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Topic Review
Social Innovation Design
Social innovation design uses social resources and knowledge to meet the needs of society and put forward innovative schemes.
  • 684
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Extended Reality Technology in Architectural Design Education
With the emergence of Architecture 4.0 and the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, extended reality (XR) technology has been increasingly applied in architectural education. This study aims to systematically organize and analyze the applications and outcomes of XR technology in construction education over the past five years, provide a theoretical framework for its future widespread use, and highlight its drawbacks as well as future research directions.
  • 663
  • 27 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Public Art Design in Urban Landscapes
As urbanization quickens, the role of public art in urban landscape design gains prominence. Nevertheless, how stylistic characteristics of landscape public art affect aesthetic preferences remains insufficiently discussed, particularly with objective assessment methods. The use of event-related potential (ERP) can offer neurophysiological evidence to support research and practice in landscape art design. 
  • 637
  • 15 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Authorizing GM Crop Varieties
Once a GM crop has completed the full review cycle for environmental safety, food and feed safety, and DUS/VCU testing, further steps are required to ensure its launch as a new variety for cultivation and safeguarding its sustainability. Again, policy considerations and necessary policy reforms are involved in these final stages, which are analyzed in the sections below. Prior to the planting of GM crop varieties in farmers’ fields, either from domestically produced or imported seeds, they will have to be authorized as certified seed or quality-declared seed in most SSA countries.
  • 617
  • 27 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Bio-Producing Bacterial Cellulose for Textiles
The aim of this research was to grow the bio-material, namely bacterial cellulose directly into a filament. This was achieved using a method of co-designing with the characteristics of biological materials. By growing the material directly into filaments, production such as wet spinning are made redundant, thus reducing textile manufacturing steps.
  • 612
  • 07 Aug 2023
Topic Review
HBIM between Antiquity and Industrial Archaeology
Industrial heritage with secular production activity constitutes a specific field of application to refine digital tools for knowledge within the HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling) process. Industrial sites are traditionally linked to the exploitation of local resources, and, not infrequently, are settled by recovering the ruins of ancient buildings and monuments. There is the possibility of creating a diachronic HBIM to investigate a complex industrial heritage, its evolution and production phases, modeling components for this type of architecture, with the deepening of the LOD of BIM (Building Information Modeling) instances applied to machines. The application represents an augmented knowledge process applicable on industrial heritage through modeling instances of machines and industrial processes that would allow regional and transnational cross-sectional studies and the enhancement of fruition and reuse of these sites.
  • 612
  • 01 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Landscape Architecture and the Green Deal Dare
Landscape architecture can be defined as the art of composing landform, water and plants with buildings and pavements to make good places. Natural elements, such air, wind, vegetation, soil and sun, are what landscape architecture is made of, and their thaumaturgical power can be revealed in the open spaces of cities. The Green Deal can be an opportunity to overturn the traditional building-centric view of the city in favor of a new interpretation of it through work on open spaces. 
  • 602
  • 08 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Designing Sustainable Housing Using a User-Centred Approach
Housing addresses the fundamental requirement for shelter, significantly impacting quality of life, health, safety, and welfare. User-centred design (UCD) is a qualitative methodology that prioritises end users in the design process.
  • 598
  • 19 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Developing Indoor Temperature Profiles of Albanian Homes
Oversimplifying occupant behaviour using static and standard schedules has been identified as a limitation of building energy simulation tools. Three statistically different profiles were developed for each summer and winter, indicating that homes are used in different ways, as well as revealing possible comfort requirements. A statistically significant association was found between the presence of children and the clusters in winter, suggesting that families with dependents use more energy. Building-related factors including building type, building age, and wall insulation were found to be statistically significantly associated with clusters in summer. 
  • 596
  • 08 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Small Public Urban Green Spaces for Mental Restoration
Small public urban green space (SPUGS) was defined as urban public spaces which did not exceeding 5,000 m2 in size with vegetation and their own entrance. Exposure to SPUGS has been demonstrated to have mental benefits for older adults. However, studies on identifying the objective environmental features of SPUGS and their effects on mental restoration for older adults remain limited. The research results showed that: (1) Both the green view index, and the boundary enclosure had a strong impact on the mental restoration of older adults; (2) The colorfulness index showed the strongest relationship with the vitalizing effect. (3) Sky view factor and, number of seats only influenced the ROS score, while the results of revitalization suggest that large areas of water should be avoided. (4) Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) was also confirmed to have negative effects on the psychological health of seniors in autumn. 
