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Topic Review
Salivary myeloperoxidase in Patients with Systemic Diseases
Salivary myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a key mediator of the oral immune system, acting as an enzyme that utilises H2O2 to generate molecules with high bactericidal activity. While MPO determination in plasma is quite common, the use of saliva is still rare.
  • 240
  • 01 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Potential Mechanisms for Localization of Osteonecrosis
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has emerged as a complication of anti-resorptive medications. Many factors have been explored as possible localizing factors, including dental trauma, especially surgical extraction, periodontitis, impaired gingival healing, changes in oral bacteria biofilm profile, and impaired innate immune response specific to the oral cavity.
  • 224
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Molecular, Cellular and Genetic Aspects of Peri-Implantitis
Peri-implantitis is a multi-factorial disease with an inflammatory background that occurs in both soft and hard tissues surrounding implants. A wide array of cells stands behind peri-implantitis, as well as cytokines and their genetic variations that take part in the process. Recently, growing interest in this topic has led to the introduction of specific new diagnostic tools to enable a better understanding of patients’ responses to treatment and, in turn, to even enable prediction of the risk of developing peri-implant disease.
  • 369
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Multiple Sclerosis in Dental Considerations
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disorder that primarily affects the myeline covering of neurons of the central nervous system. 
  • 467
  • 12 Jul 2023
Topic Review
MMPs and MMP-8 in Periodontal Diseases
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of Ca2+ and Zn2+ dependent proteolytic enzymes, able to cleave the various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as a range of other regulatory molecules. It has proven the important role of both MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), in oral health, the initial development of the tooth, and during enamel maturation.
  • 457
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Lasers in Orthodontics
The orthodontics field is constantly looking for innovations to improve mechanical efficiency of tooth movement and patient's quality of life during treatment. New scientific reports on phototherapy and how it can optimize different stages of corrective treatment (before, during and after treatment) are discussed. Recurrent conditions that can be treated with lasers include removal of carious tissue, dentine hypersensitivity, and temporomandibular disorders. There is evidence that laser treatment optimize recovery, enabling the individual to start orthodontic treatment sooner. Along orthodontic interventions, photobiomodulation therapy is indicated for post-activation analgesia, repairing traumatic ulcers, and accelerating tooth movement. In addition, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is also suitable for effective decontamination of oral infections such as herpes lesions and peri-implantitis. Finally, high-intensity lasers are a powerful ally in removing brackets and restoring the red aesthetics. The use of light sources in orthodontic routines has many advantages, including simplicity of technique, ease of handling of the appliance, minimal invasiveness, and patient comfort during the procedure. It is crucial that professionals develop a critical view of technological advances to provide safe, evidence-based treatments. Laser treatment improves the patient's experience during orthodontic treatment and minimizes side effects of clinical procedures.
  • 330
  • 30 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid in Dentistry
Additive manufacturing (AM), which is also called rapid prototyping/3D printing/layered manufacturing, can be considered as a rapid conversion between digital and physical models. One of the most used materials in AM is polylactic acid (PLA), which has advantageous material properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. For many medical applications, it is considered as a leading biomaterial. In dentistry, in addition to its uses in dental models (education, teaching, simulation needs), it can be used for therapeutic objectives and tissue engineering.
  • 637
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Bulk-Fill Resins versus Conventional Resins
Composite resins have become the material of choice for the restoration of posterior teeth. Although bulk-fill resins represent a tempting alternative due to their lower complexity and faster use, some dentists are reluctant to use this material. 
  • 404
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Biomechanical Aspects at Dental Implant-Abutment Interfaces
The interface between a dental implant and an abutment is stabilized by two mechanical characteristics: a preload of an abutment screw and the friction between the contact surfaces of the implant and the abutment. These mechanical properties are quantitatively analyzed by using physical and mechanical formulas. The important thing is that such mechanical properties cause various biological phenomena when medical devices are inserted into human bodies. Some mechanical complications in dental implant prostheses are closely associated with biological complications.
  • 498
  • 13 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Currently Existing Pathogenesis of Oral Lichen Planus
Lichen ruber planus (LP) is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory mucocutaneus disease that influences the hair, skin, and nails, as well as the genital, oesophageal, laryngeal, conjunctival, and oral mucosa. Mostly, it is isolated only in the oral cavity without involving the skin or other mucous membranes. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory process activated by an unknown antigen, making basal keratinocytes vulnerable to a cytotoxic cell mediated immune response.
  • 353
  • 12 Jun 2023
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