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Topic Review
Apache Wave
Apache Wave was a software framework for real-time collaborative editing online. Google originally developed it as Google Wave. It was announced at the Google I/O conference on May 27, 2009. Wave is a web-based computing platform and communications protocol designed to merge key features of communications media such as email, instant messaging, wikis, and social networking. Communications using the system can be synchronous or asynchronous. Software extensions provide contextual spelling and grammar checking, automated language translation and other features. Initially released only to developers, a preview release of Google Wave was extended to 100,000 users in September 2009, each allowed to invite additional users. Google accepted most requests submitted starting November 29, 2009, soon after the September extended release of the technical preview. On May 19, 2010, it was released to the general public. On August 4, 2010, Google announced the suspension of stand-alone Wave development and the intent of maintaining the web site at least for the remainder of the year, and on November 22, 2011, announced that existing Waves would become read-only in January 2012 and all Waves would be deleted in April 2012. Development was handed over to the Apache Software Foundation which started to develop a server-based product called Wave in a Box. It was retired in January 2018.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Oct 2022
Topic Review
2D Filters
Two dimensional filters have seen substantial development effort due to their importance and high applicability across several domains. In the 2-D case the situation is quite different from the 1-D case, because the multi-dimensional polynomials cannot in general be factored. This means that an arbitrary transfer function cannot generally be manipulated into a form required by a particular implementation. The input-output relationship of a 2-D IIR filter obeys a constant-coefficient linear partial difference equation from which the value of an output sample can be computed using the input samples and previously computed output samples. Because the values of the output samples are fed back, the 2-D filter, like its 1-D counterpart, can be unstable.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Multidimensional Filter Design and Implementation
Many concepts in one–dimensional signal processing are similar to concepts in multidimensional signal processing. However, many familiar one–dimensional procedures do not readily generalize to the multidimensional case and some important issues associated with multidimensional signals and systems do not appear in the one–dimensional special case.
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Acute and Obtuse Triangles
An acute triangle (or acute-angled triangle) is a triangle with three acute angles (less than 90°). An obtuse triangle (or obtuse-angled triangle) is a triangle with one obtuse angle (greater than 90°) and two acute angles. Since a triangle's angles must sum to 180° in Euclidean geometry, no Euclidean triangle can have more than one obtuse angle. Acute and obtuse triangles are the two different types of oblique triangles — triangles that are not right triangles because they have no 90° angle.
  • 1.0K
  • 24 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Vibrotactile Feedback in Virtual Reality
While substantial progress in computer graphics and sound rendering has resulted in highly realistic visual and auditory experiences in virtual reality (VR), achieving genuine immersion, interactivity, and the stimulation of imagination necessitates the integration of realistic tactile experiences, often facilitated through haptic feedback. The incorporation of vibrotactile feedback in VR allows users to fully engage their sense of touch, enabling them to explore, grasp, and manipulate virtual objects as if they were interacting with them in the physical world.
  • 1.0K
  • 22 Jan 2024
Topic Review
GNU Build System
The GNU Build System, also known as the Autotools, is a suite of programming tools designed to assist in making source code packages portable to many Unix-like systems. It can be difficult to make a software program portable: the C compiler differs from system to system; certain library functions are missing on some systems; header files may have different names. One way to handle this is to write conditional code, with code blocks selected by means of preprocessor directives (#ifdef); but because of the wide variety of build environments this approach quickly becomes unmanageable. Autotools is designed to address this problem more manageably. Autotools is part of the GNU toolchain and is widely used in many free software and open source packages. Its component tools are free software-licensed under the GNU General Public License with special license exceptions permitting its use with proprietary software. The GNU Build System makes it possible to build many programs using a two-step process: configure followed by make.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Crowns of Power
Crowns of Power, also referred to as CoP, is a 3D fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2008 by Rampid Interactive, LLC. the game closed in 2010 and was later purchased in 2017 by Conkered Gaming LLC. Crowns of Power takes place in the 3D fantasy world of Arder, a magical world in the center of the universe in which magic prevails. Crowns of Power is mostly known for its unique class system and smaller world populations, creating a unique sense of community unlike any other.
