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Topic Review
Smart Libraries
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet-of-Things (IoT), thousands of smart devices can be interconnected with each other. A series of innovative concepts have emerged and penetrated into all aspects of human life, e.g., “Smarter Planet”, “Smart City”, “Smart Community”, and “Smart Campus”. As a key and indispensable field, librarianship has become a convenient scenario aided by AI and IoT. Distinctive advanced AI-based approaches applied in libraries include, but are not limited to, natural language processing (NLP), deep learning (DL), recommender systems, machine vision, and smart acquisition.
  • 2.7K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Cyberstalking Victimization Model
Cyberstalking is a growing anti-social problem being transformed on a large scale and in various forms. Cyberstalking detection has become increasingly popular in recent years and has technically been investigated by many researchers. However, cyberstalking victimization, an essential part of cyberstalking, has empirically received less attention from the paper community.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Aug 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Modern Methods of Prediction
Humans have always wanted to know what the future holds in store for them. In earlier centuries, people often sought clues to the future from sacred texts. Today, more secular approaches are increasingly used, although the older approaches to the future persist. Modern methods for prediction include trend extrapolation, the Delphi method, mathematical modeling, and scenario analysis, including backcasting. Extrapolation was only possible when reliable past data became available. The Delphi method relies on the judgement of experts in the subject matter. Mathematical modeling has been very successful in the physical sciences, and, in the form of integrated assessment models (IAMs), has been applied to problems such as assessing future energy use. Scenario analysis looks at a number of possible futures and develops internally consistent story lines around each. It is often used in conjunction with IAMs. Each of the four methods, including both their strengths and weaknesses, are discussed in turn. Finally, this entry looks at the future of prediction, and concludes that despite progress in each of the four approaches treated, predicting the future, never easy, is now harder than ever.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Causal Loop Diagramming of Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19
The complexity, multidimensionality, and persistence of the COVID-19 pandemic have prompted both researchers and policymakers to turn to transdisciplinary methods in dealing with the wickedness of the crisis. While there are increasing calls to use systems thinking to address the intricacy of COVID-19, examples of practical applications of systems thinking are still scarce. We revealed and reviewed eight studies which developed causal loop diagrams (CLDs) to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a broader socioeconomic system. We find that major drivers across all studies are the magnitude of the infection spread and government interventions to curb the pandemic, while the most impacted variables are public perception of the pandemic and the risk of infection.
  • 977
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Demographic Factors’ Influence on Regional Productivity Growth
Improving total factor productivity is an important way for China's economy to avoid the middle income trap. Demographic changes are believed to have significant impacts on productivity growth. Analyzing data from China's prefecture administrative units on both 2000 and 2010 provides solid evidence supporting the impact of demographic changes on productivity growth. First, population density plays an important role in both years. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between population density and productivity growth. Second, human capital stock has a significant positive impact in both years while human capital inequality becomes insignificant in 2010. This is likely a result of China's education equality policies. Third, the impact of the aging of workers and their migration status on productivity growth also changed over the decade. Different cohorts of workers and migrants have had different influences on productivity growth because of their different access to higher education.
  • 673
  • 08 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Causal Model of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
It is essential to understand the variables that explain and predict the behaviour of starting up a new company in a regional context. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reports have a sufficient theoretical foundation for quality studies in this field. In addition, a valid and reliable causal model is designed that includes all personal and contextual GEM variables. The hypotheses of the proposed model are based on the existing causal relationships in the literature, using GEM data in its formulation. The model is comprehensive and practical because it significantly predicts entrepreneurial behaviour, particularly entrepreneurial intention and action. 
  • 667
  • 07 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Sustainable Employment Relationships in Work 4.0 Era
The working environment has gradually transformed toward Industry 4.0 for the next few decades. Work 4.0 is referred to as Industry 4.0 but with a focus on sustainable employment relationships and the forms of work that has essentially changed due to the transformation of digitalization.
  • 657
  • 01 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Rawlsian Cost-Benefit Analysis
The use of a Rawlsian perspective in cost-benefit analysis is proposed. For the purposes of the cost-benefit analysis, this perspective is at least as adequate as the traditional perspective, of a utilitarian nature.
  • 649
  • 17 Nov 2021
Topic Review
MCDM Approach in Steel Industry
Supply chain sustainability, which takes environmental, economic, and social factors into account, was recently recognized as a critical component of the supply chain (SC) management evaluation process and known as a multi-criteria decision-making problem (MCDM) that is heavily influenced by the decision-makers. While some criteria can be analyzed numerically, a large number of qualitative criteria require expert review in linguistic terms.
  • 601
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Innovation Pattern Heterogeneity
The firm’s ability to innovate is one of the usual suspects for explaining differences in firm performance according to a strong and diversified theoretical framework. Innovation facilitates the high rate of growth of ‘‘superstars’’ as well as the establishment and continued existence of profitable companies that do not seek to become large enterprises Understanding the diversity that exists within the population of innovative firms is essential for developing appropriate innovation policies. By applying factor analysis to a wide array of survey variables and a large sample of firms, we identified eleven typical approaches to innovation. 
