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Topic Review
Prediction of Water Quality Classification using Machine Learning
Machine Learning (ML) has been used for a long time and has gained wide attention over the last several years. It can handle a large amount of data and allow non-linear structures by using complex mathematical computations. However, traditional ML models do suffer some problems, such as high bias and overfitting. Therefore, this has resulted in the advancement and improvement of ML techniques, such as the bagging and boosting approach, to address these problems.
  • 3.2K
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Deep Learning in Deconvolution Problem
In modern digital microscopy, deconvolution methods are widely used to eliminate a number of image defects and increase resolution.
  • 3.2K
  • 24 Dec 2021
Topic Review
URL Normalization
URL normalization is the process by which URLs are modified and standardized in a consistent manner. The goal of the normalization process is to transform a URL into a normalized URL so it is possible to determine if two syntactically different URLs may be equivalent. Search engines employ URL normalization in order to assign importance to web pages[clarify] and to reduce indexing of duplicate pages. Web crawlers perform URL normalization in order to avoid crawling the same resource more than once. Web browsers may perform normalization to determine if a link has been visited or to determine if a page has been cached.
  • 3.1K
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Moz (Marketing Software)
Moz is a software as a service (SaaS) company based in Seattle that sells inbound marketing and marketing analytics software subscriptions. It was founded by Rand Fishkin and Gillian Muessig in 2004 as a consulting firm and shifted to SEO software development in 2008. The company hosts a website that includes an online community of more than one million globally based digital marketers and marketing related tools. Moz offers SEO tools that includes keyword research, link building, site audits, and page optimization insights in order to help companies to have a better view of the position they have on search engines and how to improve their ranking. The company also developed the most commonly used algorithm to determine Domain Authority, which is a score between 1-100, that is often used by many SEO companies to estimate a website's overall viability with the search engines.
  • 3.1K
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Computer-Human Interaction and Collaboration
Through a series of projects carried out by the Computer–Human Interaction and COllaboration (CHICO) group of the University of Castilla-La Mancha, some proposals are presented to improve the current e-Learning systems by making use of different paradigms of human-computer interaction. Synchronous and asynchronous collaborative systems, ubiquitous computing, and augmented reality can improve the current learning environments. 
  • 3.1K
  • 18 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Classifications of Routing Protocols in Ad hoc Networks
Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (WANETs-MANETs) are one of the most in-demand networks in our day and age, being widely used in military fields, disaster environments, autonomous robots, vehicular networks, rural and urban environments, and UAV applications. This is due to the remarkable features of versatility, robustness, and self-configuration with no infrastructure. Such networks' main objective is to deliver reliable data transmission directly to nodes such routers, access points, smartphones, and vehicles with dynamically adjusting the data routes in accordance with the network conditions and GPS information. However, mobility in ad hoc networks is yet the crucial issue due to the dynamic changes of the network topology; this makes data routing a substantial challenge. To this end, choosing or design the proper routing protocol plays important role in establishing robust, secure and efficient data communication for randomly distributed and unrestricted movement of nodes.
  • 3.0K
  • 10 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence as a Disruptive Technology
The greatest technological changes in our lives are predicted to be brought about by Artificial Intelligence (AI). Together with the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and several others, AI is considered to be the most disruptive technology, and has impacted numerous sectors, such as healthcare (medicine), business, agriculture, education, and urban development.
  • 3.0K
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Deep Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Smart Manufacturing
AI and, in particular, the Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms, which are a perfect response to the unpredictability and volatility of modern demand, are studied in detail. Through the introduction of RL concepts and the development of those with ANNs towards DRL, the potential and variety of these kinds of algorithms are highlighted. Moreover, because these algorithms are data based, their modification to meet the requirements of industry operations is also included. Digital twins are a technology that is increasingly important in I.40 and I.5.0, which seems to be crucial to the development of smart manufacturing. 
  • 3.0K
  • 13 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Short Text Clustering Algorithms
Short text clustering (STC) has become a critical task for automatically grouping various unlabelled texts into meaningful clusters. STC is a necessary step in many applications, including Twitter personalization, sentiment analysis, spam filtering, customer reviews and many other social network-related applications.
  • 3.0K
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Development of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV's) has permitted the automatization of many tasks originally achieved with manned vehicles in underwater environments. Teams of AUV's designed to work within a common mission are opening the possibilities for new and more complex applications. In underwater environments, communication, localization, and navigation of AUV's are considered challenges due to the impossibility of relying on radio communications and global positioning systems. For a long time, acoustic systems have been the main approach for solving these challenges. However, they present their own shortcomings, which are more relevant for AUV's teams. As a result, researchers have explored different alternatives. To summarize and analyze these alternatives, a review of the literature is presented in this paper. Finally, a summary of collaborative AUV's teams and missions is also included, with the aim of analyzing their applicability, advantages, and limitations.
