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Topic Review
Micro-Irrigation Technologies in India and Africa
Water is an essential resource for the realization of the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The increasing global food insecurity, hunger, human population, and uneconomical extraction and use of non-renewable resources require, among other things, a substantial intensification of agricultural production. In this context, there has been a need to adopt irrigation technologies, especially in developing countries where agriculture and its allied sectors employ more than 50% of the total population but account for up to 90% of the total freshwater consumptive use. India and Africa are at the crux of this conundrum, where there is an urgent need to build resilience with the already excessively allotted water resources. Innovative and water-efficient irrigation technologies could be one of the windows of opportunity to overcome water scarcity and enhance food security in these regions. 
  • 237
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Pollution on Urban Scale in China
Urbanization is a critical and profound transformation of land, industry, and population in modern society.  Environmental pollution significantly impacts the urbanization process.
  • 124
  • 23 Nov 2023
Topic Review
The Nexus between Entrepreneurship and Environmental Quality
The economic literature has extensively documented the role of entrepreneurship as a driver in transforming political, economic, and social systems. Numerous studies have delved into how entrepreneurship can contribute to solving challenges related to sustainable development. Given this context, entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a crucial source in delivering sustainable processes, products, and services, driving progress toward a green economy.
  • 177
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Forest Transition and Fuzzy Environments in Neoliberal Mexico
Although deforestation remains a continuing threat to both the natural world and its resident human populations, a countervailing land cover dynamic has been observed in many nations. This process of landscape turnaround, the so-called forest transition, holds the potential of regenerating ecosystem services by sparing land from agricultural activities and abandoning it to forest succession.
  • 66
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Air Pollution Governance and Residents’ Happiness in China
Humans constantly seek happiness. So, what exactly is happiness? In short, happiness can both be expressed as yearning and joy. It impacts social development and economic progress. Countries with relatively high levels of happiness often have a more liberal, creative, and inspiring social environment. Enhancing people’s happiness should be the standard of public policies. With the growing prominence of air pollution issues, governments and scholars have started to pay attention to happiness as it relates to air pollution. However, the relevant research has been limited in China, and the results are not clear, with little attention given to subjective perception related to air pollution. China has strengthened its efforts in containing air pollution, striving to fulfill the people’s longing for a blue sky.
  • 177
  • 15 Nov 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Health-Promoting Nature-Based Paradigms in Urban Planning
Since the 19th century, urban planning has largely been guided by ambitions to improve the population’s wellbeing and living conditions. Parks and green areas have played a significant role in this work. However, the confidence in the function of green areas, and thus the motives for creating urban parks and green open spaces, have shifted over the years, which has affected both the planning and design of green areas. This entry describes three overarching paradigm shifts in urban planning, from the end of the 18th century to today, and the focus is on the major paradigm shift that is underway: how green areas can mitigate climate effects, increase biodiversity and at the same time support people’s health and living conditions in a smart city.
  • 560
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Environmental Labelling
Environmental labelling is one of the environmental management tools, one of the main tasks of which is to make ecological products more visible and thus make it possible to distinguish ecological products from conventional products quickly. Ecological products are products that consist of safe materials and nontoxic ingredients that can be reused and do not have a negative impact on the environment throughout their lifecycle.
  • 187
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Barrier Factors to Installing Energy Storage Equipment
Using green energy is an important way for businesses to achieve their Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals and ensure sustainable operations. Currently, however, green energy is not a stable source of power, and this instability poses certain risks to normal business operations and manufacturing processes. The installation of energy storage equipment has become an indispensable accompaniment to facilitating green energy use for an enterprise. However, businesses may encounter significant barriers during the process of installing energy storage equipment.
  • 159
  • 30 Oct 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Food, Climate Change, and the Challenge of Innovation
Climate change is a shift in the climate’s condition that lasts for an extended period, usually decades or longer, and that may be detected by changes in the mean and variability of its parameters. The full spectrum of players and their related value-adding activities, that are a part of the food supply chain, including the disposal of food items derived from agriculture, forestry, or fisheries, are collectively called food systems. Food systems are a component of their larger economic, social, and environmental contexts. Finally, food security is the condition in which all individuals consistently have physical and financial access to adequate safe, nutritious food that satisfies their dietary needs and food choices for an active and healthy life. Climate change and its relationships with food systems and security are complex since food systems significantly contribute to climate change. However, climate change impacts food systems unpredictably, leading to food insecurity through adverse impacts on the four dimensions of food security: utilization, access, food availability, and stability. Climate change adaptation plans are urgent and include measures such as flood and climate protection, waste management and recycling, climate-smart agriculture, and analytical climatic conditions innovation equipment on agricultural processes and activities. Nevertheless, addressing the climate crisis and its adverse impacts on food security through the activation and promotion of innovation needs reliable information and intervention in many different but interconnected fields, such as institutional design, philanthropy, novel partnerships, finance, and international cooperation. In this context, this paper analyses the relationship between climate change, agriculture, and global–local strategies to ensure food security and also discusses policies’ role in fostering innovation for supporting local agro-food systems and their capacity to sustain societal needs.
  • 495
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Bioethanol for Cooking
Bioethanol has been identified by the academic literature and in the development community as a promising clean fuel to replace charcoal. Bioethanol is one of the cooking fuels considered to be clean based on the 2014 WHO guidelines, which aim to reduce the health risks associated with exposure to indoor air pollution from household fuel combustion. 
  • 777
  • 19 Oct 2023
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