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Topic Review
Collaborative Writing for University Student
University students are frequently required to collaborate, often in the form of collaborative writing tasks. The process as well as the outcomes of the collaboration depend on choices made during the group formation phase. 
  • 136
  • 18 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Collection (Artwork)
A museum is distinguished by a collection of often unique objects that forms the core of its activities for exhibitions, education, research, etc. This differentiates it from an archive or library, where the contents may be more paper-based, replaceable and less exhibition oriented, or a private collection of art formed by an individual, family or institution that may grant no public access. A museum normally has a collecting policy for new acquisitions, so only objects in certain categories and of a certain quality are accepted into the collection. The process by which an object is formally included in the collection is called accessioning and each object is given a unique accession number. Museum collections, and archives in general, are normally catalogued in a collection catalogue, traditionally in a card index, but nowadays in a computerized database. Transferring collection catalogues onto computer-based media is a major undertaking for most museums. All new acquisitions are normally catalogued on a computer in modern museums, but there is typically a backlog of old catalogue entries to be computerized as time and funding allows.
  • 523
  • 07 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Collections Management (Museum)
Collections management involves the development, storage, and preservation of collections and cultural heritage. The primary goal of collections management is to meet the needs of the individual collector or collecting institution's mission statement, while also ensuring the long-term safety and sustainability of the cultural objects within the collector's care. Collections management, which consists primarily of the administrative responsibilities associated with collection development, is closely related to collections care, which is the physical preservation of cultural heritage. The professions most influenced by collections management include collection managers, registrars, and archivists.
  • 1.9K
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Collective Action
Collective action refers to the coordinated efforts of individuals or groups to pursue common goals or address shared interests, often through collaborative or cooperative means. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including protests, strikes, social movements, and community organizing, aimed at achieving social, political, economic, or environmental change through collective mobilization and solidarity.
  • 268
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Collective Behavior
Collective behavior refers to the spontaneous and unstructured actions of individuals within a group or society. Unlike more predictable forms of behavior guided by established norms and institutions, collective behavior emerges when people respond to a situation or event in ways that are often unplanned and can be unconventional.
  • 437
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Collective Consciousness
Collective consciousness, a concept introduced by sociologist Emile Durkheim, refers to the shared beliefs, values, norms, and symbols that unite members of a society and shape their collective identity. It represents the collective understanding of social reality, guiding individuals' behaviors, interactions, and perceptions within a community. Collective consciousness fosters social cohesion, solidarity, and integration by providing a common framework for interpreting the world and coordinating social action.
  • 658
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Collective Construction of a Concept
Collective construction of a concept can be understood as the negotiation of a meaning represented in the form of written definitions in a collaborative way. Although it can be understood as a reductionist view, these verbal externalizations will be necessary for a group of people to collectively construct a concept. 
  • 2.2K
  • 11 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Collective Leadership
Collective leadership is a distribution of power within an organizational structure.
  • 484
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Collective Leadership in the Soviet Union
Collective leadership (Russian: коллективное руководство, kollektivnoye rukovodstvo), or Collectivity of leadership (Russian: коллективность руководства, kollektivnost rukovodstva), was considered the ideal form of governance in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and other socialist states espousing communism. Its main task was to distribute powers and functions among the Politburo and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, as well as the Council of Ministers, to hinder any attempts to create a one-man dominance over the Soviet political system by a Soviet leader, such as that seen under Joseph Stalin 's rule. On the national level, the heart of the collective leadership was officially the Central Committee of the Communist Party. Collective leadership was characterised by limiting the powers of the General Secretary and the Chairman of the Council of Ministers as related to other offices by enhancing the powers of collective bodies, such as the Politburo. Collective leadership was introduced following Stalin's death in 1953 and subsequent party leaders ruled as part of a collective. First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev criticized Stalin's dictatorial rule at the 20th Party Congress, but his increasingly erratic decisions lead to his ouster in 1964. He was replaced in his posts by Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and by Alexei Kosygin as Premier. Though Brezhnev gained more and more prominence over his colleagues, he retained the Politburo's support by consulting its members on all policies. Collective leadership was maintained under Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko. Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms espoused open discussion, leading to members of the leadership openly disagreeing on how little or how much reform was needed to rejuvenate the Soviet system.
  • 523
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Collective Spaces in Achieving Social Sustainability
The outdoor collective spaces in most residential areas play a major role in social stability and unification. These are important components of the housing environment because they provide places for complimentary activities of housing units, mainly social interaction. Thus, good outdoors should ensure good social relations, a good sense of belonging to the place, and a stable social life for the residents.
  • 569
  • 05 Aug 2022
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