  • 571
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
The Analysis of Chaos-Based Metaheuristic Methods
The concept of chaos has been applied extensively in various applications with the growth of nonlinear dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to the initial state. Chaos-based algorithms can generate a large number of different search points in a short time, which can help explore the optimization area more efficiently and quickly than traditional optimization algorithms. In this regard, a new method named CSCSO is proposed to improve the shortcomings of the recently proposed Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO) algorithm with this chaos theory. This algorithm has also been tested in engineering and social science-based constrained problems. Especially in social sciences, it solves basic problems with this kind of artificial intelligence-based mechanism instead of traditional methods such as questionnaires and fieldresearch.
  • 526
  • 07 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Hybrid Online Virtual Classroom during the COVID-19 Pandemic
The pandemic has had a profound effect on education at all levels, especially in the early stages of the pandemic. In the early stages of the pandemic, schools worldwide were forced to take various measures, including social distancing measures, in order to reduce the spread of the virus and to ensure student health and safety. The use of the in-person traditional classroom approach always outperforms the online virtual classroom and distance-learning instruction when it comes to attracting and keeping student interest. However, in the spring of 2020, Chinese higher education institutions were abruptly forced to move from in-person classrooms to online virtual classrooms because of the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the fact that the conventional classroom is preferred by both teachers and students for efficient communication and learning outcomes.
  • 524
  • 19 May 2022
Topic Review
Consumption Coupons, Consumption Probability and Inventory Optimization
The issuance of consumption coupons during the epidemic period to stimulate the economy must take full account of the level of probabilistic consumption and inventory optimization. An improved minimum cost maximum flow model is constructed to dynamically adjust the inventory capacity of node enterprises with the change of probabilistic consumption level, and three scenarios are simulated by numerical assumptions. The research show that: (1) The model can better solve the problem of consumption coupons, probabilistic consumption and inventory optimization; (2) Consumer welfare remains unchanged, the largest number of government consumption coupons is issued, and the number of enterprise inventories reaches the lowest; (3) Enterprise inventories are minimized with different decisions on consumer probability consumption, and the government's issuance of consumption coupons and the satisfaction of consumer demand have reached a dynamic balance. Corresponding suggestions are put forward, hoping to better help the government to implement the consumption coupons policy to stimulate the economy.
  • 514
  • 11 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Influencing Factors of Digital Village Development in China
Digital rural construction is an important strategy for rural revitalization. In terms of dynamic evolution, the core density curve of China’s digital rural construction shifted to the right between 2011 and 2021, accompanied by gradient influence and a multipolar development trend; local general budget revenue, the per capita disposable income of rural residents, rural infrastructure investment, computer ownership per 100 rural residents, added value of primary industry, education level, and rural power generation are some of the factors that affect the development level of China’s digital countryside. 
  • 488
  • 04 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Disparity of Density in the Age of Mobility
High mobility has promoted the concentration of people’s aggregation in urban areas. As people pursue areas with higher density, gentrification and sprawl become more serious. Disadvantaged people are then pushed out of urban centers.  Conversely, as mobility increases, the disadvantaged may also migrate in pursuit of their desired density. As a result, disparities relative to density and housing may shrink. Hence, migration is a complex system. 
  • 449
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
The Advancement of 3D Printing Technology in Dentistry
Because digitization accelerates product design and reduces development time, 3D printing can meet the demand for small-batch production and customization. This technology has been widely applied in various fields, such as automotive parts production, electronic parts, the aerospace industry, construction, food, and agriculture. 3D printing technology is suitable for application in advancing digitization in dentistry.
  • 443
  • 25 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Cooperation between Schools, Enterprises, and Government
Promoting close and sustainable cooperation between schools, enterprises, and government has become an important concern in many countries. However, the reality is that the cooperation between schools, enterprises, and government has not been very effective.
  • 396
  • 12 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Human Values and Students’ Aspiration in E-Learning Adoption
Students with a proclivity for change and self-enhancement have higher motivation and expectations towards e-learning, while those with conservative perspectives show lower motivation and expectations. Additionally, students prioritizing self-enhancement and openness to change are more likely to actively engage in e-learning adoption.
  • 353
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Well-Being and Elderly People in the European Union
One of the main demographic problems is the ageing of populations, especially in European countries. However, this process is not taking place equally in all countries and has a different impact on their socio-economic development.
  • 297
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Open-Source Diffusion Using Government–Platform–User Evolutionary Game
Technological innovations, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning, have facilitated the emergence of autonomous systems, promoting triple bottom line (TBL) sustainability. However, the prevalent triopoly of Android, iOS, and Windows introduces substantial obstacles for smart device manufacturers in pursuit of independent innovation. Utilizing evolutionary game theory,  the interplay among governments, platforms, and users in championing open-source diffusion can be scrutinized. 
  • 260
  • 09 Oct 2023
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