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Topic Review
Supply Chain 4.0
The rapid development of information and communication technologies over the last few years has resulted in the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution—Industry 4.0—and had a significant impact on their integration into supply chains. Technology advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics (BDA), and blockchains have accelerated the shift to Industry 4.0. Supply chains benefit from Industry 4.0 in three distinct ways: vertical integration, horizontal integration, and end-to-end engineering.
  • 521
  • 26 May 2022
Topic Review
Supervisor Bottom-Line Mentality and Knowledge Hiding
Organizations need to respond to multiple demands, not only of shareholders but of stakeholders. Supervisor mentality that focuses on bottom-line goals, such as financial performance, can result in negative consequences. We used conservation of resources theory to examine how and when employees engage in knowledge hiding toward coworkers was influenced by supervisor bottom-line mentality. A two-wave survey (N = 274) revealed a positive impact of supervisor bottom-line mentality on knowledge hiding toward coworkers via prevention-based psychological ownership. Further, the higher the competitive psychological climate, the stronger the positive relationship between supervisor bottom-line mentality and knowledge hiding via prevention-based psychological ownership. 
  • 347
  • 25 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Supervision of Complex Banking Networks
The global financial crisis of 2008, triggered by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, highlighted a banking system that was widely exposed to systemic risk. The minimization of the systemic risk via a close and detailed monitoring of the entire banking network became a priority.
  • 351
  • 14 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Superconductivity and Hydrogen Economy
Hydrogen as an energy carrier is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, and it becomes more and more popular in developed countries as a carbon-free fuel. The low boiling temperature of hydrogen (20 K or −253.15 °C) provides a unique opportunity to implement superconductors with a critical temperature above 20 K such as MgB2 or high-temperature superconductors. Superconductors increase efficiency and reduce the loss of energy, which could compensate for the high price of LH2 to some extent. Norway is one of the pioneer countries with adequate infrastructure for using liquid hydrogen in the industry, especially in marine technology where a superconducting propulsion system can make a remarkable impact on its economy. Using superconductors in the motor of a propulsion system can increase its efficiency from 95% to 98% when the motor operates at full power. The difference in efficiency is even greater when the motor does not work at full power.
  • 702
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Sunday Shopping
Sunday shopping, also called Sunday trading, refers to the ability of retailers to operate stores on Sunday, a day that Christian tradition typically recognises as a day of rest. Rules governing shopping hours, such as Sunday shopping, vary around the world and some countries and subnational jurisdictions ban or restrict Sunday shopping.
  • 701
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Studies on Smart Cities
The concept of smart cities has gained significant momentum in science and policy circles over the past decade. This study aims to provide an overview of the structure and trends in the literature on smart cities. Bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques using VOSviewer and CiteSpace are used to identify the thematic focus of over 5000 articles indexed in the Web of Science since 1991. In addition to providing insights into the thematic evolution of the field, the three-decade study period is divided into two sub-periods (1991–2015 and 2016–2021). While splitting the dataset into more sub-periods would have been desirable, we decided to only examine two sub-periods as only very few papers have been published until 2010. The annual number of publications has progressively increased since then, with a surge in the annual number of publications observable from 2015 onwards. The thematic analysis showed that the intellectual base of the field has been very limited during the first period, but has expanded significantly since 2015. Over time, some thematic evolutions, such as further attention to linkages to climate change and resilience, and more emphasis on security and privacy issues, have been made. The thematic analysis shows that existing research on smart cities is dominated by either conceptual issues or underlying technical aspects. It is, therefore, essential to do more research on the implementation of smart cities and actual and/or potential contributions of smart cities to solving societal issues. In addition to elaborating on thematic focus, the study also highlights major authors, journals, references, countries, and institutions that have contributed to the development of the smart cities literature. 
  • 2.1K
  • 07 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Student Evaluations of Teaching
Student evaluations of teaching (SETs) reflect a broad range of objective and subjective qualities of instructors. These relate to academic discipline, gender and other demographics, and teaching experience. Student evaluations are a standard component of the way colleges and universities assess the quality of an instructor’s teaching for purposes of promotion and tenure, merit raise allocations, and reappointment. 
  • 85
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Strategies for Employee Retention in Hospitality Industry
Employee retention is contingent on employee satisfaction, which is comprised of four factors: sustainable positive work environment; sustainable growth opportunities; sustainable & effective communication; and sustainable & effective recruitment and selection practices. 
  • 6.5K
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Strategic Organizational Sustainability under Sustainable Development Goals
This entry aims to explore the implementation of sustainability strategies in Portuguese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
  • 288
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Strategic KPIs in Sustainable Strategy Development
The planning and development of the university strategy is closely linked to the university’s current performance, key priorities, and capabilities. Researchers have developed an approach for strategic direction evaluation and ongoing key performance indicator analysis. 
  • 485
  • 19 Jan 2022
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