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Topic Review
Protein Quality Control System
As a collection of pathways that regulates proteins’ life cycles including their synthesis, folding, assembly, degradation and reversal, the protein quality control system mainly consists of the ERS, ALS and UPS. It plays an important role in maintaining normal cell metabolism and avoiding protein dysfunction, especially in the physiological and pathological processes of AD.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Trace Minerals Functions in Ruminant Animals
Trace minerals play an important role in animal health and productivity. They are involved also in many physiological activities, and their deficiency causes a variety of pathological problems and metabolic defects, reducing consequently the animal productivity.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Angolan Genet
The Angolan Genet (Genetta angolensis), indigenous to the southwestern regions of Africa, is a captivating small carnivore that belongs to the Genet family. Recognized for its distinctive coat pattern and slender physique, this elusive species navigates a range of habitats, from woodlands to savannas, showcasing its adaptability in diverse ecosystems. With its nocturnal habits and agile climbing skills, the Angolan Genet remains a subject of interest for researchers and wildlife enthusiasts exploring the rich biodiversity of the African continent.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Galleria mellonella and Acinetobacter baumannii Pathogenesis
G. mellonella, also known as a wax moth, belongs to Lepidoptera order from the Pyralidae family. This moth is distributed worldwide, and is commercially available for fishing or to feed reptiles and birds, making them readily accessible. The last larval stage of this insect has been utilized as a host model to extensively study bacteria and fungi pathogenesis, including Acinetobacter baumannii
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Gastrointestinal Microbiota for Growth and Performance in Chickens
The gut barrier is comprised of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, mucins secreted by goblet cells, host-derived antimicrobial peptides such as defensins, and cathelicidins, IgA, intestinal epithelium, microfold cells (M cells), Paneth cells, tuft cells and lymphoid tissues in the sub-epithelium and lamina propria. The gut barrier serves to contain the gut microbiota within the lumen while permitting the absorption of nutrients. Intestinal health, tolerance to food and microbial antigens, and homeostasis are achieved through complex interactions between the multiple components in the gut.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 May 2022
Topic Review
Development and Growth of Intramuscular Fat in Cattle
Besides protein, beef contains a significant amount of fat. Intramuscular fat (IMF), also referred to as marbling fat, is the white fat deposited within skeletal muscle tissue. The content of intramuscular fat in the skeletal muscle, particularly the longissimus dorsi muscle, of cattle is a critical determinant of beef quality and value. Physiologically, IMF is believed to have similar functions to other fat depots in cattle, serving as an energy reserve and providing fuel during times of increased metabolic demand or inadequate nutrient supply. As food, IMF substantially enhances the texture and flavor of the meat and the overall satisfaction of consumers.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Virus Inactivation by Visible Light
Bacteria and fungi are known to be inactivated not only by ultraviolet radiation but also by visible light. Viruses appear to be sensitive to visible (violet/blue) light.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Virulent Peptides, Streptococcus suis Pathogenesis
The virulence factors and pathogenesis of S. suis are inconclusive. Here, the associated proteins, or their derived peptides, involved in the survival of S. suis when simulated with a blood environment are demonstrated. The results reveal the derived peptides or proteins of S. suis potentially serving as the putative virulence factors. Further studies based on our findings could be used to fulfill the knowledge gap of S. suis pathogenesis. 
  • 1.0K
  • 09 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition
In order to reduce the antimicrobials used in livestock, it's important to find natural and sustainable molecules that boost animal performance and health. Brown seaweeds seem to be a promising dietary intervention in pigs in order to boost the immune system, antioxidant status and gut health. 
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soo
Dactylorhiza hatagirea (Orchidaceae) is a perennial herb inhabiting sub-alpine to alpine regions, ranging at elevations between 2500 and 5000 m.a.s.l. With palmately lobed rhizome and lanceolate leaves having a sheathing leaf base, it bears pink flowers with purple-colored notches and a curved spur.
