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Topic Review
DSS-Induced Colitis in Brief
Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis is a widely used experimental model for studying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly ulcerative colitis (UC). This research delves into the intricacies of DSS-induced colitis, exploring its mechanisms, key features, and relevance in IBD research. 
  • 274
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Indomethacin-Induced Inflammation in Brief
Indomethacin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has long been employed to induce inflammation in experimental models. This research explores the utility of indomethacin-induced inflammation as a research tool for studying inflammatory processes and evaluating potential anti-inflammatory agents. 
  • 357
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Brief
Acetic acid-induced colitis is a well-established experimental model widely employed to study the pathogenesis, therapeutic interventions, and underlying mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), specifically ulcerative colitis (UC). This research comprehensively explores the utility of acetic acid-induced colitis as a research tool, covering its induction methods, histopathological features, immune responses, and applications in drug development.
  • 418
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Models in Brief
Carrageenan-induced inflammatory models have long served as valuable tools in research, shedding light on various aspects of the inflammatory response. This research explores the utility of carrageenan-induced inflammation in studying inflammation, its mechanisms, and potential therapeutic interventions.
  • 381
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Somatic Embryogenesis in Spinach
Conventional spinach breeding is limited by the very complex sex determination. However, these limitations could be circumvented in synergy with a biotechnological approach. Accordingly, tissue culture techniques allow rapid and efficient clonal propagation of selected valuable genotypes, and somatic embryogenesis has been recognized as a superior process for clonal propagation because somatic embryos resemble zygotic embryos and therefore can spontaneously develop into complete plants. 
  • 373
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Oxazolone-Induced Colitis in Brief
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a complex and debilitating group of disorders that include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Understanding the pathogenesis and developing effective treatments for IBD necessitate reliable experimental models. Oxazolone-induced colitis is one such model that has contributed significantly to our understanding of mucosal immune responses and potential therapeutic interventions. This research explores the utility of the oxazolone-induced colitis model, covering its induction methods, histopathological features, immune responses, and applications in drug development. While this model offers valuable insights into IBD, it also presents certain limitations that must be considered. By providing an in-depth analysis of oxazolone-induced colitis, this research highlights its significance in advancing IBD research and the quest for improved therapies.
  • 252
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
TNBS-Induced Colitis in Brief
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. To advance our understanding of IBD pathogenesis and develop effective treatments, reliable experimental models are essential. Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis is one such model that has significantly contributed to our comprehension of mucosal immune responses and potential therapeutic interventions. This research explores the utility of the TNBS-induced colitis model, encompassing its methods of induction, histopathological features, immune responses, and applications in drug development. While this model offers valuable insights into IBD, it presents certain limitations that researchers must consider. By providing an in-depth analysis of TNBS-induced colitis, this research highlights its significance in advancing IBD research and the quest for improved therapies.
  • 479
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
CCl4-Induced Liver Injury in Brief
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) has been a cornerstone in experimental liver research for decades, providing valuable insights into hepatotoxicity, liver fibrosis, and potential therapeutic interventions. This research explores the utility of the CCl4-induced liver injury model, encompassing its methods of induction, key pathological features, underlying mechanisms, and applications in drug development. While this model offers essential insights into liver disease, it presents certain limitations that researchers must consider. By providing an in-depth analysis of CCl4-induced liver injury, this research highlights its significance in advancing liver research and our understanding of liver pathology and repair.
  • 462
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Brief
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a global health concern, representing a spectrum of liver disorders resulting from chronic alcohol consumption. To decipher the intricate mechanisms underlying ALD and develop effective therapies, researchers have turned to experimental models. Among these, the alcohol-induced liver injury model, accomplished through chronic alcohol administration to animals, has been pivotal in elucidating key pathophysiological aspects of ALD. This research navigates through the methodologies employed to induce liver injury, highlights the diverse pathological features observed, explores the underlying mechanisms, and discusses the model's relevance in advancing our understanding of ALD. Additionally, it delves into the multifaceted applications of this model in the quest for novel therapeutic strategies to combat ALD.
  • 252
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Pathogens, Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by a defect in the phagocytic function of the innate immune system owing to mutations in genes encoding the five subunits of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase (NADPH) oxidase enzyme complex. The most common microorganisms observed in the patients with CGD are Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Nocardia spp., Burkholderia spp., Serratia spp., and Salmonella spp. Antibacterial prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, antifungal prophylaxis usually with itraconazole, and interferon gamma immunotherapy have been successfully used in reducing infection in CGD. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) have been successfully proven to be the treatment of choice in patients with CGD.
  • 299
  • 07 Oct 2023
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