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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
FP-C
The Flight Paramedic Certification (FP-C) is an advanced certification that indicates an individual has attained the designation of Certified Flight Paramedic. The FP-C certification exam is administered by the International Board of Specialty Certification (IBSC) and the Board for Critical Care Transport Paramedic Certification (BCCTPC), a not-for-profit organizations responsible for the administration and development of specialty certification exams for critical care professionals. The test is administered by PSI and Applied Measurement Professionals (AMP) to assure compliance with the highest testing standards. This certification is designed to be successfully approved only for experienced paramedics who have demonstrated advanced knowledge of critical care medicine by passing an exam consisting of 125 scored items and 10 unscored items within a 2.5 hour window. As of February 22, 2018 there are 6458 certified flight paramedics worldwide, 494 of whom hold dual certification as a CCP-C. The FP-C, or CCP-C, and/or Critical Care Emergency Medical Transport Program (CCEMTP) certifications are often a requirement to work as a flight paramedic in the United States. The FP-C does not have an associated course, unlike the CCEMTP, although review courses and study guides available. The FP-C is considered comparable in difficultly to the Critical Care Paramedic Certification (CCP-C). Experience in the air medical or critical care transport fields is recommended before attempting to take the exam. However, there is no minimum education component required, and the examination does not require minimum years of experience, therefore new paramedics who have just completed school are eligible to take the exam and receive certification. In addition, there is no practical skills test associated with the examination, unlike the NREMT paramedic exam. Many agencies may require prospective employees to demonstrate practical competency in other courses (TPATC, ATLS-audit, CCEMTP, etc.) prior to being considered for employment. A candidate must hold a current paramedic license and have active certifications in Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS), and other advanced certifications.
  • 555
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Overcrowding in Emergency Department
Overcrowding in Emergency Departments (EDs) is a phenomenon that is now widespread globally and causes a significant negative impact that goes on to affect the entire hospital.
  • 527
  • 13 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Point of Care Ultrasound in Chest Pain
It quickly became obvious that emergency ultrasound, or point of care ultrasound (POCUS), has some very interesting aspects in the context of the emergency room (ER), allowing the physician to immediately obtain images of the patient during the first visit and thus rule out major pathologies immediately. Chest pain often is associated with dyspnea or shortness of breath (SOB), which is in itself one of the most common causes of emergency room access. The origin of these symptoms is often sought in heart and lung diseases.
  • 498
  • 15 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Wearable Bluetooth Triage Healthcare Monitoring System
Triage is the first interaction between a patient and a nurse/paramedic. This assessment, usually performed at Emergency departments, is a highly dynamic process and there are international grading systems that according to the patient condition initiate the patient journey. Triage requires an initial rapid assessment followed by routine checks of the patients’ vitals, including respiratory rate, temperature, and pulse rate. Ideally, these checks should be performed continuously and remotely to reduce the workload on triage nurses; optimizing tools and monitoring systems can be introduced and include a wearable patient monitoring system that is not at the expense of the patient’s comfort and can be remotely monitored through wireless connectivity.
  • 494
  • 14 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Community Initiatives of OHCA
Early intervention of bystanders (the first links of the chain of survival) have been shown to improve survival and good neurological outcomes of patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Many initiatives have been implemented to increase the engagement of communities in early basic life support (BLS) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), especially of lay people with no duty to respond.
  • 471
  • 24 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Nanomedicine and Brain Tumors
A brain tumor, a tumor that develops within the skull, is an abnormal mass of tissue in which cells grow and multiply out of control. Although more than 150 types of brain tumors have been reported, they are macroscopically divided into primary and metastatic groups. Tumors that arise directly from the brain tissue or surrounding the brain are classified as primary brain tumors.
  • 467
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Compartment syndrome occurs when increased pressure inside a closed anatomical space compromises tissue perfusion. The sudden increase in pressure inside these spaces requires rapid decompression by means of surgical intervention. In the case of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS), surgical decompression consists of a laparostomy. 
  • 431
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Management of Adolescents Admitted with Severe Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) affects up to 0.5% of adolescents. It is considered the third most common chronic disease in adolescence and also the psychiatric illness with the highest mortality rate, ranging from 2–8%. Part of this high mortality is explained by the multi-systemic stress caused by prolonged fasting, especially on the cardio-vascular system. Although there is a general agreement regarding admission criteria, the initial management of admitted patients with severe malnutrition due to AN is still highly variable with no international consensus on the optimal nutritional rehabilitation for this specific population.
  • 391
  • 02 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Initial Management of Cardiogenic Shock
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex syndrome manifesting with distinct phenotypes depending on the severity of the primary cardiac insult and the underlying status. As long as therapeutic interventions fail to divert its unopposed rapid evolution, poor outcomes will continue challenging health care systems. CS represents a life-threatening condition equated to a dismal prognosis. Since the introduction of the fundamental mechanisms of shock in 1972, CS has been universally defined as a state of severe end-organ hypoperfusion and tissue hypoxia resulting primarily from cardiac pump failure.
  • 391
  • 13 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Upper Airway Sono-Anatomy
Airway management is a common and critical procedure in acute settings, such as the Emergency Department (ED) or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of hospitals. Many of the traditional physical examination methods have limitations in airway assessment. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a promising tool for airway management due to its familiarity, accessibility, safety, and non-invasive nature. It can assist physicians in identifying relevant anatomy of the upper airway with objective measurements of airway parameters, and it can guide airway interventions with dynamic real-time images. To date, ultrasound has been considered highly accurate for assessment of the difficult airway, confirmation of proper endotracheal intubation, prediction of post-extubation laryngeal edema, and preparation for cricothyrotomy by identifying the cricothyroid membrane. The researchers aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the use of POCUS on upper airway sono-anatomy. In conclusion, POCUS is a valuable tool with multiple applications ranging from pre- and post-intubation management. Clinicians should consider using POCUS in conjunction with traditional exam techniques to manage the airway more efficiently in the acute setting.
  • 388
  • 12 May 2023
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