreed indicators against clear benchmarks and targets. Improving national vaccination programme implementation requires collection and analysis of data on relevant vaccination components. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) or more recent Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability and Learning (MEAL) frameworks support decision-making by consolidating available information on agreed indicators, benchmarked targets, and methods to collect, analyse, and report necessary data to strengthen vaccination programmes.
  • 739
  • 22 Apr 2022
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