  • 3.0K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Advancements and Challenges in Handwritten Text Recognition
Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) involves automatically transforming a source’s handwritten text within a digital image into its machine text representation.
  • 3.0K
  • 07 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Palm Oil Background
Palm oil plantations cover millions of hectares worldwide, which encompass a significant portion of global trade. Palm oil trees, or Arecaceae, are a genus of stemless, tree-like monocot plants that thrive in the tropics and are extremely valuable to humans and the ecosystem. The African oil palm, or Elaeis guineensis, is the most prominent palm species native to West Africa, cultivated for its oil-rich fruit as a semiwild food source for over 7000 years. The tree produces a profusion of fruit bunches yearly with each containing between 1000 and 3000 fruits.
  • 3.0K
  • 14 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Convolutional Neural Network + Recurrent Neural Network
A convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network (CNN + RNN) combination is an effective approach for many modern image recognition tasks that need to identify the behaviour of objects through a sequence of frames. For example, in a security CCTV camera footage, want to identify what abnormal actions a character is doing in the scene (e.g. fighting with someone, breaking into a store, etc.). A deep convolutional neural network (e.g. ResNet50) has many layers of abstraction and is good for extracting essential features in each frame of the input stream. These extracted features, which may represent low-level image features or even high-level objects, can be monitored over a sequence of frames by a recurrent neural network (e.g. ConvLSTM) so as to detect whether a certain action or event has happened.
  • 2.9K
  • 23 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Phishing Email Detection Model Using Deep Learning
Email phishing is a widespread cyber threat that can result in the theft of sensitive information and financial loss. It uses malicious emails to trick recipients into providing sensitive information or transferring money, often by disguising themselves as legitimate organizations or individuals. As technology advances and attackers become more sophisticated, the problem of email phishing becomes increasingly challenging to detect and prevent.
  • 2.9K
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Detection of Image Steganography
As internet traffic grows daily, so does the need to protect it. Network security protects data from unauthorized access and ensures their confidentiality and integrity. Steganography is the practice and study of concealing communications by inserting them into seemingly unrelated data streams (cover media). Investigating and adapting machine learning models in digital image steganalysis is becoming more popular.
  • 2.9K
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Learning Paradigms
Learning paradigms are more like methodologies that guide problem solving. In addition to the most widely used supervised learning paradigm, other learning paradigms are also employed in the multimodal field, such as semi-supervised learning, self-supervised learning, and transfer learning. 
  • 2.9K
  • 06 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Machine Learning and Student Performance Prediction
Improving the quality, developing and implementing systems that can provide advantages to students, and predicting students’ success during the term, at the end of the term, or in the future are some of the primary aims of education. Due to its unique ability to create relationships and obtain accurate results, artificial intelligence and machine learning are tools used in this field to achieve the expected goals.
  • 2.9K
  • 08 Dec 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Artificial Intelligence in Special Education
This entry examines the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in special education. The authors discuss applications of AI in the field, including its uses for personalized learning, adaptive technologies, teacher support, and AI’s potential to address issues related to student accessibility and engagement. The entry draws on recent syntheses of literature, highlighting studies that reveal AI’s capacity to improve educational outcomes for students with disabilities, mitigate teacher workload, and foster inclusion. Despite these promising developments, the authors address ethical considerations, potential biases, and privacy concerns surrounding the use of AI, as well as the need for high-quality research that validates AI’s effectiveness in special education. The authors conclude that while AI can offer substantial support, it should be integrated thoughtfully, guided by empirical research, and accompanied by skilled professional oversight to ensure that it truly benefits students with disabilities.
  • 2.9K
  • 15 Jan 2025
Topic Review
Academic and Administrative Role of AI in Education
Using AI in education can have a dramatic impact on the way academic and administrative staff use their time and the manner in which students are served individually. Artificial Intelligence Applications are assisting the education sector organizations at two main levels.1. Administrative level (admission, counseling, library services, etc.)2. Academic Level (assessment, feedback, tutoring, etc.)
  • 2.9K
  • 20 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Active and Assisted Living
Over the last decade, there has been considerable and increasing interest in the development of Active and Assisted Living (AAL) systems to support independent living. The demographic change towards an aging population has introduced new challenges to today’s society from both an economic and societal standpoint. AAL can provide an array of solutions for improving the quality of life of individuals, for allowing people to live healthier and independently for longer, for helping people with disabilities, and for supporting caregivers and medical staff. 
  • 2.9K
  • 19 Nov 2021
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