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Topic Review
Belief
In sociology, the concept of beliefs refers to the mental acceptance or conviction that certain statements or propositions are true. Beliefs are subjective and personal convictions that individuals hold about the nature of reality, the social world, and various aspects of life. These cognitive constructs play a fundamental role in shaping human behavior, influencing decision-making processes, and contributing to the formation of individual and collective identities within a society.
  • 388
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Benazir Income Support Programme
The Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) also Known as Ehsaas Programme Pakistan is a federal unconditional cash transfer poverty reduction program in Pakistan . Launched in July 2008, it is the largest single social safety net program in the country with nearly Rs. 90 billion ($900 million) distributed to 5.4 million beneficiaries in 2016. The Department for International Development of the United Kingdom is the largest foreign backer of the program, providing $244 million (or 27%) of the total funds in 2016 with the Pakistani Government providing the rest. As of 2016, the program distributes Rs.19,338 (or approx. $195) per annum distributed per month. The stipend is linked to the Consumer Price Index and is paid through a smart card. For now, Dr Sania Nishtar is Chairman of BISP in regime of PTI governance.
  • 8.7K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Benefit Fraud in the United Kingdom
Benefit fraud is a form of welfare fraud as found within the system of government benefits paid to individuals by the welfare state in the United Kingdom.
  • 257
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Benefits of Online Tourism Sources
Online sources of information are a matter of special interest in tourism research. In particular, they are key elements in the formation of destination image. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between online sources of information and destination image and to analyze the mediating role of motivation to co-create in that relationship. A research model was developed, and hypotheses were tested on data collected from 394 usable responses about the World Heritage city of Cuenca (Spain). The results show that online commercial sources have a direct positive impact on the conative, affective and cognitive dimensions of the tourist image, in this order. Additionally, this study supports the view that motivation to co-create mediates the relationship between online information sources and destination image. Finally, motivation to co-create was also found to have a positive and direct impact, in this order, on conative, cognitive and affective image. The main value of our research is that it underlines the essential influence of motivation to co-create in the relationship between online information sources and destination image. This study also provides a critical review of the existing literature by positing a conceptual theoretical framework that links three types of online sources of information (social media sources, online commercial sources and online non-commercial sources) and destination image. 
  • 825
  • 16 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Benefits of Participation in High-Adventure Activities for Youth
Positive youth development (PYD) is a framework that focuses on promoting positive youth outcomes rather than reducing undesirable behaviors, often through engagement in positive youth development programs.
  • 542
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
Benevolent Leadership on Job Engagement
This research examines how job engagement (JE) is affected by benevolent leadership (BL). This research also explores psychological safety (PS) and workplace friendship (WF) as mediators.
  • 179
  • 10 Oct 2023
Biography
Bern Dibner
Bern Dibner (18 August 1897 – 6 January 1988) was an electrical engineer, industrialist, and historian of science and technology. He originated two major US library collections in the history of science and technology. Dibner was born in Lisianka, near Kiev, Ukraine in 1897. His family was Jewish.[1] He moved to the United States with his family at the age of 7. In 1921, he graduated fro
  • 596
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Bible Belt
The Bible Belt is a region of the Southern United States in which socially conservative Protestant Christianity plays a strong role in society and politics, and church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation's average. The region contrasts with the religiously diverse Midwest and Great Lakes, and the Mormon corridor in Utah and southern Idaho. Whereas the states with the highest percentage of residents identifying as non-religious are in the West and New England regions of the United States (with Vermont at 37%, ranking the highest), in the Bible Belt state of Alabama it is just 12%, and Tennessee has the highest proportion of evangelical Protestants, at 52%. The evangelical influence is strongest in northern Georgia, Tennessee , Alabama, Mississippi, North Carolina, southern and western Virginia, West Virginia, the Upstate region of South Carolina, and East Texas . The earliest known usage of the term "Bible Belt" was by American journalist and social commentator H. L. Mencken, who in 1924 wrote in the Chicago Daily Tribune: "The old game, I suspect, is beginning to play out in the Bible Belt." In 1927, Mencken claimed the term as his invention. The term is now also used in other countries for regions with higher religious doctrine adoption.
  • 7.1K
  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Bibliometric Analysis of Objective&Subjective Risk
The bibliometric analysis is a useful method when it comes to quantifying research outputs and when using the Scopus database. Using the bibliometric analysis method, this study aims to identify documents from the Scopus database that are most cited when doing a research study related to “objective risk” or “subjective risk”. Likewise, this study also adopted the use of the bibliometric analysis method in identifying the top 20 main sources of most cited documents, authors of most cited documents, and countries of most cited documents.
  • 506
  • 30 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Big Data Usage in European Countries
Big data refers to the vast amount of structured and unstructured data generated in the digital era. It provides opportunities for analysis, prediction, and optimization. In Europe, big data is being increasingly used by businesses, organizations, and governments to gain insights and make informed decisions. However, the adoption and utilization of big data technologies vary across different European countries due to factors like infrastructure, policies, regulations, data privacy concerns, and digital maturity. Presented study aims to explore these variations, providing valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and businesses. It seeks to inform policy decisions, support business strategies, and enhance the understanding of big data in Europe.
  • 421
  • 26 Dec 2023
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