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Topic Review
Human–Autonomous Taxis Interactions
With the increasing deployment of autonomous taxis in different cities around the world, recent studies have stressed the importance of developing new methods, models and tools for intuitive human–autonomous taxis interactions (HATIs). Street hailing is one example, where passengers would hail an autonomous taxi by simply waving a hand, exactly like they do for manned taxis.
  • 537
  • 30 May 2023
Topic Review
IoT-Based Smart Home Assistance for Elderly People
In the development of Internet-of-things (IoT)-based technology, there is a pre-programmed robot called Cyborg which is used for assisting elderly people. It moves around the home and observes the surrounding conditions. The Cyborg is developed and used in the smart home system. The features of a smart home system with IoT technology include temperature control, lighting control, surveillance, security, smart electricity, and water sensors.
  • 517
  • 15 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Effectiveness of Driving Simulators for Drivers’ Training
Although driving simulators could be commonly assumed as very useful technological resources for both novel and experienced drivers’ instruction under risk control settings, the evidence addressing their actual effectiveness seems substantially limited. Therefore, researchers aimed to analyze the existing original literature on driving simulators as a tool for driver training/instruction, considering study features, their quality, and the established degree of effectiveness of simulators for these purposes. Among a considerably reduced set of original research studies assessing the effectiveness of driving simulators for training purposes, most sources assessing the issue provided reasonably good insights into their value for improving human-based road safety under risk control settings. On the other hand, there are common limitations which stand out, such as the use of very limited research samples, infrequent follow-up of the training outcomes, and reduced information about the limitations targeted during the simulator-based training processes. Despite the key shortcomings highlighted here, studies have commonly provided empirical support on the training value of simulators, as well as endorsed the need for further evaluations of their effectiveness.
  • 515
  • 28 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Designing a Robot against COVID-19—Robocov
Robocov, designed as a rapid response against the COVID-19 Pandemic at Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico, with implementations of artificial intelligence and the S4 concept, is a low-cost robot. Robocov can achieve numerous tasks using the S4 concept that provides flexibility in hardware and software. Thus, Robocov can impact positivity public safety, clinical care, continuity of work, quality of life, laboratory and supply chain automation, and non-hospital care. The mechanical structure and software development allow Robocov to complete support tasks effectively so Robocov can be integrated as a technological tool. 
  • 513
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Fruit and Vegetable Harvesting Robots
Intelligent agriculture imposes higher requirements on the recognition and localization of fruit and vegetable picking robots. Due to its unique visual information and relatively low hardware cost, machine vision is widely applied in the recognition and localization of fruit and vegetable picking robots.  Visual sensors are used to acquire image information and the three-dimensional positioning of targets. Machine vision algorithms are used for target recognition. Common algorithms include image segmentation, object detection, and three-dimensional reconstruction. Image segmentation algorithms can segment target objects in complex scenes, object detection algorithms can timely detect target objects and other interferences in images, while three-dimensional reconstruction algorithms can convert the two-dimensional image information obtained by the camera into three-dimensional spatial information of the target.
  • 504
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review Video
Decentralized Multi-UAV Cooperative Exploration
Efficient exploration is a critical issue in swarm UAVs with substantial research interest due to its applications in search and rescue missions.
  • 479
  • 13 Jun 2023
Topic Review
From Simultaneous Localization and Mapping to Situational Awareness
Situational Awareness (SA) is a fundamental capability of humans that has been deeply studied in various fields, such as psychology, military, aerospace, and education. Nevertheless, it has yet to be considered in robotics, which has focused on single compartmentalized concepts such as sensing, spatial perception, sensor fusion, state estimation, and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM).
  • 478
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Selecting Suitable Battery Technologies for Untethered Robots
Energy storage is one of the major barriers to achieve long-duration autonomy in robots. This entry evaluates the capabilities of relevant battery technologies, taking into consideration the requirements of different applications in robotics. We also discuss additional technologies that can be used to overcome the inherent limitations of the most common battery chemistries.
  • 470
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Deep Learning Models to Predict Prosthetic Ankle Torque
Inverse dynamics from motion capture is the most common technique for acquiring biomechanical kinetic data. However, this method is time-intensive, limited to a gait laboratory setting, and requires a large array of reflective markers to be attached to the body. A practical alternative must be developed to provide biomechanical information to high-bandwidth prosthesis control systems to enable predictive controllers.
