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Topic Review
Microplastics in Freshwater
The low production costs and useful properties of synthetic polymers have led to their ubiquitous use, from food packaging and household products to high-tech applications in medicine and electronics. Incomplete recycling of plastic materials results in an accumulation of plastic waste, which slowly degrades to produce tiny plastic particles, commonly known as “microplastics” (MPs).
  • 376
  • 11 Jan 2023
Topic Review Video
Microplastics on the Environment
There has been mounting concern about the bearing of microplastics on human health and the comprehensive natural environment. These particles come from a variety of sources, such as soaps, personal care products, and the rundown of bigger plastic items. The impacts of microplastics on marine life and other ecosystems are substantial, including ingestion by marine animals, interference with their reproductive systems, and even death. The economic implications of microplastics are also significant, with industries, such as fishing and tourism being affected by the presence of microplastics in the environment.
  • 407
  • 25 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Microseismic Monitoring and Analysis with Cutting-Edge Technology
Microseismic monitoring is a useful enabler for reservoir characterization without which the information on the effects of reservoir operations such as hydraulic fracturing, enhanced oil recovery, carbon dioxide, or natural gas geological storage would be obscured. The global energy demand is projected to increase. To meet the increasing energy demand requires new technologies to exploit unconventional reserves. Similarly, calls for climate actions such as carbon geosequestration, hydrogen generation, and geological hydrogen storage will require an improvement in reservoir characterization methods.
  • 479
  • 02 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Microwave- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Cucurbita pepo Seeds
Cucurbita pepo, also referred to as “summer squash” or “zucchini”, originates from Central and South America, being currently cultivated worldwide in warm regions.
  • 633
  • 14 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics
Microwave treatment, owning specific interactions between the electric field and the molecules of treated materials, presents potential advantages in the application of plastic pyrolysis. High value-added liquid oil, gas and solid carbon can be obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) of plastics. Factors that affect the distribution of pyrolysis products of plastics include the properties of plastics, microwave treatment parameters, microwave absorber, co-pyrolysis, catalysts and reactor design. MAP of plastics has broad application prospects, and large-scale pyrolysis processing devices need to be developed. At the same time, the research platform of MAP simulation of plastics still needs to be developed.
  • 935
  • 05 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Microwave/Ultrasound Based Sludge Treatment Methods
The amount of waste activated sludge (WAS) is increasing annually, and since it presents potential environmental and health-related risks, an appropriate treatment and stabilization process is needed. It has been shown in numerous studies in the past few decades that amongst the advanced treatment methods of sludge, microwave and ultrasound-based processes offer promising and effective alternatives. The main advantage of these physical methods is that they are energy-efficient, easy to implement and can be combined with other types of treatment procedures without major difficulties.
  • 743
  • 06 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Middle Eastern Philosophy
Middle Eastern philosophy includes the various philosophies of the Middle East regions, including the Fertile Crescent, Iran, and Anatolia. Traditions include Ancient Egyptian philosophy, Babylonian philosophy, Jewish philosophy, Iranian/Persian philosophy, and Islamic philosophy.
  • 2.4K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Milas
Milas (Ancient Greek:, Mylasa) is an ancient city and the seat of the district of the same name in Muğla Province in southwestern Turkey. The city commands a region with an active economy and very rich in history and ancient remains, the territory of Milas containing a remarkable twenty-seven archaeological sites of note. The city was the first capital of ancient Caria and of the Anatolian beylik of Menteşe in mediaeval times. The nearby Mausoleum of Hecatomnus is classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Milas is focused on agricultural and aquacultural processing, related industrial activities, services, transportation (particularly since the opening of Milas-Bodrum Airport), tourism and culture. The centre lies about 20 km from the coast and is closer to the airport than Bodrum itself, with many late arrival passengers of the high season increasingly opting to stay in Milas rather than in Bodrum where accommodation is likely to be difficult to find. Milas district covers a total area of 2167 km2 and this area follows a total coastline length of 150 km, both to the north-west in the Gulf of Güllük and to the south along the Gulf of Gökova, and to these should be added the shores of Lake Bafa in the north divided between the district area of Milas and that of Aydın district of Söke. Along with the province seat of Muğla and the province's southernmost district of Fethiye, Milas is among the prominent settlements of south-west Turkey, these three centers being on a par with each other in terms of all-year population and the area their depending districts cover. Five townships have their own municipalities, and a total of 114 villages depend on Milas, distinguishing the district with a record number of dependent settlements for a very wide surrounding region. Milas center is situated on a fertile plain at the foot of Mount Sodra, on and around which sizable quarries of white marble are found and have been used since very ancient times.
  • 420
  • 07 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Mine Closure and Ecological Reclamation
Faced with the ongoing energy transition and the escalating fragility of our natural ecosystems, ecological reclamation emerges as an imperative necessity. 
  • 223
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Mineral Fertilizers
Soil is a strategic resource and a vital part of the environment, being the main source of agricultural products. The human race receives about 95% of food products in the form of crops from cultivated land. The main task of land users is to preserve and increase soil fertility and then increase the productivity of agrocenoses and protect agroecosystems from pollution. The optimal physiological development of plants is ensured by adequate nutrition, primarily mineral nutrition. In the majority of soils, mineral salts are present in sufficient quantities. If not, their need for minerals can be fulfilled with mineral fertilizers.
  • 875
  • 25 May 2023
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