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Topic Review
Biography
Topic Review
STAT3 Gene
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3: The STAT3 gene is part of a family known as the STAT genes. These genes provide instructions for making proteins that are part of essential chemical signaling pathways within cells.
436
22 Dec 2020
Topic Review
STAT3 Enhances Sensitivity of Glioblastoma to Cell Death
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain cancer in adults. One reason for the development and malignancy of this tumor is the misregulation of certain cellular proteins. The oncoprotein Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT3) that is frequently overactive in glioblastoma cells is associated with more aggressive disease and decreased patient survival. Autophagy is a form of cellular self digestion that normally maintains cell integrity and provides nutrients and basic building blocks required for growth. While glioblastoma is known to be particularly resistant to conventional therapies, recent research has suggested that these tumors are more sensitive to excessive overactivation of autophagy, leading to autophagy-dependent tumor cell death.
407
26 Jan 2022
Topic Review
STAT3 and STAT5 Activation in Solid Cancers
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)3 and 5 proteins are activated by many cytokine receptors to regulate specific gene expression and mitochondrial functions. Their role in cancer is largely context-dependent as they can both act as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins has been linked to many human cancers. STATs were initially discovered as latent cytosolic transcription factors that are phosphorylated by the Janus Kinase (JAK) family upon stimulation of membrane-associated cytokine and growth factor receptors. Phosphorylation triggers STAT dimerization and translocation to the nucleus to bind specific promoters and regulate transcription
324
23 May 2022
Topic Review
STAT3 and STAT5
A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism.
963
16 Jun 2021
Topic Review
STAT3 and NRF2 in Tumors
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2, also known as NFE2L2), are two of the most complicated transcription regulators, which participate in a variety of physiological processes. Numerous studies have shown that they are overactivated in multiple types of tumors. Interestingly, STAT3 and NRF2 can also interact with each other to regulate tumor progression. Hence, these two important transcription factors are considered key targets for developing a new class of antitumor drugs.
361
05 Jan 2023
Topic Review
STAT3
STAT3 is an important transcription factor that regulates cell growth and proliferation by regulating gene transcription of a plethora of genes.
1.4K
26 Aug 2021
Topic Review
STAT1 Gene
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1: The STAT1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in multiple immune system functions, including the body's defense against a fungus called Candida.
449
22 Dec 2020
Topic Review
STAT Proteins in Advanced and Metastasized Prostate Cancer
The STAT proteins bind to specific response elements on the DNA in the nucleus, thereby inducing gene transcription. Based on their various functions, STAT proteins are essential in several health conditions such as autoimmune diseases and cancer. Despite their broad spectrum of activity, only STAT3 affects embryonic development, as shown in STAT3 knock-out mouse experiments.
590
11 Oct 2021
Topic Review
STAT Activation and Signaling
There is a significant body of evidence that has demonstrated that Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs) play a critical role in ovarian cancer progression. The STAT family is comprised of seven distinct proteins, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A and 5B, and STAT6. The structure among STAT proteins remains highly conserved, with all STAT proteins encoding a coiled-coil (CC) domain, a DNA-binding (DB) domain, and a SRC homology 2 (SH2) domain.
395
29 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Starvation-Induced Autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Metabolomics Perspectives
The application of metabolomics has extended the scope of autophagy and provided newer intervention targets against cancer as well as neurodegenerative diseases in which autophagy is implicated.
642
02 Dec 2021
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