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Topic Review
Internet Use for Older Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic
Older adults were advised to avoid social activities during the outbreak of COVID-19. Consequently, they no longer received the social and emotional support they had gained from such activities. Internet use might be a solution to remedy the situation. The research revealed that Internet use for communication purposes seems to be associated with better mental health in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • 1.0K
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Anti-CCR5 Therapy, Breast Cancer and Its Microenvironment
Breast cancer represents the most common malignancy among women in the world. The local microenvironment around the tumor plays a great role in cancer progression and invasion, representing a promising therapeutic target. CCL5 is a potent chemokine with a physiological role of immune cell attraction and has gained particular attention in R&D for breast cancer treatment. Its receptor, CCR5, is a well-known co-factor for HIV entry through the cell membrane and CCR5 blocking represents a mainstay of HIV treatment. Interestingly, CCL5 is currently described as key pro-oncogenic factor, especially in breast cancer. Several studies blocking the CCL5/CCR5 axis show cancer cells become less invasive and less malignant, with less oncogenic extracellular matrices.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Antitumor Potential of Annona muricata Linn
Annona muricata (Am) is a plant used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat cancer. It is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. A. muricata  is known as “graviola”, “soursop”, and “guanabana” in Mexico is called “zapote de Viejas,” “catucho,” and “cabeza de negro.” 
  • 1.0K
  • 18 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Anemia in Pregnant Women and Children
 Globally, anemia is still a public health issue faced by people in low and high-income countries. Anemia is a condition in which a person’s hemoglobin level is less than normal (below 11 g/dL for pregnant women and children aged 6–59 months). This study gives an overview of published scientific articles related to the prevalence, nutritional indicators, and social determinants of anemia in pregnant women and children aged 6 to 59 months living in Mozambique and Portugal. 
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Infections of the Orofacial Region
The natural flora of the mouth is very diverse. After the large intestine, it has the second highest complexity in terms of microorganisms, including more than 700 microorganisms. Each tissue has specific microbes that are different from adjacent tissues’ microbes. Still, these microbes can be displaced under certain conditions, such as the effects of cytotoxic drugs, oral cancer, or epithelial atrophy. The oral flora is divided into two categories, static and transient, which regularly balance with the host and protect against pathogenic microorganisms. The static flora on oral cavity surfaces is known as biofilm that can improve or protect oral health against pathogens, increase the virulence of potentially harmful microorganisms, and reduce the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents. Infections caused by bacteria in the mouth include caries and periodontitis. Microorganisms can attack different parts of the mouth via different mechanisms.
  • 1.0K
  • 07 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Baby-Led Weaning
Baby-led weaning (BLW) is an increasingly popular way of expanding an infant’s diet. It is based on the baby becoming physically ready to eat on his or her own, effectively supplementing his or her diet, which was previously based on breast milk or modified milk. In the traditional approach to complementary feeding, parents usually feed their infants pureed foods (mush) with a spoon, gradually introducing an increasing variety of tastes and textures as they grow, until solid foods are introduced. The process of diet expansion with the BLW method is guided by the child, using its skills and instinct. According to Brown and Lee, BLW is “a procedure in which the infant feeds himself, and feeding by the parent or serving smooth purees may occur occasionally, up to 10% of the total feeding time”. The role of the first solid foods, often referred to as complementary foods, in expanding an infant’s diet is not to replace breast milk or formula milk, but to be in addition to it.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Antiviral Potential of Plants against COVID-19 during Outbreaks
COVID-19 has become a pandemic in most parts of the world. Although vaccines are available to fight the infection, their safety and clinical trial data are still questionable. Social distancing, isolation, the use of sanitizer, and personal productive strategies have been implemented to prevent the spread of the virus. Moreover, the search for a potential therapeutic molecule is ongoing. Based on experiences with outbreaks of SARS and MERS, many research studies reveal the potential of medicinal herbs/plants or chemical compounds extracted from them to counteract the effects of these viral diseases.
  • 1.0K
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Digital Health Intervention Engagement
There has been a proliferation of digital health interventions (DHIs) targeting dietary intake. Despite their potential, the effectiveness of DHIs are thought to be dependent, in part, on user engagement. However, the relationship between engagement and the effectiveness of dietary DHIs is not well understood.
  • 1.0K
  • 27 Oct 2021
Topic Review
An Underutilized Food “Miwu”
Miwu (“蘼芜” in Chinese), the stems and leaves of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. has been used in China as a food for least 800 years. Modern research has shown that Miwu has a high dietary fibre content, is rich in iron and low in sodium, and has a similar aroma to celery but more than 4 times the dietary fibre content. At the same time, the wide cultivation of this herb, in combination with the use of the root as medicine, can better enhance the utilisation of this plant.