  • 1.0K
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Jump Super Stars
Jump Super Stars is a 2D crossover fighting game for the Nintendo DS, based on Weekly Shōnen Jump characters. It was developed by Ganbarion and published by Nintendo. The game was released on August 8, 2005, in Japan and accompanied the release of a red Nintendo DS. A sequel, Jump Ultimate Stars, was released in Japan on November 23, 2006.
  • 1.0K
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Gamification and Technology Acceptance
Technology acceptance is essential for technology success. Individual users are known to differ in their tendency to adopt and interact with new technologies. Among the individual differences, personality has been shown to be a predictor of users’ beliefs about technology acceptance. Gamification, on the other hand, has been shown to be a good solution to improve students’ motivation and engagement while learning. Despite the growing interest in gamification, less research attention has been paid to the effect of personality, specifically based on the Five Factor model (FFM), on gamification acceptance in learning environments.
  • 1.0K
  • 08 Mar 2023
Topic Review
ID-Based Encryption
ID-based encryption, or identity-based encryption (IBE), is an important primitive of ID-based cryptography. As such it is a type of public-key encryption in which the public key of a user is some unique information about the identity of the user (e.g. a user's email address). This means that a sender who has access to the public parameters of the system can encrypt a message using e.g. the text-value of the receiver's name or email address as a key. The receiver obtains its decryption key from a central authority, which needs to be trusted as it generates secret keys for every user. ID-based encryption was proposed by Adi Shamir in 1984. He was however only able to give an instantiation of identity-based signatures. Identity-based encryption remained an open problem for many years. The pairing-based Boneh–Franklin scheme and Cocks's encryption scheme based on quadratic residues both solved the IBE problem in 2001.
  • 1.0K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Iterared Skew Polynomial Rings
Skew polynomial rings used to be, especially during the 1970’s and 1980’s, a popular topic of the modern abstract Algebra with great theoretical interest. The researchers’ attention about them has renewed recently, due to the important applications that they have found to the study of Quantum Groups and to Cryptography. The present work studies a special class of iterated skew polynomial rings over a ring R, defined with respect to a finite set of pairwise commuting derivations of R.
  • 1.0K
  • 17 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Digital Escape Rooms in STEM Education
The traditional lecture-based model of teaching and learning has led to the exploration of innovative approaches including digital escape rooms. Digital escape rooms offer an immersive and engaging experience that promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and teamwork, making them a unique opportunity to address the challenges of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education, which is often perceived as difficult, boring, and intimidating.
  • 1.0K
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
NS320xx
The NS32000, sometimes known as the 32k, is a series of microprocessors produced by National Semiconductor. The first member of the family, the 32016, came to market in 1982, making it the first 32-bit general-purpose microprocessor on the market. However, the 32016 contained a large number of bugs and often could not be run at its rated speed. These problems, and the presence of the similar Motorola 68000, led to almost no use in the market. Several improved versions followed, including 1985's 32032 which was essentially a bug-fixed 32016 with an external 32-bit data bus possible due to improvements in chip carriers that were becoming common in the market. However, it offered only about 50% better speed than the 32016, and was outperformed by the 32-bit Motorola 68020, released a year prior. The 32532, released in 1987, outperformed the competing Motorola 68030 by almost two times, but by this time most interest in microprocessors had turned to RISC platforms and this otherwise excellent design saw almost no use as well. National was working on further improvements in the 32732, but eventually gave up attempting to compete in the central processing unit (CPU) space. Instead, the basic 32000 architecture was combined with several support systems and relaunched as the Swordfish microcontroller. This had some success in the market before it was replaced by the CompactRISC architecture in mid-1990s.
  • 1.0K
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Signalling (Economics)
In contract theory, signalling (or signaling; see spelling differences) is the idea that one party (the agent) credibly conveys some information about itself to another party (the principal). Although signalling theory was initially developed by Michael Spence based on observed knowledge gaps between organisations and prospective employees, its intuitive nature led it to be adapted to many other domains, such as Human Resource Management, business, and financial markets. In Spence's job-market signaling model, (potential) employees send a signal about their ability level to the employer by acquiring education credentials. The informational value of the credential comes from the fact that the employer believes the credential is positively correlated with having the greater ability and difficulty for low ability employees to obtain. Thus the credential enables the employer to reliably distinguish low ability workers from high ability workers. The concept of signaling is also applicable in competitive altruistic interaction, where the capacity of the receiving party is limited.