  • 593
  • 20 May 2022
Topic Review
The Status of Embodied Carbon in Building Practice
Embodied carbon data exist to evaluate all life-cycle stages of buildings in the U.S, however the data development are mainly focus on A1-A3 stage, more effort are needed to collect data on life cycle B and C stages. In addition, not all databases are regularly maintained and with back-end documentation of their data sources and methodologies easily available for end-users. A robust database is the backbone of reliable LCA analyses. Data collection and reporting guidelines are needed for supply-chain specific and facility-specific data and for transport and construction data. Guidelines for data standardization and transparency are also needed.
  • 587
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Climate-Resilient and Climate-Neutral City
The urban heat island (UHI) effect is the main problem regarding a city’s climate. It is the main adverse effect of urbanization and negatively affects human thermal comfort levels as defined by physiological equivalent temperature (PET) in the urban environment. Blue and green infrastructure (BGI) solutions may mitigate the UHI effect. First, however, it is necessary to understand the problem from the degrading side. Researchers related to urban planning, architecture, and climatology are developing the city-UHI relationship’s mechanics and effective mitigation strategies based on the already-known dependencies. What the future urban environment should look like in order to be resilient to climate change and to be climate neutral are examined here.
  • 581
  • 12 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Qingdao Exchange Building
The Qingdao Exchange Building, built in the 1920s, is the largest products and stock exchange building in modern Shandong. In addition to being a historical witness to the economic development of Qingdao over the last 100 years, it has also been a historical scene of cultural exchanges between China and the West after the opening up of China in the early 20th century. After several changes in the building’s property rights, the building was out of use for a long period of time, with a large number of materials and structures being damaged. 
  • 579
  • 09 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Research Progress on the Features of Rural Settlements
During the development of rural settlements, the loss of distinctive rural characteristics, caused by the contradiction between urban expansion and the ideal of pastoralism, has attracted widespread attention from researchers worldwide.
  • 579
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Interior Design Practices in Jordan
Interior designers play a pivotal role in shaping the built environment and catalyzing positive change through the adoption of sustainable design practices. Within the context of Jordan, a nation experiencing rapid urbanization and robust economic development, the integration of sustainable principles into interior design emerges as a critical imperative.
  • 575
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Teaware Design
Teaware designers and producers have invisibly created a considerable carbon footprint with regard to nonrenewable clay and energy waste due to excessive production. The size of the tea-drinking container and the thickness of the cup’s rim will affect the perception of the tea’s taste and smell.
  • 566
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Sustainable Recovery of Architectural Heritage
Rey Prendes House is representative of one hundred and forty-five houses made of wood, stamped steel sheet, and deployé that are located in the historical center of San Salvador. Its origin is linked to historical events, such as the strong migration of foreigners to El Salvador in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the presidential decrees that encouraged the reconstruction of the city with anti-seismic materials as a result of the earthquakes of 1873 and 1917. More recently, since 2017, Rey Prendes House has been included in the project funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation. The phases of the survey are documented with both materials and degradation analyses, the new design construction with BIM technology for the organization of the educational construction site, the creation of offices and laboratories for restoration and treatments of timber and metal details. 
  • 566
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Digital Twin System in Virtual Participation
Public participation is crucial in promoting built environment quality. Most studies on built environment participatory projects primarily use physical models (i.e., physical replicas) or 2D maps as tools to interact with the general public. The digital twin model and physical replicas have the common ground of simulating built environment changes and, therefore, assisting the decision-making process in environment optimization.
  • 546
  • 16 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Buildings’ Sustainability after COVID-19
The concept of sustainability, or sustainable development, was introduced in 1987 through the UN Brundtland Report, in which it is defined as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". The link between COVID-19 and sustainability is made up of a variety of psycho-sociological and perceptual aspects, such as the fact that the occupancy pattern of buildings is one of the determining factors in assessing the energy performance and sustainability of buildings.
  • 541
  • 26 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Customisation Prior to Housing Construction in Australia
Due to ongoing concerns about the economic fallout caused by the COVID-19 pandemic affecting large populations, the demand for affordable housing is increasing. In particular, low-income households continue to struggle with unaffordable rents throughout major Australian cities. Assailed by this growing affordability crisis and deemed environmentally unsustainable, Australian suburbs are in need of revitalisation. The implementation of mass customisation solutions can heighten the sense of identity within a community and also significantly increase occupant satisfaction. 
  • 529
  • 28 Apr 2022
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