  • 1.0K
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Relationship between the Gut Virome and Metabolic Pathologies
The human gastrointestinal tract contains large communities of microorganisms that are in constant interaction with the host, playing an essential role in the regulation of several metabolic processes. Human adenovirus infection was identified as a significant risk factor for the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Furthermore, in liver cirrhosis, gut virome (GV) alterations correlate with cirrhosis progression. The most widely investigated matter is the relationship between the GM and intestinal diseases, primarily inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although there is also a potential relation between GV and type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, hypertension, malnutrition and low growth rate, metabolic syndrome, liver diseases, colorectal cancer (CRC), melanoma, cognitive maintenance, and cerebral ischemia.
  • 1.0K
  • 31 May 2023
Topic Review
Nutritional Considerations during Spaceflights
The main nutritional concerns during a spaceflight include the sufficient provision of energy to counteract the negative energy balance, which is often experienced by astronauts, the prevention of a deficiency in micronutrients, and fluid and sodium management. Furthermore, of utmost importance is the provision of specific nutrients to face spaceflight-induced pathophysiological events.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Relationship Dynamics among BC Couples
This entry shows the dynamics that characterize couples during the breast cancer treatment pathway by underlining the areas that can predict a positive dyadic adaptation. More specifically, couples who maintain a resilient intimacy, build constructive mutual communication, adopt common dyadic coping strategies and provide mutual psychosocial support report higher levels of relationship functioning. These marriages are characterized by high levels of enmeshment and less rigidity in terms of rules and roles and flexible interaction patterns.
  • 997
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Micro-Mobility User Pattern and Station Location in Thessaloniki
In recent years, European countries have been trying to cultivate electrical scooters (e-scooters) as an alternative form of micro-mobility. The purchase and maintenance costs of private e-scooters are expensive so cities have been collaborating with companies to construct an e-scooter rental network. There are two main features: the initial–final position of the e-scooter (the total distance is unknown) and the travel time. Most e-scooter rides refer to leisure trips but there is a portion of users that ride e-scooters for casual trips or commutes to and from work. Here, an electrical scooter network that covers the demand of the city of Thessaloniki is suggested. The implementation plan indicates three stages of construction up to the completion of the network.
  • 995
  • 27 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Climatic and Environmental Factors in Disease Modeling
Climatic and environmental factors may influence the arbovirus disease outbreak, transmission, and surveillance. Thus, there is a call for further research on the area. To benefit from arbovirus modeling, it is crucial to consider the influence of climatic and environmental factors, especially in Africa, where there are limited studies exploring this phenomenon.
  • 993
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Anxiety Linked to COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has incited a rise in anxiety, with uncertainty regarding the specific impacts and risk factors across multiple populations. A qualitative systematic research was conducted to investigate the prevalence and associations of anxiety in different sample populations in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. 
  • 989
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Effect of Healthy Food/Beverages in Hospital Food Environment
The quality of the hospital food environment varies within and between facilities. Hospital visitors and employees are generally receptive to food environment interventions and a variety of designs can be used to improve the hospital food environment and increase the proportion of healthy purchases. The overall quality of hospital food environments varies. Educational, labelling, financial and choice architecture interventions were shown to improve the hospital food environment and/or dietary intake of consumers.
  • 978
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Exploring Olive Pomace for Skincare Applications
The olive oil industry generates a large amount of liquid and semi-solid by-products such as olive pomace. Their phytotoxicity impairs safe disposal, so valorization strategies that promote by-product reuse are needed, which may include skincare products. Hydroxytyrosol is the main phenolic compound present in olive pomace and possesses biological effects that make it a desirable active compound for cosmetic formulations such as antioxidant and anti-aging activities as well as photoprotector, depigmenting, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions. Other compounds present in olive pomace can also have functional properties and skin-related benefits. However, the application of this by-product can be a challenge in terms of formulation’s design, stability, and proven efficacy, so appropriate methodologies should be used to validate its incorporation and may include extraction and further encapsulation of bioactive compounds in order to achieve effective and aesthetic appealing skincare products.
  • 973
  • 17 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Antibiotics in Animal Origin Food
Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances formed by or obtained from microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Antibiotics were first approved for use in livestock by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1951. The European Union has forbidden the use of antibiotics as growth promoters since 2006. Its abusive use leads to the presence of antibiotic residues (AR) in foods of animal origin which is associated with antibiotic resistance.
  • 971
  • 01 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Motion Sensors in Multiple Sclerosis
Pedometers and accelerometers have become commonplace for the assessment of physical behaviors (e.g., physical activity and sedentary behavior) in multiple sclerosis (MS) research. Current common applications include the measurement of steps taken and the classification of physical activity intensity, as well as sedentary behavior, using cut-points methods. 
  • 957
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Problems Associated with Moulds in Foodstuffs
Two downsides associated with the mould contamination of food are of interest: spoilage and mycotoxin production provoking food quality and food safety concerns, respectively.
  • 940
  • 13 Mar 2023
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