  • 1.0K
  • 12 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Weeds Enhance Pollinator Diversity in Mango
Weeds increase the diversity of pollinating insects on mango flowers, and mangos with weeds growing below produced more fruit than those without weeds. Weeds can provide ground cover and flowers that can support insect pollinators, natural enemies, and increase biodiversity at the field and landscape level. 
  • 1.0K
  • 19 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Application of Molecular Hydrogen to Postharvest Produce
Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been found to have significant effects in a range of organisms, from plants to humans. In the biomedical arena it has been found to have positive effects for neurodegenerative disease and even for treatment of COVID-19. In plants H2 has been found to improve seed germination, foliar growth, and crops: effects being most pronounced under stress conditions. It has also been found that treatment with H2 can improve the postharvest preservation of fruits, vegetables and flowers.
  • 1.0K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Arsenic Concentration/Toxicity in Rice
Rice is one of the most important routes for arsenic to enter the human food chain and threatens more than half of the world’s population. In addition, arsenic-contaminated soils and waters increase the concentration of this element in various tissues of rice plants. 
  • 1.0K
  • 16 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Activities of Lactoferrins
Lactoferrins are an iron-binding glycoprotein that have important protective roles in the mammalian body through their numerous functions, which include antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. Among these, their antimicrobial activity has been the most studied, although the mechanism behind antimicrobial activities remains to be elucidated.
  • 1.0K
  • 28 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Single-Cell Impedance Sensing Technology
Electrical impedance sensing technology has become a powerful tool, allowing for rapid, non-invasive, and label-free acquisition of electrical parameters of single cells. These electrical parameters, i.e., equivalent cell resistance, membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity, are closely related to cellular biophysical properties and dynamic activities, such as size, morphology, membrane intactness, growth state, and proliferation. 
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Southern Spotted Skunk
The Southern Spotted Skunk (Spilogale angustifrons) is a small and elusive carnivore known for its distinctive coat pattern featuring conspicuous spots and stripes. Inhabiting various regions of the southern United States and parts of Central America, this species exhibits remarkable adaptability to diverse habitats, ranging from woodlands and grasslands to urban areas. Despite its diminutive size, the Southern Spotted Skunk plays a significant role in local ecosystems, displaying nocturnal behavior and an omnivorous diet.
  • 1.0K
  • 04 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Origins of Viticulture
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), besides being one of the most extensively cultivated fruit trees in the world, is also a fascinating subject for evolutionary studies. The domestication process started in the Near East and the varieties obtained were successively spread and cultivated in different areas. Whether the domestication occurred only once, or whether successive domestication events occurred independently, is a highly debated mystery. Moreover, introgression events, breeding and intense trade in the Mediterranean basin have followed, in the last thousands of years, obfuscating the genetic relationships. Although a succession of genomic studies has been carried out to explore grapevine origin and different evolution models are proposed, an overview of the topic remains pending.
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Role of Silicon in Nematode Management
Silicon (Si) is known to stimulate plant resistance against different phytopathogens, i.e., bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. It is an efficient plant growth regulator under various biotic and abiotic stresses. Silicon-containing compounds, including silicon dioxide, SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), nano-chelated silicon fertilizer (NCSF), sodium siliconate, and sodium metasilicate, are effective in damaging various nematodes that reduce their reproduction, galling, and disease severity. 
  • 1.0K
  • 13 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Plant Bioactive Compounds and Silages
Plant bioactive compounds (PBC) are widespread in the plant kingdom, including in forage species, but their impact on silage fermentation and ruminant use of PBC-containing silage has been under-researched. 
  • 1.0K
  • 15 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Effects of Eimeria tenella Infection for Broiler Chickens
Coccidiosis, which can be induced by Eimeria spp., causes tremendous economic losses in the poultry production. Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) is one of the poultry Eimeria spp. that damage cecal tissue. 
  • 1.0K
  • 07 Dec 2021
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