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Topic Review
Therapeutic Aquatic Exercise in Pregnancy
Aquatic physical exercise aimed at pregnant women has proliferated in recent years, thanks to the benefits provided by the aquatic environment, such as a decrease in gravitational pull, an improved sense of physical comfort, improved mobility and flexibility, reduction of post-exercise pain and an improvement of venous return due to the increased hydrostatic pressure.
  • 850
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Challenges for Artificial Intelligence in Recognizing Mental Disorders
Artificial Intelligence (AI) appears to be making important advances in the prediction and diagnosis of mental disorders. Researchers have used visual, acoustic, verbal, and physiological features to train models to predict or aid in the diagnosis, with some success. However, such systems are rarely applied in clinical practice, mainly because of the many challenges that currently exist. 
  • 850
  • 30 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Pediatric Oncology Palliative Care Programs in Central America
Palliative care offers children who have life-limiting and life-threatening oncologic illnesses and their families improved quality of life. In some instances, impeccable symptom control can lead to improved survival. Cultural and financial barriers to palliative care in oncology patients occur in all countries, and those located in Central America are no exception. In this article, we summarize how the programs participating in the Asociación de Hemato-Oncólogos Pediatras de Centro America (AHOPCA) have developed dedicated oncology palliative care programs. The experience in Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic and Haiti is detailed, with a focus on history, the barriers that have impeded progress, and achievements. Future directions, which, of course, may be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, are described as well.
  • 849
  • 02 Dec 2021
Topic Review
SARS-CoV-2 Mutational Pattern in Greece
From the 2500 clinical specimens, 220 were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 indicating a prevalence of 8.8% among suspected cases. The RT-PCR Ct (Cycle threshold) Value ranged from 19 to 25 which corresponds to medium to high copy numbers of the virus in the positive samples.
  • 846
  • 21 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome
The recommend daily duration of sleep for adults is 7–8 hours. Sleeping <7 hours could be detrimental for overall well-being, health, and performance. Literature shows some associations between metabolic syndrome and sleep duration.
  • 845
  • 20 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Whole School Restorative Approaches for Positive Youth Development
Positive youth development highlights the promotion of skills through engaging and caring settings and building opportunities for bidirectional and constructive relationships. Whole School Restorative Approaches (WSRA) promote school community relationships and social and emotional skills which are core components for positive youth development. 
  • 845
  • 18 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Mental Health and Healthy Habits in University Students
The move to university is a stage of constant psychosocial and academic changes, where anxious and depressive symptomatologies usually appear, in addition to the aggravation of previous mental health problems. The prevalence of psychopathology found was high, especially depressive and anxious pathologies. This incidence tends to be higher in undergraduates and/or Arts and Humanities, coinciding with those who tend to have poorer lifestyle habits. 
  • 843
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
IT-Driven Patient Agility and Digital Transformation
Modern hospitals are on the brink of a monumental change. They are currently exploring their options to digitally transform their clinical procedures and overall patient engagement. This work thoroughly investigates how hospital departments in the Netherlands can simultaneously leverage their strategic exploration of new IT resources and practices and exploit their current IT practices, i.e., IT ambidexterity, to drive digital transformation.
  • 843
  • 26 Apr 2022
Topic Review
The New Global Health Emergency: Monkeypox
Monkeypox, once a rare zoonotic disease, has been endemic to some African countries since its original identification among humans in 1970. Since then, cases in non-endemic regions have been linked to returning travelers or those who had contact with transported animals. The causative agent, Monkeypox virus, belongs to Orthopoxviruses, the same family as Variola—the causative organism for smallpox. Although most monkeypox outbreaks until recently were linked to zoonotic transmission, secondary human–human transmission in smallpox-unvaccinated individuals was observed in a small proportion of overall cases. Smallpox was declared to be eradicated in 1980, and since its eradication, Monkeypox virus has been the most significant poxvirus to cause human disease. The 2022 monkeypox outbreak marks a significant paradigm shift in the human and poxvirus association, with new modes of transmission and concerns of viral evolution and entrenchment as a sexually transmitted disease. Monkeypox clinically resembles smallpox but is far milder. At this time, there are no approved therapies for monkeypox, and antiviral agents effective against smallpox are being utilized. Additionally, preventive strategies being utilized include smallpox vaccinations such as JYNNEOS and ACAM2000.
  • 842
  • 28 Sep 2022
Topic Review
The Genus Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip.
Tripleurospermum, a prominent genus within the family Asteraceae, is recognized for its therapeutic potential in treating various ailments, including skin, digestive, and respiratory diseases; cancer; muscular pain; and stress and as a sedative. Through extensive phytochemical studies regarding the Tripleurospermum species, numerous chemical compounds have been identified and classified into distinct classes, predominantly encompassing terpenes, hydrocarbons, steroids, hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alcohols, acids, melatonin, and fragrant compounds.
  • 842
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Mobile Mammography Van in Missouri
Mobile mammography is a tool that has been used to reach underserved women in a diverse number of settings, including urban, rural, and mountain regions. The mobile mammography van, affiliated with Siteman Cancer Center Breast Health Center, acts as part of outreach efforts to increase breast screening rates in medically underserved communities including the St. Louis area (urban) as well as the rural Bootheel region of Missouri. The van reached a particularly vulnerable population that was mostly poor, uninsured, and with limited educational backgrounds regardless of their zip code of service. 
  • 841
  • 07 Jun 2022
Topic Review
The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
The anterior pituitary also referred to as the adenohypophysis, originates from the oral ectoderm during embryonic development. It is enclosed by a network of blood capillaries originating from the hypothalamus, as a part of the hypophyseal portal system, responsible for transporting hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary and from the anterior pituitary to the circulatory system. Hence, the hypophyseal portal system prevents hypothalamic hormones from entering directly into the circulation..
  • 840
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Digital Health Interventions by Clinical Pharmacists
Integrating digital interventions in healthcare has gained increasing popularity among clinical pharmacists (CPs) due to advances in technology. Although the impacts of telephone-based interventions on patients’ outcomes were decidedly mixed, web-based interventions and mobile apps exerted generally positive influences.
  • 840
  • 26 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Neonatal Sepsis and Hemostasis
Neonatal sepsis is considered critical for a significant increase in neonatal morbidity and mortality among hospitalized neonates. Neonatal sepsis, in most cases, coexists with coagulopathy, which can prove to be life-threatening.
  • 840
  • 08 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Persons Experiencing Homelessness during COVID-19
Persons experiencing homelessness are at heightened risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality from COVID-19. However, health consequences of the pandemic extend far beyond those directly caused by the virus, including fear of infection, access to housing, hygiene, PPE, food, as well as mental health, substance use, other health-related outcomes and treatment services.
  • 838
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Saliva and SARS-CoV-2
A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has become a global ongoing pandemic. This pandemic represents a great work risk for all health professionals, it includes dental professionals who are in constant contact with saliva, which represents one of the main routes of transmission of the disease. For several decades, saliva has been continuously studied as a means of assessing human health because it contains a wide variety of biomarkers. This is because saliva is a mixture of fluids from the salivary glands, crevicular fluids, desquamated epithelial cells, microorganisms, and a great number of proteins such as immunoglobulins, hormones, enzymes, and cytokines. Besides, a wide variety of oral tissues and cells are susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2 and that they express the ACE2 receptor, which is the main route of entry of the virus into cells, as well as the proteins TMPRSS and furin that contributes to the binding of the virus to the host cells.
  • 836
  • 14 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Functions
Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) consists of a large number of vegetables, fruits, beans, legumes, whole grains, olive oil, seeds, herbs and spices, as well as fish, seafood, eggs, cheese and poultry and disrecommends unusual red meats and sweets. In particular, a high intake of fish and low intake of alcohol contributes to the delay of cognitive decline.
  • 835
  • 08 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Palatal Rugae Pattern after Orthodontic Treatment
Palatal rugae are the irregular connective tissue also known as “plicae palatinae. These are anatomical folds located posterior to the incisive papilla in the palatal anterior third. These folds, which form as early as 3 months in utero, are largely attributed to the hardened connective tissue that covers the bone. Their orientation and pattern are formed in the fourth month of intrauterine life. Their uniqueness lies in the fact that they are stable and show post-mortem resistance until oral mucosal degeneration after death . Their anatomical location on the internal aspect of the oral cavity protects them from different environmental factors including rising temperature, palatal infections, trauma, and tooth exfoliation and eruption. They are considered suitable landmarks for forensic identification.
  • 835
  • 25 Feb 2022
Topic Review
BHLHE41/DEC2 in Non-Small Lung Cancer Development
The circadian rhythm-related genes BHLHE40/DEC1 and BHLHE41/DEC2 have various functions under different cell and tissue conditions. BHLHE41/DEC2 has been reported to be both a cancer-suppressive and an oncogenic gene during cancer development. The effects of BHLHE41/DEC2 on differentiation have been examined using Bhlhe41/Dec2 knockout mice and/or in vitro differentiation models, and research has been conducted using genetic analysis of tumor cells, in vitro analysis of cancer cell lines, and immunohistochemical studies of the clinical samples.
  • 834
  • 08 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Drosophila with Super-Resolution Microscopy
In recent decades, fluorescent microscopy has become the most popular tool of cell and developmental biologists, since fluorescent labeling offers high molecular specificity, and due to its low invasiveness, it has become the leading method to study living cells, tissues or organisms. In the early days, only widefield applications were available, but with later technological advances, every aspect of microscopy was improved tremendously, resulting in the development of specialized microscopes, such as optical sectioning confocal microscopes, spinning disk confocal microscopes, light sheets, TIRF and multi-photon microscopic tools. Despite the remarkable progress, all these techniques remained limited by the wavelength of light at around 200-250 nm. A turning point came when scientists found ways to get around this obstacle and developed several nanoscopic methods that are able to increase the resolution up to 2-10 nm, allowing the study and understanding of the cellular structures at the molecular level by broadly applicable microscopic approaches.
  • 833
  • 09 Aug 2021
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