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Topic Review
Information and Communication Technology Systems and Innovation
Entrepreneurship has become increasingly important for innovation and economic growth. The connection of innovation and entrepreneurship to Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is gradually being increasingly recognised as a catalyst and a facilitator of social and economic growth. Innovation, as a rule, causes companies to be more creative, experimenting with the development of new processes, services, and products, thus giving rise to new business models that allow companies to expand and improve overall competitiveness. ICTs have been pointed out as a key factor in developing innovation. 
  • 895
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Information and Communication Technology and CO2 Emissions
The expansion of ICT has led to higher electricity consumption due to the increase in ICT terminal devices, networks, and large-scale data centers, resulting in an increase in power consumption. Data centers, in particular, contain IT hardware, such as computers and data storage devices; various types of network equipment for communication (routers, switches, modems, etc.); and heating and cooling infrastructure. The energy used by data centers is 10–100 times that compared to the amount used by commercial buildings in the same area. According to UNEP and DTU, the amount of electricity consumed by data centers in 2018 corresponded to 1% of the global electricity demand, but it is expected to account for more than 20% of the total electricity demand in 2030. If ICT electricity consumption increases at the current rate, it will have a negative impact on reducing CO2 emissions. In other words, the expansion of ICT equipment supply accompanies the demand for electricity in terms of use, which leads to an increase in CO2 emissions.
  • 706
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Informal Sector Employment and Economic Growth
Originating in the context of third-world countries, the informal sector constitutes a dominant part of the economy and is identified as an untapped reservoir of opportunities in terms of employment and the entrepreneurial capabilities of developing countries; it is often called the subordinate zone of the overall economy that can play a significant role in the growth and socio-economic development of countries across the world. The informal sector accounts for almost half of the economic activities in developing countries. These activities were initially backed by the core assumptions of the classical theory that the informal economy would wither away after achieving persistent growth. However, the new view of the informal economy features it as contemporary growth that should proceed as a result of the changed economic context of countries. The prevalent feature of the informal economy around the globe provides support to the new view of informality, mentioned as a dichotomist’s approach, which indicates that the informal economy will not wither away; rather, it will be contested in an arrangement of interdependent coexistence with distinctively different conditions, notably in terms of employment arrangements.
  • 1.6K
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Informal Methods (Validation and Verification)
Informal methods of validation and verification are some of the more frequently used in modeling and simulation. They are called informal because they are more qualitative than quantitative. Whereas many methods of validation or verification rely on numerical results, informal methods tend to rely on the opinions of experts to draw a conclusion. While numerical results are not the primary focus, this does not mean that the numerical results are completely ignored. There are several reasons why an informal method might be chosen. In some cases, informal methods offer the convenience of quick testing to see if a model can be validated. In other instances, informal methods are the best available option. In all cases though it is important to note that informal does not mean it is any less of a true testing method. These methods should be performed with the same discipline and structure that one would expect in "formal" methods. When executed in such a way, solid conclusions can be made. In modeling and simulation, verification techniques are used to analyze the state of the model. Verification is completed by different methods with the focus of comparing different aspects of the executable model with the conceptual model. On the other hand, validation methods are the methods by which a model, either conceptual or executable is compared with the situation it is trying to model. Both are methods by which the model can be analyzed to help find defects in the modeling methods being used, or potential misrepresentations of the real-life situation.
  • 1.2K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Influencing Factors of Enterprise Market Value
Enterprise value is an important characterization of the state of a company, which is closely related to its investment decisions and also affects the performance of the stock market, and it thus receives a great deal of attention. To improve resource allocation efficiency and government management, research on firm values is necessary. 
  • 222
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Influencer Engagement on Social Media
The interactive capabilities of social media (SM) can provide a conceptual parallel to the conversational nature underlying the concept of engagement. For example, SM users’ interactions with specific brands are concrete manifestations of engagement marked by varying degrees of affective and/or cognitive and/or behavioral investment.
  • 607
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Influence of Tourism Safety Perception on Destination Image
Tourism safety perception affect multiple dimensions of destination image to varying degrees. Tourists with a high safety perception evaluate and affectively experience destination attributes more positively with higher satisfaction and stronger willingness to revisit and recommend. Tourism safety perception affects the stereotype image of the destination to a certain extent. Tourists in general produce a broadly homogeneous stereotype image, but there are differences in diversity and emotions. Tourists with a high safety perception have a richer and more positive stereotype image. 
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Influence of Technologies on Sustainable Tourism
This study’s objective is to provide an overview on literature state-of-the-art related to sustainable tourism and technological innovations, offering insights for further advancing this domain. We employ a bibliometric analysis and a comprehensive review of 139 articles, collected from Web of Science and Scopus databases, for the purpose of: (i) exploring and discussing the most relevant contributions in the publication network: (ii) highlighting key issues and emerging topics; (iii) uncovering open questions for the future. Our findings reveal contradictory views on the risks and benefits of technology adoption. Artificial intelligence, internet of things, circular economy, big data, augmented and virtual reality emerge as major trends. Five work streams are identified and described, leading to a broader perspective on how technology can shape the future of sustainable tourism. Relevant theoretical and managerial implications are derived. Finally, a research agenda is proposed as guidance for future studies addressing the outcomes of digital disruption on sustainable tourism.
  • 3.7K
  • 29 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Influence of SDG on Firm Performance
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seek to enhance human dignity and prosperity while simultaneously safeguarding the planet’s fundamental biophysical processes and ecosystem services. They recognize that reducing poverty and inequality necessitates long-term economic growth, peace, and justice strategies, as well as strategies to address basic social needs such as education, health, social protection, and job opportunities—all while addressing climate change and improving environmental protection.
  • 729
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Influence of Media Information Sources on Vaccine Uptake
Vaccine hesitancy is a significant public health concern, with numerous studies demonstrating its negative impact on immunization rates. One factor that can influence vaccine hesitancy is media coverage of vaccination. The media is a significant source of immunization information and can significantly shape people’s attitudes and behaviors toward vaccine uptake. Media influences vaccination positively or negatively. Accurate coverage of the benefits and effectiveness of vaccination can encourage uptake, while coverage of safety concerns or misinformation may increase hesitancy.
  • 519
  • 15 Nov 2023
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