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Topic Review
Soil Nanomanagement and Mushrooms
Soil is the main component in the agroecosystem besides water, microbial communities, and cultivated plants. Several problems face soil, including soil pollution, erosion, salinization, and degradation on a global level. Many approaches have been applied to overcome these issues, such as phyto-, bio-, and nanoremediation through different soil management tools. Mushrooms can play a vital role in the soil through bio-nanoremediation, especially under the biological synthesis of nanoparticles, which could be used in the bioremediation process. 
  • 497
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Soil and Mushrooms
Mushrooms, like other fungi, have a strong impact on soil, both positive and negative. The compost that forms from spent mushroom substrate could be applied to soil as an organic fertilizer, which could increase soil microbial activity and the content of amino acid metabolites in studied orchard. Mushroom also could be used as a bioindicator for soil pollution, such as soil polluted with heavy metals, toxic elements, organic pollutants, radioactives, or isotopes, as well as for health risk indices. The green synthesis of nanoparticles using mushrooms and the potential of bio-nanoremediation for polluted soils. The distinguished roles of mushrooms of soil improvement are considered a crucial dimension for sustainable soil management, which may include controlling soil erosion, improving soil aggregates, increasing soil organic matter content, enhancing the bioavailability of soil nutrients, and resorting to damaged and/or polluted soils. The field of bio-nanoremediation using mushrooms still requires further investigation, particularly regarding the sustainable management of soils.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Metagenomic Approaches in Soil and Water
Natural resources are considered a promising source of microorganisms responsible for producing biocatalysts with great relevance in several industrial areas. However, a significant fraction of the environmental microorganisms remains unknown or unexploited due to the limitations associated with their cultivation in the laboratory through classical techniques. Metagenomics has emerged as an innovative and strategic approach to explore these unculturable microorganisms through the analysis of DNA extracted from environmental samples. 
  • 438
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Contribution of Opuntia Species to Ecosystem
Opuntia is an invasive flowering succulent plant species that grows up to 5 m tall and is a crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant which belongs to the Cactaceae family.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Global and Regional (Baltics) Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major greenhouse gasses (GHGs), which, if released into the atmosphere, is reflecting infrared radiation back to the Earth’s surface and traps the radiant heat. Therefore, excessive CO2 emissions are of global concern as they are amongst the main contributors to climate change.
  • 389
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Molecular to Meteorological
The path from molecular to meteorological scales begins with the persistence of molecular velocity after collision inducing symmetry breaking, from continuous translational to scale invariant, associated with the emergence of hydrodynamic behaviour in a Maxwellian (randomised) population undergoing an anisotropic flux. The statistical multifractal formulation of observed atmospheric variability enables the examination of turbulence. The unexpected correlation between the intermittency of temperature and the ozone photodissociation rate in the lower Arctic stratosphere led to an analysis of the role of Gibbs free energy in the general circulation of the atmosphere, and a suggestion to solve the persistent cold bias in its siumlation by free running numerical models.
  • 397
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Recovery of Palladium from the Spent Automobile Catalysts
The spent automobile catalysts (SAC) is the major secondary source of palladium and the production of SAC is increasing rapidly over years. The price of palladium keeps rising over the years, which demonstrates its preciousness and urgent industrial demand. Recovering palladium from the spent automobile catalysts benefits a lot from economic and environmental protection aspects.  Hydrometallurgical methods such as chloride leaching with oxidants possess a high selectivity of palladium and low consumption of energy, and are cost-effective and flexible for different volume feeds compared with pyrometallurgical methods. The recovery ratios of palladium and other platinum-group metals should be the focus of competition since their prices have been rapidly increased over the years, and hence more efficient extractants with high selectivity of palladium even in the complexed leachate should be proposed in the future. 
  • 1.7K
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Climate-Resilient and Climate-Neutral City
The urban heat island (UHI) effect is the main problem regarding a city’s climate. It is the main adverse effect of urbanization and negatively affects human thermal comfort levels as defined by physiological equivalent temperature (PET) in the urban environment. Blue and green infrastructure (BGI) solutions may mitigate the UHI effect. First, however, it is necessary to understand the problem from the degrading side. Researchers related to urban planning, architecture, and climatology are developing the city-UHI relationship’s mechanics and effective mitigation strategies based on the already-known dependencies. What the future urban environment should look like in order to be resilient to climate change and to be climate neutral are examined here.
  • 508
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Water Quality and Pollution in Time of COVID-19
Researchers proposes an assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic positive and negative impacts on water bodies on different continents. Regarding the positive impacts, the SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in sewage waters is a useful mechanism in the promptly exposure of community infections and, during the pandemic, many water bodies all over the world had lower pollution levels. The negative impacts are as follows: SARS-CoV-2 presence in untreated sewage water amplifies the risk to human health; there is a lack of adequate elimination processes of plastics, drugs, and biological pollution in wastewater treatment plants; the amount of municipal and medical waste that pollutes water bodies increased; and waste recycling decreased. Urgent preventive measures need to be taken to implement effective solutions for water protection.
  • 831
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Applications of High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence
Steroids are compounds widely available in nature and synthesized for therapeutic and medical purposes. Steroids can be found in various environmental samples, including water, plant, and animal samples as well as in a variety of pharmaceutical forms. Due its sensitivity and selectivity, high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) is widely used for detection of steroids in pharmaceutical and environmental samples.
  • 948
  • 11 Apr 2022
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