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Topic Review
Flavonoids for Health and Longevity
Flavonoids are a diverse family of natural phenolic compounds commonly found in fruits, vegetables, tea, wine, and Chinese herbal medicine. Flavonoids have a basic C6–C3–C6 15 carbon skeleton composed of two aromatic rings and one pyran ring. Flavonoid compounds are divided into six subclasses based on their carbon structure and level of oxidation, which are flavones, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, flavanol, and anthocyanins.
  • 889
  • 23 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Dietary Interventions to Reduce Frailty
Frailty is a state of accelerated aging that increases susceptibility to adverse health outcomes. Due to its high societal and personal costs, there is great interest in discovering beneficial interventions to attenuate frailty. These interventions can include dietary supplements like vitamins, metalloids, and antioxidants. While many supplements show beneficial results in older pre-clinical models of frailty, these results are often sex specific. Testing these interventions in pre-clinical models can facilitate the understanding of their impact on underlying mechanisms of frailty.
  • 311
  • 21 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Biological Age Predictors
Age is a major risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases. It is a recognized contributor to severe COVID-19 and associated complications. However, many studies have suggested that it is biological rather than chronological age that underlies the development of numerous diseases. People age at a different pace, which is determined not only by genetic predisposition but also by external factors, such as socioeconomic factors and lifestyle. The likelihood of aging-associated diseases and mortality varies even among people of the same age. Certain combinations of biomarkers are more reliable predictors of biological age or mortality
  • 380
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Aβ-Peptide Production and Conformational Behavior
Alzheimer’s disease  (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disease in the world. Genetic evidence strongly suggests that aberrant generation, aggregation, and/or clearance of neurotoxic amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) triggers the disease. Aβ accumulates at the points of contact of neurons in ordered cords and fibrils, forming the so-called senile plaques. Aβ isoforms of different lengths are found in healthy human brains regardless of age and appear to play a role in signaling pathways in the brain and to have neuroprotective properties at low concentrations. This entry describes molecular mechanisms of amyloid-β precursor protein processing in AD.
  • 663
  • 11 Oct 2021
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