Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Biomolecule Visualization
The structural characteristics of biomolecules are a major focus in the field of structural biology. Molecular visualization plays a crucial role in displaying structural information in an intuitive manner, aiding in the understanding of molecular properties. 
  • 213
  • 09 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Cancer Metastasis from Physical Perspective
Tumor diseases become a huge problem when they embark on a path that advances to malignancy, such as the process of metastasis. Cancer metastasis has been thoroughly investigated from a biological perspective in the past, whereas it has still been less explored from a physical perspective. Until now, the intraluminal pathway of cancer metastasis has received the most attention, while the interaction of cancer cells with macrophages has received little attention. Apart from the biochemical characteristics, tumor treatments also rely on the tumor microenvironment, which is recognized to be immunosuppressive and, as has recently been found, mechanically stimulates cancer cells and thus alters their functions.
  • 228
  • 09 Feb 2024
Topic Review
cGLRs as a Novel Family of PRRs
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play critical roles in embryonic development, immune homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and neurodegeneration. PRRs are highly conserved germline-encoded proteins that recognize microbe/pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs) and death/damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs); thus, they regulate innate and adaptive immunity and contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases ranging from infections to cancers.
  • 156
  • 09 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Natural Killer Cells and Cytotoxic T Cells
Natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T (CD8+) cells are two of the most important types of immune cells in our body, protecting it from deadly invaders. While the NK cell is part of the innate immune system, the CD8+ cell is one of the major components of adaptive immunity. Still, these two very different types of cells share the most important function of destroying pathogen-infected and tumorous cells by releasing cytotoxic granules that promote proteolytic cleavage of harmful cells, leading to apoptosis.
  • 548
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Environmental Applications of Genetically Modified Viruses Reveals Challenges
The release of novel genetically modified (GM) virus applications into the environment for agricultural, veterinary, and nature-conservation purposes poses a number of significant challenges for risk assessors and regulatory authorities. Continuous efforts to scan the horizon for emerging applications are needed to gain an overview of new GM virus applications. In addition, appropriate approaches for risk assessment and management have to be developed and implemented. These approaches need to address pertinent challenges, in particular with regard to the environmental release of GM virus applications with a high probability for transmission and spreading, including transboundary movements and a high potential to result in adverse environmental effects. However, the current preparedness at the EU and international level to assess such GM virus application is limited.
  • 171
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
North American River Otter
The North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis) is a charismatic and highly adaptable semi-aquatic mammal native to freshwater habitats across North America. Recognizable for its sleek, streamlined body, webbed feet, and playful behavior, this otter species is well-suited to its aquatic lifestyle. As a top predator in freshwater ecosystems, the North American River Otter plays a vital role in maintaining the health and balance of aquatic food webs.
  • 314
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
African Clawless Otter
The African Clawless Otter (Aonyx capensis) is a fascinating semi-aquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa. Renowned for its sleek, streamlined body and lack of visible claws on its forelimbs, this otter species is well-adapted to its aquatic lifestyle in freshwater habitats, including rivers, lakes, and wetlands. With a diet consisting primarily of fish, crustaceans, and amphibians, the African Clawless Otter plays a vital role in maintaining the health and balance of aquatic ecosystems across its range.
  • 330
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Honey Badger
The Honey Badger (Mellivora capensis) is a remarkable mammal renowned for its ferocity, tenacity, and resilience in the face of adversity. Native to Africa, Southwest Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, this species is known for its distinctive black and white fur and its fearless reputation as a formidable predator and scavenger. Despite its small size, the Honey Badger's aggressive behavior, sharp claws, and powerful jaws make it a force to be reckoned with in its natural habitat.
  • 605
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Crabeater Seal
The Crabeater Seal (Lobodon carcinophaga) is a fascinating marine mammal endemic to the Antarctic region. Despite its name, this species primarily feeds on krill, using specialized teeth adapted for filtering these small crustaceans from the water. With a sleek, torpedo-shaped body and distinctive fur patterns, the Crabeater Seal is an iconic inhabitant of the icy Antarctic landscape.
  • 236
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Caspian Seal
The Caspian Seal (Pusa caspica) is a unique marine mammal native to the Caspian Sea, the world's largest inland body of water. Renowned for its distinctive appearance and adaptation to brackish water habitats, this seal species faces numerous threats to its survival, including habitat degradation, pollution, and overfishing. As one of the few seal species inhabiting a landlocked environment, the Caspian Seal plays a crucial ecological role in maintaining the balance of the Caspian Sea ecosystem.
  • 543
  • 08 Feb 2024
  • Page
  • of
  • 1814
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback