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Topic Review
Samasource
Samasource employs low-income workers in developing countries to classify data, among other tech work. Samasource mission is to expand opportunity for low-income individuals through the digital economy. One of the first organizations to engage in impact sourcing, Samasource trains workers in basic computer skills and pays a local living wage for their labor. Additionally, Samasource provides health and wellness education, professional skills development, a scholarship program to assist with continuing education costs, and a program to provide micro loans and mentorship to aspiring entrepreneurs. Some of Samasource's clients include Walmart, Google, General Motors and Microsoft. Samasource has offices in San Francisco, California , New York, The Hague, Costa Rica, Montreal , Nairobi, Kenya, Kampala, Uganda and Gulu, Uganda. The organization currently owns and operates delivery centers in Nairobi and Gulu, Uganda, and partners with additional delivery centers in India . Samasource previously had paid workers in Haiti, Pakistan , Ghana, and South Africa .
  • 1.4K
  • 01 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Safety-Management Practices and Occupational Accidents
Occupational accidents in organizations result in huge damages to employees’ lives every year. However, organizations have financial costs to bear in terms of productivity, compensation paid, and workdays lost. In addition, they also face the nonfinancial cost of occupational accidents, e.g., the psychological trauma of employee absence from work. In the last two decades, investigations of major industrial accidents pointed out leading factors, e.g., poor safety management. Therefore, attention to occupational accident prevention has been shifted from human and technical errors to catering employees’ safety with management practices. In this regard, safety management plays the most significant role in intervening in the caution process of occupational accidents. 
  • 1.4K
  • 28 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Safety and Risk Perceptions in Tourism
Given the global character of the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism recovery should be addressed by enhancing the governmental safety measures, as well as studying the perceived travel risks and individual coping behavior. In public health crisis contexts, people deal with their fear by employing different coping strategies, which foster individual adaptability and mitigate related contextual losses. Addressing the main constructs under analysis, perceived risks and tourism safety perceptions are discussed, as well as the resulting coping behavior in post-pandemic times, namely the acceptance of restrictions and adaptative behavioral intentions.
  • 509
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage: The Amazonian Kichwa People
Indigenous peoples are the holders of a great diversity of tangible and intangible cultural heritage (uses, representations, expressions, knowledge and techniques), also known as living heritage. 
  • 1.3K
  • 11 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Russia under Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin has served three terms and is currently in a fourth as President of Russia (2000–2004, 2004–2008, 2012–2018 and May 2018 to present) and was Acting President from 1999 to 2000, succeeding Boris Yeltsin after Yeltsin's resignation. Putin was also Prime Minister for three months in 1999 and served a full term from 2008 to 2012. During Putin's presidency, he has been a member of the Unity party and the United Russia party. He is also affiliated with the People’s Front, a group of supporters that Putin organized in 2011 to help improve the public's perception of United Russia. His political ideology, priorities and policies are sometimes referred to as Putinism (Russian: путинизм). Putin has enjoyed very high domestic approval ratings and in 2007 was Time magazine's Person of the Year. In 2015, he was designated No. 1 in Time 100, Time magazine's list of the top 100 most influential people in the world. In 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, he was designated No. 1 on the Forbes list of The World’s Most Powerful People. The Russian economy and standard of living grew rapidly during the early period of Putin's regime, fueled largely by a boom in the oil industry. However, lower oil prices and sanctions for Russia's annexation of Crimea led to recession and stagnation in 2015 that has persisted into the present day.. Political freedoms have been sharply curtailed, leading to widespread condemmnation from human rights groups.
  • 1.3K
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Rural Tourism Destination
Rural tourism is considered a high potential form of tourism, enhanced by the demand for more sustainable and nature-based solutions, and able to contribute to territory resilience. A rural area is not necessarily a tourist destination, but it might become one, if agricultural enterprises are willing to diversify their economic activities by investing in rural tourism, and local actors provide active support and co-participation.
  • 3.8K
  • 05 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Rural Single-Vehicle Crashes
The impact of traffic crashes on sustainable development cannot be ignored because accidents will cause significant property damage and personal injury. Among various crash types, single-vehicle (SV) crashes account for a high fatality rate; according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the number of SV crashes and fatalities accounted for 16% and 36.9% of the respective totals for all crashes. The impact of SV crashes on road safety is daunting. This phenomenon is particularly obvious in rural areas of China because road infrastructure and medical assistance in these areas are worrisome.
  • 529
  • 21 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Rural Planning
Rural planning is a broad academic term and human practice covering a range of topics, such as rural landscape, industry development, livelihoods of villagers and farmers, environmental conservation, and health care delivery. The objective of rural planning is to achieve rural development through the allocation and management of resources, mediated by developmentalist configuration and local communities. Rural planning could be organized at different levels, from global, national, and regional plans to plans at a village level. The time span of a rural planning is also very diverse, ranging from years to decades.
  • 6.3K
  • 14 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Rural Livelihood Climate Vulnerability
Rural livelihood vulnerability to climate change impacts is one of the major policy challenges for sustainable development. Rural socio-economic systems are different from urban and peri-urban systems because of high dependence on climate sensitive natural resources for livelihood practices, access to which is significantly influenced by context-specific socio-cultural and political properties. Rural livelihood vulnerability, therefore, needs to be understood considering both climatic and non-climatic factors. By articulating the Vulnerability Assessment (VA) Framework and the Sustainable Rural Livelihoods (SRL) Framework into a shared conceptual framing, this entry defines the rural livelihood vulnerability and outlines its assessment process. In so doing, the framing borrows three vulnerability components (i.e., exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) for its structural outline and derives analytical variables from the SRL framework.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Aug 2020
Topic Review
Rural Development
The development of rural areas is a significant component in social and economic activities. It is very important for optimizing the allocation of rural production and living factors, promoting the integration of urban and rural areas and sustainable development to identify the characteristics and main types of regional rural development.
  • 1.4K
  • 08 Sep 2021
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