  • 1.0K
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Local Zeta-Function
In number theory, the local zeta function Z(V, s) (sometimes called the congruent zeta function) is defined as where Nm is the number of points of V defined over the mth cyclotomic field extension Fqm of Fq, and V is a non-singular n-dimensional projective algebraic variety over the field Fq with q elements. By the variable transformation u = q−s, then it is defined by as the formal power series of the variable [math]\displaystyle{ u }[/math]. Equivalently, the local zeta function sometimes is defined as follows: In other word, the local zeta function Z(V, u) with coefficients in the finite field Fq is defined as a function whose logarithmic derivative generates the numbers Nm of the solutions of equation, defining V, in the m degree extension Fqm.
  • 1.0K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Suzuki TT Superbikes: Real Road Racing Championship
Suzuki TT Superbikes: Real Road Racing, often shortened to simply Suzuki TT Superbikes; also known as TT Superbikes: Real Road Racing in Europe and Japan, is a 2005 motorcycle simulation racing video game developed by Jester Interactive exclusively for the PlayStation 2 gaming console. The game was self–published by Jester in Europe, with Valcon Games and Taito handling publishing in North America and Japan, respectively. In North America, the game is licensed under Suzuki, an automobile manufacturer. The title features over 50 licensed vehicles and is entirely based around the famed Isle of Man TT race, a 60.72 km annual competition held within the Isle of Man. It is the second game based on the race, following the 1995 release of Manx TT Super Bike, though this game was only based on the Manx TT event, which is a small section of the course. The game was available on the PlayStation 3 via the North American PlayStation Store. Suzuki TT Superbikes has since received two sequels.
  • 1.0K
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Life Quality Index
The Life Quality Index (LQI) is a calibrated compound social indicator of human welfare that reflects the expected length of life in good health and enhancement of the quality of life through access to income. The Life Quality Index combines two primary social indicators: the expectancy of healthy life at birth, E, and the real gross domestic product per person, G, corrected for purchasing power parity as appropriate. Both are widely available and accurate statistics.
  • 1.0K
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Alundra 2: A New Legend Begins
Alundra 2: A New Legend Begins (アランドラ2 魔進化の謎, Arandora 2 Ma Shinka no Nazo, Alundra 2: The Mystery of Magic Evolution) is an action role-playing game developed by Matrix Software for the Sony PlayStation. It was published by SCEI in Japan and Activision worldwide. Unlike its predecessor, Alundra, Alundra 2 features a 3D look which opens up a new world of puzzles. Also, despite its title, Alundra 2 is a standalone sequel, and has no ties with the original. It has a whole new story with a different set of characters, including the main character, Flint. Compared to the darker storyline of Alundra, Alundra 2 has a more light-hearted storyline.
  • 1.0K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters
The National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters Ltd (known as NAATI) is the national standards and accreditation body for translators and interpreters in Australia. NAATI's mission, as outlined in the NAATI Constitution, is to set and maintain high national standards in translating and interpreting to enable the existence of a pool of accredited translators and interpreters responsive to the changing needs and demography of the Australian community. The core focus of the company is issuing certification for practitioners who wish to work as translators and interpreters in Australia.
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Hosts (File)
The computer file hosts is an operating system file that maps hostnames to IP addresses. It is a plain text file. Originally a file named HOSTS.TXT was manually maintained and made available via file sharing by Stanford Research Institute for the ARPANET membership, containing the hostnames and address of hosts as contributed for inclusion by member organizations. The Domain Name System, first described in 1983 and implemented in 1984, automated the publication process and provided instantaneous and dynamic hostname resolution in the rapidly growing network. In modern operating systems, the hosts file remains an alternative name resolution mechanism, configurable often as part of facilities such as the Name Service Switch as either the primary method or as a fallback method.
  • 1.0K
  • 15 Nov 2022
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