  • 468
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Swarm Robotics for Area Coverage Problem
The area coverage problem solution is one of the vital research areas which can benefit from swarm robotics. The greatest challenge to the swarm robotics system is to complete the task of covering an area effectively. Many domains where area coverage is essential include exploration, surveillance, mapping, foraging, and several other applications.
  • 463
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Deep Learning for 3D Point Cloud Data Processing
Deep learning techniques for processing 3D point cloud data have seen significant advancements, given their unique ability to extract relevant features and handle unstructured data. These techniques find wide-ranging applications in fields like robotics, autonomous vehicles, and various other computer-vision applications.
  • 462
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Visual-Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping
Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) is one of the fundamental problems in autonomous mobile robots where a robot needs to reconstruct a previously unseen environment while simultaneously localising itself with respect to the map. In particular, Visual-SLAM uses various sensors from the mobile robot for collecting and sensing a representation of the map.
  • 455
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Robot Localization Methods
Robots are starting to be used on construction sites to perform various tasks. Robots utilizing only geometric information for localization within a construction site may not be able to localize correctly due to the fact the ongoing site does not resemble yet the architectural plans. Semantic information can help improve the localization but still can suffer inaccuracies due to large deviation of the robot pose estimate from its actual estimate and similar semantic information in case of repetitive environments.
  • 453
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
A Lightweight UAV SLAM System
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can experience significant performance issues during flight due to heavy CPU load, affecting their flight capabilities, communication, and endurance.
  • 441
  • 09 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Collaboration Skills in Educational Robotics
Educational robotics is a promising educational tool that has the potential to become a platform for the development of a range of skills. There is a scarce amount of empirical case studies that present detailed information on the way it is implemented within formal primary school education. On the other hand, even though collaboration skills are considered vital for future school graduates, it is rarely discussed as the main focus of educational robotics. Most commonly collaboration or teamwork skills are viewed as a byproduct of the robotics activities.
  • 434
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
Core Challenges for Multi-Robot-Path-Planning Algorithms
The benefits of multi-robot systems are substantial, bringing gains in efficiency, quality, and cost, and they are useful in a wide range of environments from warehouse automation, to agriculture and even extend in part to entertainment. In multi-robot system research, the main focus is on ensuring efficient coordination in the operation of the robots, both in task allocation and navigation. However, much of this research seldom strays from the theoretical bounds; there are many reasons for this, with the most-prominent and -impactful being resource limitations. This is especially true for research in areas such as multi-robot path planning (MRPP) and navigation coordination. This is a large issue in practice as many approaches are not designed with meaningful real-world implications in mind and are not scalable to large multi-robot systems. 
  • 429
  • 01 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Soft Robotic Actuation with Carbon Materials
Due to the superior softness and elasticity compared to conventional rigid devices, soft robotic actuators exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of their portability, power efficiency, and wearability, thus creating myriad possibilities of micro-/nano-soft actuation systems. Carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, and graphene, are integrated with polymers or elastomers in soft actuators for their excellent biocompatibility and conductivity.
  • 428
  • 01 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Service Robots in Vision-Based Navigation
Biological principles draw attention to service robotics because of similar concepts when robots operate various tasks. Bioinspired perception is significant for robotic perception, which is inspired by animals’ awareness of the environment.
  • 427
  • 24 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Eco-Driving Assistance Protocols
The exponential increase in the number of daily traveling vehicles has exacerbated global warming and environmental pollution issues. These problems directly threaten the continuity and quality of life on the planet. Several techniques and technologies have been used and developed to reduce fuel consumption and gas emissions of traveling vehicles over the road network. The efficient driving assistant protocols that have been proposed for downtown and highways are investigated.
  • 423
  • 23 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Active SLAM
Here presents a comprehensive review of Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (A-SLAM) research conducted over the past. It explores the formulation, applications, and methodologies employed in A-SLAM, particularly in trajectory generation and control action selection, drawing on concepts from Information Theory (IT) and the Theory of Optimal Experimental Design (TOED). The entry includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses of various approaches, deployment scenarios, configurations, path planning methods, and utility functions within A-SLAM research.
  • 398
  • 17 Oct 2023
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