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Topic Review
Alt a 1 Protein Family in Phylogenetic-Related Alternaria
Alternaria is a genus of worldwide fungi found in different habitats such as soil, the atmosphere, plants or indoor environments. Alternaria species are saprobic—largely involved in the decomposition of organic material—but they can also act as animal pathogens, causing disease in humans and animals, developing infections, toxicosis and allergic diseases. A. alternata is considered one of the most important sources of fungal allergens worldwide and it is associated with severe asthma and respiratory status. In fact,  Alt a 1, the main allergen of A. alternata, is an important marker for assessing the risk factor and severity of allergic respiratory disease. Another role of Alt a 1, from a evolutionary point of view, would be to define a family of proteins that would allow establishing taxonomic relationships between different fungal divisions. Finally, Alt a 1 has been shown to be a very useful marker for the identification of pathogenic molds contaminating plants and fruits.
  • 390
  • 28 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Anoxia Tolerance in Rice Seeds under Submergence
Submergence in rice fields creating inundation stress and realizing anoxia or hypoxia is a problem in agriculture. Seeds under this oxygen deficit are faced with fermentative respiration, where the end product would be poisoning the tissue viability. This is more aggravated in direct seeded rice cultivation with the accumulation of lactate as a poison. 
  • 183
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Anthocyanins in Fruits
Different anthocyanidins determine the color of the plant and range from orange to red, blue, and purple colors. Anthocyanins have a wide range of applications in both the food and pharmaceutical industry. They have strong anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidative properties and research results have linked dietary enrichment with anthocyanins to a reduced risk of gastrointestinal cancers and the inhibition of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive decline. Anthocyanins also increase the endurance and elasticity of capillaries and reduce their permeability. Additionally, they increase visual acuity and are used for some eye diseases, especially the anthocyan glycosides in bilberry. It is important to note that some anthocyanins have radioprotective effects and are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of radiation sickness.
  • 290
  • 10 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Antifungal/Antibacterial Activity of Peppermint Oil and Cornmint Oil
The genus mint (Mentha) belongs to the Lamiaceae family and includes 42 species, 15 hybrids, and hundreds of subspecies, varieties, and cultivars, which potentially crossbreed when in proximity. Different mints are known for a reasonably high content of essential oils (EO), which are deposited in the glandular trichomes, mostly located on the adaxial surface of their leaves. There are two well-known, so-called menthol mints in cultivation: Mentha x piperita L. (Hudson): peppermint—MP, and Mentha arvensis L., (syn. M. canadensis L., Japanese mint): cornmint—MA.
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Apple Yield and K Use
In order to meet the growing food demand of the global population and maintain sustainable soil fertility, there is an urgent need to optimize fertilizer application amount in agricultural production practices. Most of the existing studies on the optimal K rates for apple orchards were based on case studies and lack information on optimizing K-fertilizer management on a regional scale. Here, we used the method of combining meta-analysis with the K application rate-yield relationship model to quantify and summarize the optimal K rates of the Loess Plateau and Bohai Bay regions in China. We built a dataset based on 159 observations obtained from 18 peer-reviewed literature studies distributed in 15 different research sites and evaluated the regional-scale optimal K rates for apple production. The results showed that the linear plus platform model was more suitable for estimating the regional-scale optimal K rates, which were 208.33 and 176.61 kg K ha−1 for the Loess Plateau and Bohai Bay regions of China, respectively. Compared with high K application rates, the optimal K rates increased K use efficiency by 45.88–68.57%, with almost no yield losses. The optimal K rates also enhanced the yield by 6.30% compared with the low K application rates.
  • 576
  • 27 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Application of Biostimulants in Ornamental Horticulture
The biostimulant segment is becoming increasingly important worldwide. One of the reasons for this is that fewer plant protection products are placed on the market in the European Union, and environmental sustainability also plays an important role in their use. Biostimulants are often used in several horticultural sectors, including ornamentals, to strengthen plants, achieve commercial standards, produce quality goods, increase plant vitality, and aid harvesting.
  • 548
  • 01 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Rapeseed
Brassica napus L. provides high-quality edible oil and clean energy for humans. For a long time, rapeseed breeders have tried to breed improved varieties through traditional breeding strategies. However, B. napus is an allotetraploid species containing many repetitive sequences. It is very inefficient to change traits through traditional genetic methods such as hybridization and random mutagenesis due to gene redundancy. Today, the burgeoning CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been applied in polyploid rapeseed for gene function research and targeted genetic improvement because of its unique advantages of high efficiency and simplicity. 
  • 601
  • 25 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Application of Smart Techniques for Sustainable Crop Production
Smart farming, often known as smart agriculture, is a farming practice that uses sustainable methods to meet the population’s growing food needs while minimizing negative effects. The global community has embraced it and is supporting it. The fundamental tenet of this strategy is to effectively utilize the resources at hand for sustainable output while lowering the expenses of all activities associated with the agricultural industry. Smart agriculture represents the use of technologies such as sensors; the internet of things (IoT), which is a network of computing devices; artificial intelligence; and robotics to assist traditional agriculture and convert it into a smart and sustainable agriculture. 
  • 703
  • 27 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Mee (Madhuca longifolia) Seed Fat
Mee (Madhuca longifolia (Koenig) J.F. Macb. var. longifolia) is a salient economic tree spread throughout the subtropical region of the Indian subcontinent. Its seed constituents have distinctive chemical properties and thus extracted fat have distinctive nutritional and functional characteristics.
  • 170
  • 06 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculants
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inoculants are sustainable biological materials that can provide several benefits to plants, especially in disturbed agroecosystems and in the context of phytomanagement interventions.
  • 461
  • 28 Sep 2022
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